1. Topic 9b
Local and Federal Authority
Regulations
Uniform Building By-Laws (UBBL)
1
2. Lesson Learning Outcome
• At the conclusion of this lesson, the
student should be able to:
– Describe and explain Uniform Building ByLaw
(UBBL). (CO1:PO3)
2
4. Building by-law?
• Building by-laws most commonly refers to a city or
municipal law or ordinance, passed under the authority
of a state or federal law specifying what things may be
regulated by the municipality.
• The main difference between a “by-law” and a "law"
passed by a federal, state or provincial body, is that a
by-law is a regulation passed by a non-sovereign body,
which derives its authority from another governing body.
• A municipal government gets its power to pass laws
through a charter or a law of the state/provincial or
federal government which specifies what things the city
may regulate through by-laws.
5. Uniform Building By-laws?
• UBBL [Uniform Building By-Laws] are secondary
laws passed by the local authorities in the
administration of construction industry activities.
• In exercise of the powers conferred by section
133 of the Street, Drainage and Building Act
1974, the Minister/State Authority makes the
following by-laws:(Act 133.)
• These By-laws may be cited as the Uniform
Building By-laws 1984.
6. Street, Drainage and Building Act
1974, section 133
• 133. The State Authority shall have the power to make
by-laws for or in respect of every purpose which is
deemed by him necessary for carrying out the provisions
of this Act, and for prescribing any matter which is
authorized or required under this Act to be prescribed,
and in particular and without prejudice to the generality
of the foregoing for or in respect of all or any of the
matters specified hereunder
7. Building By-Laws: Function
• A set of rules that specify the minimum acceptable level of
safety for constructed objects such as buildings and non-
building structures.
• The main purpose of the building codes is to protect
public health, safety and general welfare as they relate to
the construction and occupancy of buildings and
structures.
• The building by-laws becomes law of a particular
jurisdiction when formally enacted by the appropriate
authority.
8. Building By-Laws:
Function (cont.)
• Building by-laws are generally intended to be applied by
architects and engineers, but are also used for various
purposes by safety inspectors, environmental scientists,
real estate developers, contractors and subcontractors,
manufacturers of building products and materials,
insurance companies, facility managers, tenants, and
others.
9. Building By-Laws: Scope
• Building by-laws generally include:
– Structural safety: buildings should be strong enough
to resist internally and externally applied forces
without collapsing;
– Fire safety: includes requirements to prevent the fire
spread to/from neighbours, provide warning of
occupants, and safe exiting of building, limitation on
fire spread, and provisions for fire suppression/fire
fighting;
– Health requirements: adequate washrooms, adequate
air circulation, and plumbing materials.
10. Building By-Laws: Scope
• Some building by-laws sometimes include requirements
for:
– Noise mitigation to protect building occupants from noise
pollution (see Noise regulation)
– Accessibility: requirements to ensure that a building is accessible
for persons in wheelchairs or having other disabilities.
– Energy conservation, either by prescribing design requirements
for the building envelope, heating & cooling equipment, lighting
load, etc., or by requiring the building to meet specified energy
performance standards (typically expressed as the maximum
energy use per unit floor area). The Indian Energy Conservation
Building Code provides a choice to building designers to use
either of the two approaches.
– Indoor air quality
11. Building By-Laws: Scope
• Building by-laws generally do not include:
– Aesthetics: Any regulation of the aesthetics of
buildings are usually included in zoning by-laws;
– Traffic convenience: Limitations on traffic flow are
usually either in zoning or other municipal by-laws;
– Building Use: the safe use of a building is generally in
the Fire code; or
– Required upgrades for existing building: unless the
building is being renovated, the building code usually
does not apply.
12. Authorities
• Authorities’ requirements vary from project to project
and from place to place.
• The Project Manager needs to be aware of the
departments involved, its submission requirements,
activity flow procedures and the approximate time
frame required to secure the necessary approvals
such as density, zoning, plot ratio, height, massing
and other technical requirements.
• Jabatan Kawalan dan Bangunan, Fire Department,
Police Department, Telekom Malaysia, Jabatan
Kerja Raya, Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB),
Jabatan Pengairan dan Saliran, Jabatan Bekalan
Air (JBA), Land District Office and Health
Department.
13. UNIFORM BUILDING BY-LAWS
1984 - Contents
PART I PRELIMINARY
PART II SUBMISSION OF PLANS FOR APPROVAL
PART III SPACE. LIGHT AND VENTILATION
PART IV TEMPORARY WORKS IN CONNECTION WITH
BUILDING OPERATIONS
PART V STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS
PART VI CONSTRUCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
PART VII FIRE REQUIREMENTS
PART VIII FIRE ALARMS, FIRE DETECTION, FIRE
EXTINGUISHMENT AND FIRE FIGHTING
ACCESS
PART IX MISCELLANEOUS
15. PART II
SUBMISSION OF PLANS FOR APPROVAL
3. Submission of plans for approval
4. Return of plan
5. Supervision of work
6. Plans to be signed
7. Withdrawal or change of qualified person
8. Plans to be deposited in triplicate
9. Scale of plans
10. Plans required
11. Exemption from by-law 10
12. Sketch plans for approval in principle
13. Special permission to commence building operations
14. Plans of alterations
15. Specification
16. Details and calculations of structural plans
17. Power of local authority to reject structural plans and calculations
18. Permits
19. Temporary permits
20. Advertisement Hoarding
21. Materials not to be deposited in a street without permission
22. Notice of commencement or resumption of building operations
23. Notice of completion of setting out
24. Notice of completion of excavation for foundation
25. Certificate of fitness for occupation
26. Temporary certificate of fitness for occupation
27. Partial certificate of fitness for occupation
28. Offence under the Act
29. Fees for consideration of plans and for permits
16. PART III
SPACE. LIGHT AND VENTILATION
30. Open spaces to be provided
31. Open spaces not to be altered or roofed
32. Space about buildings abutting a street and a back lane
33. Space about buildings on lots abutting a street & having no back lane
34. Space about detached buildings
35. Access from a street
36. Splayed corners
37. Projections over the street and over the building line
38. Width of footway
39. Natural lighting and ventilation
40. Air-wells
41. Mechanical ventilation and air-conditioning
42. Minimum area of rooms in residential buildings
43. Minimum dimensions of latrines, water-closets and bathrooms
44. Height of rooms in residential buildings, shophouses, schools, etc.
45. Places of public resorts
46. Heights of rooms in buildings
47. Project longs over verandah-way
17. PART IV
TEMPORARY WORKS IN CONNECTION WITH
BUILDING OPERATIONS
48. Commencement of building operation
49. Responsibility of persons granted temporary permits
50. Cancellation of temporary permits
51. Vehicular access to site
52. Rising mains to be installed progressively
18. PART V
STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS
53. Building materials
54. General requirements of loading
55. Dead and imposed loads
56. Dead loads calculated from weights of materials used
57. Weight of partitions
58. Contents of tanks and other receptacles
59. Imposed floor loads
60. Mechanical stacking
61. Imposed loads on ceilings, skylights and similar structures
62. Reduction in total imposed floor loads
63. Imposed roof loads
64. Curved roofs
65. Roof coverings
66. Internal suspended loads on primary structural members
67. Amount of suspended load
68. Dynamic loading
69. Crane gantry girders
70. Parapets and balustrades
71. Vehicle barriers for car parks
72. Basement walls and floors
73. Foundations
74. Foundations of buildings not exceeding four storeys
75. Reinforced concrete foundations
76. Strip foundations
77. Brick footings
78. Foundations below invert of drains
79. Foundations under external and party walls
80. Structure above foundations
19. PART VI
CONSTRUCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
81. Building site
82. Drainage of subsoil
83. Protection against soil erosion, etc.
84. Prevention of dampness
85. Nominal thickness of walls
86. Party walls
87. Openings in party walls
88. Recesses
89. Chases
90. Underpinning
91. Coping, etc. to be impervious
92. Projections in brickwork
93. Measurement of the length of a wall
94. Use of 100 millimetre brickwork and concrete blocks in loadbearing walls
95. External panel walls
96. Non load-bearing partitions
97. Timbers built into party walls
98. Fences and boundary walls
99. Cooking facilities in residential buildings
100. Cooking facilities in quarters
101. Boilers, fireplaces, forges and incinerators in factories
20. PART VI
CONSTRUCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
102. Combustible materials adjoining smoke flues
103. Timber floors
104. Bearing of joists
105. Space below floors to be ventilated
106. Dimensions of staircases
107. Handrails
108. Maximum flights
109. Winders
110. No obstructions in staircases
111. Lighting and ventilation of staircases
112. Enclosure of staircases in a shop
113. Use of timber staircases
114. Timber roofs
115. Roofs coverings and drainage
116. Accessible flat roofs, balconies, etc.
117. Access to roof space
118. Refuse chutes and alternate means for disposal of refuse
119. Change of use of building
120. Design and construction of refuse chutes
121. Requirements for refuse receptacle chambers
122. Access to refuse receptacle chambers
123. Pipes and service ducts
124. Lifts
125. Swimming pools
126. Steps and footway
127. Openings into swimming pool
128. Depth of water
129. Location of driving boards
130. Changing rooms
131. Foot-bath and shower
132. Private, residential swimming pools
21. PART VII
FIRE REQUIREMENTS
133. Interpretation
134. Designation of purpose groups
135. Rules of measurement
136. Provision of compartment walls and compartment floors
137. Floor in building exceeding 30 metres in height to be constructed as compartment floor
138. Other walls and floors to be constructed as compartment walls or compartment floors
139. Separation of fire risk areas
140. Fire appliance access
141. Separating walls
142. External walls
143. Beam or column
144. Cladding on external wall
145. Reference to Sixth Schedule
146. Relevant boundary
147. Construction of separating walls
148. Special requirements as to compartment walls and compartment floors
149. Horizontal and vertical barriers at the external walls
150. Protected shafts
151. Ventilation to lift shafts
152. Openings in lift shafts
153. Smoke detectors for lift lobbies
154. Emergency mode of operation in the event of mains power failure
22. PART VII
FIRE REQUIREMENTS
155. Fire mode of operation
156. Protected shafts as ventilating duct
157. Protected shafts consisting of staircase
158. Stages in places of assembly
159. Open stages
160. Fire precaution in air-conditioning systems
161. Fire-stopping
162. Fire doors in compartment walls and separating walls
163. Half hour and one hour doors
164. Door closers for fire doors
165. Measurement of travel distance to exits
166. Exits to be accessible at all times
167. Storey exits
168. Staircases
169. Exit route
170. Egress through unenclosed openings
171. Horizontal exits
172. Emergency exit signs
173. Exit doors
174. Arrangement of storey exits
175. Calculation of occupant load
176. Computing storey exit widths
177. Computing number of staircases and staircase widths
178. Exits for institutional and other places of assembly
179. Classification of places of assembly
180. Spaced standards for calculating occupancy loads
181. Width of means of egress
182. Rate of discharge
183. Exit details for places of assembly
184. Seating
23. PART VII
FIRE REQUIREMENTS
186. Exit doors in places of assembly
187. Notice affixed to door of gate
188. Travel distance in places of assembly
189. Enclosing means of escape in certain buildings
190. External staircase
191. Openings in adjacent walls not permitted
192. Moving walks
193. Power operated door as means of agrees
194. Building with single staircase
195. Staircases to reach roof level
196. Smoke lobbies
197. Protected lobbies
198. Ventilation of staircase enclosures
199. Ventilation of staircase enclosures in buildings not exceeding 18 metres
200. Ventilation of staircase enclosures in buildings exceeding 18 metres
201. Staircase enclosures below ground level
202. Pressurized system for staircase
203. Restriction of spread of flame
204. Classification of restriction of flame over surfaces of walls and ceilings
205. Classification of interior finish materials
206. Classification of surface of wall or ceiling
24. PART VII
FIRE REQUIREMENTS
207. Exceptions relating to ceilings
208. Reference to roofs
209. Reference to buildings
210. Construction of roofs
211. Roofing materials
212. Category designation for fire penetration and spread of flame on roof surface
213. Fire resistance
214. Additional requirements
215. Height of buildings
216. Single storey buildings
217. Fire resistance of structural member
218. Compartment wall separating flats and maisonnette
219. Application of these By-laws to floors
220. Floor area and capacity of buildings and compartments
221. Test of fire resistance
222. Fire resistance for walls
223. Fire resistance for floors above ground floor
224. Fire resistance for any element of structure
25. PART VIII
FIRE ALARMS, FIRE DETECTION, FIRE
EXTINGUISHMENT AND FIRE FIGHTING
ACCESS
225. Detecting and extinguishing fire
226. Automatic system for hazardous occupancy
227. Portable extinguishes
228. Sprinkler valves
229. Means of access and fire fighting in buildings over 18.3 metres high
230. Installation and testing of dry rising system
231. Installation and testing of wet rising system
232. Wet or dry rising system for buildings under construction
233. Foam inlets
234. Underground structures and windowless buildings to have foam inlets
235. Fixed installations
236. Special hazards
237. Fire alarms
26. PART VIII FIRE ALARMS, FIRE DETECTION,
FIRE EXTINGUISHMENT AND FIRE
FIGHTING ACCESS
238. Command and control centre
239. Voice communication system
240. Electrical isolating switch
241. Special requirements for fire alarm systems
242. Fire fighting access lobbies
243. Fire lifts
244. Standards required
245. Approval of D.G.F.S.
246. Certification on completion
247. Water storage
248. Marking on wet riser, etc.
249. Smoke and heat venting
250. Natural draught smoke vent
251. Smoke vents; adequate to prevent dangerous accumulation of smoke
252. Smoke vents to be openable by Fire Authority
253. Emergency power system
27. PART IX MISCELLANEOUS
254. Buildings to which Parts VII and VIII apply
255. Power of local authority to extend period, etc.
256. Buildings exempted
257. Malaysian Standard Specification and Code of
Practice to prevail over British Standard Specification and
Code of Practice
258. Failure to Buildings
