Methamphetamines are a highly addictive and powerful stimulating substance that affects the central nervous system. They were first synthesized in 1893 and have been used in various countries. Worldwide production of methamphetamines and other amphetamine-type stimulants was estimated at nearly 500 metric tons per year in 2011, with over 24 million abusers. Short-term effects include increased heart rate and energy, while long-term effects involve permanent damage to blood vessels and organs, as well as psychological dependence and cognitive decline. Prenatal exposure may lead to developmental issues. Recovery from methamphetamine addiction can take over a year and may not fully repair cognitive and motor function damage.

1. METHAMPHETAMINES
LARAIB ZAFAR IQBAL

2. INTRODUCTIO
N
•Methamphetamines are a highly addictive and
powerful stimulating substance
•Central nervous system was affected by these
substances.
• ice blue, meth, and precious stone,
•Formula C10H15 N
• Molecular mass: 149.233 g/Mole
•Half life: 9-15 hours
• Large scale production

3. HISTORY
•Man-made, powerful and highly addictive stimulant
that affects the central nervous system
•Meth, chalk, ice, and crystal
• First synthesized in 1893 by Nagayoshi NagaI
• Used in Japan, Britain, Germany

4. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL
TRENDS
• The UNODC estimated the worldwide production of
amphetamine-type stimulants, which includes
methamphetamine, at nearly 500 metric tons a year,
with 24.7 million abusers (United Nations Office on
Drugs and Crime, 2011).

6. WHO TO TAKE
Methamphetamine can be injected by
• smoked,
• swallowed
• snorted
• Crystal/rock form Pill and powder form

7. FORMATION OF METH
•ACETONE – found in nail polish remover
•LITHIUM – used in batteries
•TOLUENE – used in brake fluid
•HYDROCHLORIC ACID – used to make plastic
•PSEUDOEPHEDRINE – found in cold medicines
•RED PHOSPHORUS – found in matchboxes
•SODIUM HYDROXIDE – lye, used to dispose of road

8. HOW TO TRANSMIT
• Snorting
• Smoking
• Ingesting
• Injecting

10. ACUTE PHYSICAL EFFECTS
•Increases Heart
rate
• Blood pressure • Pupil size
•Respiration • Sensory acuity
•Energy Decreases
– Appetite – Sleep
– Reaction

11. MEDICAL USES
•Narcolepsy
•Attention deficit disorder
•Obesity (short term use)

12. PUBLIC
CONCERN
Methamphetamine is stronger than amphetamine.
Longer-lasting and more harmful effects on the central
nervous system.
Drug with high potential for widespread abuse
rank in the world's second most widely abused drug
Expansion of such illegal trade pose an increasing threat to
health worldwide production
 induction of psychosis

13. SHORT-TERM EFFECTS
•Short-term effects may include:
• Loss of appetite
• Increased heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature
• Dilation of pupils
• Disturbed sleep patterns
• Nausea
• Bizarre, erratic, sometimes violent behavior
• Hallucinations and irritability
• Panic and psychosis
• Convulsions, seizures and death from high doses

14. LONG-TERM EFFECTS
• Permanent damage to blood vessels of heart and brain, high blood
pressure leading to heart attacks, strokes and death
• Liver, kidney and lung damage
• Destruction of tissues in nose if sniffed
• Breathing problems if smoked
• Infectious diseases and abscesses if injected
• Malnutrition, weight loss
• Severe tooth decay
• Disorientation, apathy, confused exhaustion
• Strong psychological dependence
• Damage to the brain similar to Alzheimer’s disease, stroke and
epilepsy

15. METH MOUTH
• BAD DIET
• LACK OF SALIVA
• DECREASED BLOOD FLOW
• TOOTH GRINDING AND CLENCHING
• BAD HYGIENE

16. SYMPTOMS OF
METHAMPHETAMINE
• Primarily consist of fatigue, depression,
and increased appetite. -may also include
anxiety, irritability, headaches, agitation,
restlessness, excessive sleeping, vivid or
lucid dreams, deep REM sleep, and
suicidal ideation

17. USE IN PREGNANCY
• Possible effects found in the few human studies that exist
include increased rates of premature delivery, placental
abruption (early) separation of a normal placenta from the wall
of the uterus), retarded fatal growth, and cardiac and brain
abnormalities

18. BEFORE RISK
• In 2001, methamphetamine use sent more people to the
emergency room than use of any other club drug. Over half of
these cases involved meth in combination with another drug,
such as alcohol, heroin, or cocaine
Know the risks.
o There are a lot of risks associated with using
methamphetamine, including:
o Meth can cause a severe “crash” after the effects wear off.
o Meth use can cause irreversible damage to blood vessels in
the brain.
o Meth users who inject the drug and share needles are at risk
for acquiring HIV/AIDS.
Look around you.
o Not everyone is using methamphetamine. In 2003, 3.2 percent
of 12th graders reported having used methamphetamine.

19. ENVIRONMENTAL HARM:
• long- term environmental health risks.
• Water contamination
• Cost of cleaning

20. CHILDREN AT RISK
• noxious fumes which can cause brain damage

21. HOSPITALS AND BURN
UNITS:
•These chemical burns are tough to treat, and extremely
expensive. Much of the care in these specialized units goes
uncompensated, which puts a great financial strain on the
hospitals and state medical programs.

22. RECOVERY
• Partial Recovery of Brain from Methamphetamine After Abstinence Normal Control METH Abuser (1
month abstinent) METH Abuser (14 months abstinent) 0 3 ml/gm Dopamine improvements after 1 year,
but not cognitive and motor functioning

23. CONCLUSION
It is dual dopamine/serotonin releasers could be used to treat withdrawal symptoms and decrease the
prevalence of relapse • Medical research should also be aimed at finding meth derivatives, which can
treat specific ailments and decrease the harmful side effects associated with methamphetamine drugs Su
32.

24. REFERENCE
S
• •https://www.slideshare.net/ChuckLichon/crystal-meth-for-
teens
• https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-
reports/methamphetamine/what-are-immediate-short-term-
effects-methamphetamine-misuse
• Meth Slang Names". MethhelpOnline. Archived from
the original on 7 December 2013. Retrieved 1
January 2014.
• ^ "Methamphetamine and the law". Archived from the
original on 28 January 2015. Retrieved 30
December 2014.