During the period from 500 BCE to 500 CE, major trading systems developed across Eurasia along the Silk Roads connecting China and the Mediterranean, in the Indian Ocean connecting Southeast Asia, India and East Africa, and across the Sahara Desert connecting North and West Africa. Key goods traded included silk, spices, gold, salt and slaves. Major religions like Buddhism and Islam also spread along these trade routes. From 600-1450 CE, the Silk Roads revived under imperial Chinese dynasties and the Mongols while Indian Ocean and Trans-Saharan trade expanded. Major changes came after 1450 with the global spread of crops, animals, diseases and people through networks of trade connecting Europe, Africa and the Americas.

1. Trading Systems ReviewTrading Systems Review

2. Trading Systems 500 BCE to 500 CETrading Systems 500 BCE to 500 CE

3. Silk Roads Pt. I:Silk Roads Pt. I: 200 B.C.E. to 500 C.E.200 B.C.E. to 500 C.E.
• During Han Dynasty
• 7000 mile route
• Trade caravans linked China & Mesopotamia
• Silk traded with Indians for precious stones &
metals…Indians traded silk with Romans
• Buddhism spread!

4. Indian Ocean Pt. I:Indian Ocean Pt. I: 500 B.C.E. to 500 C.E.500 B.C.E. to 500 C.E.
• Sea lanes connecting China, Malaysia, S.E.
Asia & Persia
• Dhow boat
• Sailors used monsoon winds…entrepots
ports
• Chinese pottery, Indian spices, African
ivory & female slaves
• The banana diffused…

5. INDIAN OCEAN TRADE 500 B.C.E. to 500 C.E.

6. Trans-Saharan Trade Pt. ITrans-Saharan Trade Pt. I
• Arab camel traders
• Traded salt, gold, palm oil
• Supplied Romans with olives, wheat & wild
animals
• Islam eventually spreads

7. Trans-Saharan TradeTrans-Saharan Trade

8. Silk Roads Pt. II:Silk Roads Pt. II: 600-1450600-1450
• Revived under the Tang & Song
• Yuan (Mongols) expanded Silk Roads
• Islam spreads
• Mongols spread the plague into Eurasia…

9. Silk Road Trade 600 CE to 1450 CESilk Road Trade 600 CE to 1450 CE

10. • Fall of the Mongols..Indian Ocean trade
picked up
• Ming renewed trade (voyage of Zheng He)
• By 1200’s: Bantu migrations arrived to E.
Africa to form trade language of Swahili
• Portuguese begin exploration to India,
Malacca
Indian Ocean Pt. II:Indian Ocean Pt. II: 600-1450600-1450

11. Indian Ocean Pt. II:Indian Ocean Pt. II: 600-1450600-1450

12. Trans-Saharan Pt. II:Trans-Saharan Pt. II: 600-1450600-1450
• African empires (Ghana, Mali, Songhai)
linked to Europe
• Gold, salt, slaves
• Spread of Islam…Arabic, architecture
• Mansa Musa goes to Mecca
• Ibn Battuta travels the Muslim world

13. Trans-Saharan Trade 600 C.E. to 1450 C.E.Trans-Saharan Trade 600 C.E. to 1450 C.E.

14. 1450-17501450-1750

15. Columbian Exchange:Columbian Exchange: 1450-17501450-1750
• Guns, germs, & steel:
animals, crops, people,
diseases
• maize, potatoes, wheat,
rice
• Cash crops: sugar,
tobacco, coffee
• Triangle of Trade
• Middle Passage (slaves)

17. Latin American Trade:Latin American Trade: 1750-19141750-1914
• trading partnerships with U.S. & Britain
Brazil: sugar slaves, cacao, rubber
Cuba: tobacco & sugar
Mexico: copper & silver
Argentina: beef

18. Islamic World:Islamic World: 1750-19141750-1914
• Ottoman Empire decreased trade due to
anti-western industrialization
• Egypt: modernizes…Muhammad Ali;
cotton; Suez Canal

19. Qing Trading:Qing Trading: 1750-19141750-1914
• Traded with Europe through Canton System
• tea, silk, porcelain, opium for silver
• British victory in Opium Wars (Treaty of
Nanking) opened China

20. Trading Blocs:Trading Blocs: 1914-present1914-present
•OPEC: regulates oil prices
•European Union: economic integration
•NAFTA: Canada, U.S., & Mexico
•WTO (1995) to organize world trade