Paint is a surface coating used to protect architectural structures and industrial facilities from weathering. It consists of pigments dispersed in a vehicle or resin. Common pigments include titanium dioxide, carbon black, and iron oxide. Vehicles are liquid compounds that carry the pigments and form a film, such as oils, resins, and polymers. When applied, the vehicle dries through oxidation or evaporation, leaving behind the pigment film. Some potential paint failures are chalking, flaking, alligatoring, and checking. Paint can be applied as a solid, gas, or liquid using methods like powder coating, spray painting, and direct application with brushes or rollers. Volatile organic compounds in some paints

1. Paint Industry

2. Done by:-
M.Keerthi Vasan.
S.Sankili.
D.Vignesh.
Muhamud Yusuf.
S.Manish Kanna.
C.Giri Tharan.

3. What is a paint?
Paint is a form of surface coating for architectural structures, factories,
industries for prevention of ordinary attacks of weather.
Paints are made by dispersing a finely divided colored
material(pigment) in a vehicle (resin or volatile solvent).

4. Pigment;-
• Pigment are colored material and they are inorganic compound or insoluble
organic compound or organic compound in inorganic carrier.
• Pigments are Opaque, non-toxic, inert compounds.
• To achieve a specific requirement of a paint for particular applications,
PVC(Pigment Volume Concentration) should be chosen appropriately.
PVC=
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑖𝑔𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑖𝑛 𝑝𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑡
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑖𝑔𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑖𝑛 𝑝𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑡+𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑣𝑒ℎ𝑖𝑐𝑙𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑝𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑡.
• For example PVC of Exterior house paints is 28%-36%

5. Industrially important pigments:
• White pigments: Titanium dioxide, Lithopone, White lead, etc.
• Black Pigments: Carbon black, etc.
• Blue pigments: Ultramarine blue, Ferrocyanide blue, etc.
• Red pigments: Red lead, Ferric oxide, etc.
• Yellow pigments: Chrome yellow, Zinc yellow, Ocher, etc.
• Green pigments: Chrome green, chromium oxide green, etc.

7. Vehicle:
• Vehicle are liquid composite made of both voilatile(Ketones, Aromatics,
Aliphatics, etc) and non-volatile (Resin and additives) compounds.
• Vehicle are used as a carrier to carry pigments and form a films on the
required surfaces.
• Oils are important constituent in vehicle. These forms films as a result of
drying in the presence of air. Unsaturated oils like linseed, soybean, castor
oils are used as they can easily dried and forms paint films.
• Other flim forming materials includes resin, polymers like styrene butadiene
rubber, Polyvinyl acetate(PVA), etc.

8. Flow sheet:

9. Possible paint failures:
•Paint chalking: Progressive powdering of paint film
due to rapid oxidation of oil.
•Paint flaking: Poor attachment of paint to the surface.

10. • Paint alligatoring: Form of peeling in which centre portion of the section
starting to peel remains attached to the surface.
• Paint checking: Fine surface cracking.

11. Application of paint:-
Paints can be applied to a surface as a solid, a gaseous suspension, or a liquid.
•Solid: Paint is applied as a ver fine powder the baked at high temperature which
causes it to adhere to the surface of interest. This is also known as POWDER
COATING.
•Gas: Paint is suspended in solid or liquid form in a gas which is sprayed on the
surface. The paint sticks to the surface. This is also known as SPRAY
PAINTING.
•Liquid: Liquid paint can be applied by direct application on to the surface using
brushes, Paint rollers, blades, or body parts such as fingers and thumbs.

12. Paint Hazards:-
• Highly volatile compounds like Formaldehyde readily evaporates from paint
which is very harmful to who work with them.
• Exposure to this volatile compounds may lead to short term memory loss,
attention difficulty, hyperactivity, etc.
• Development of Zero VOC(Volatile Organic Compound) paints which have
less that 5 g/L of volatile compounds are developed to overcome the
disadvantages.

13. Types of paints:-

14. Top Paint Companies in India:-
Asian Paints.
Berger Paints India Ltd.
Nerolac Paints.
Dulux Paints.
Shalimar Paints.
British Paints.
Jenson & Nicholson Ltd.
Agsar Paints.
Showcem Paints.
Sheenlac Paints.

16. Thank you..!