The process in the scientific method involves making conjectures (hypotheses), deriving predictions from them as logical consequences, and then carrying out experiments or empirical observations based on those predictions

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Scientific Method
Abstract
There was a time when human beings (Homo sapein) faced some serious problems like
deadlier diseases(Tuberculosis,Pneumonia etc).These diseases put humanity into the danger.
Unfortunately a number of lives, we lost.There was no solution to these problems.At last some
brilliant people worked on these problems and saved humanity by Scientific Method.Scientific
method is ideas based method which leads to many successful achievements like cure of many
deadly disease.Here I tried my best to explain this method in simple words.
History
Scientific method is it self science so the history of science is also the history of scientific
method. Here we'll talk about some of the top earlier scientists which introduced this method.
1,Aristotle
Aristotle is recognized as father of scientific method because of his analysis of logical
implications.
2,Ibn al-Haytham
Haytham is considered as father of modren scientific method because of his emphasis on
experimental data and reproduction of results.
Entomology
The word science is derived from Latin which neans to know. Thus science is way to knowing
things. Their are some steps are mentioned which are used to know the solution of a problem.

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Observation
The first step is observation in which we observe some problems by seeing,hearing and
touching something.The scientist point out problem or question e.g Why is the sky blue? Now
scientists will try to understand this particular question.
Hypothesis
Hypothesis is a option given by a scientist while formulating a question.It can be defined as
"tentative explanation of observation".For example "taking excess of sugar lead to
diabetes".You see in this example scientist explain the question based upon some experimental
data.
Qualities of a Good Hypothesis
1,It should be simple.
2,It should be logical.
3,It should open door for further research.
4,It should be testable.
5,It should be rejectable.
It is not necessary that a hypothesis must be correct because mostly wrong hypothesis open
the door for further research.An hypothesis need prove your audience will must ask you about
your opnion.Formulting an hypothesis leads to the the theory.
There are two methods to made Hypothesis
1,Deductive Reasoning
It moves from genral to specific.
2,Inductive Reasoning
It moves from specific to genral.

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Example
Five persons are diagnosed with diabetes. Three of them use excess of sugar. The hypothesis
would be,
1,Taking excess of sugar cause diabetes.
2,Sugar is harmful for diabetic persons.
These examples show following point about hypothesis,
1,Hypothesis can be proved wrong or right with experments.
2,Single problem can have more then one or multiple hypothesises.
Experiment
Hypothesis 1, Taking excess of sugar can lead to diabetes. .
Hypothesis 2,Sugar is harmful for diabetic persons.
Predicted Result
Using sugar should cause diabetes Or dangerous for diabetics persons.
Experment , Some person will take sugar and we will check weather sugar cause diabetes or
not.
Result
Now suppose that using sugar not cause diabetes, but it is harmful for diabetics person.
Controlled Experiment
In a controlled experiment, the subjects are divided into two groups.Both of them are treated
equally except one individual which provides basis for the comparison.

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Theory
Now the above hypothesis will be tested by many experiments if it is not rejected by several
experiments then it'll become theory.
Example
The hypothesis "Sugar is harmful for diabetic persons", tested by several experiments and can't
be rejected by scientists and proved itself right.
Now this hypothesis is not a hypothesises it became a theory.Best the idea best would be the
theory. A theory can lead to a number of new facts and researchs e.g theory of relativity by
Einstein change the way we of our thinking.Many theories and researchs based on this theory
and in present time while I'm writing experiments are continue on this theory .It is one of the
successful theory in scientific history.
Sharing Data
Scientists who study different scientific problems and made hypothesis have to share their
research for further experiments.They share this by
1,Media Reporting
2,Publication of Research Papers
3,News Paper
4,Meetings
5,Seminars
6,Personal Chat
Different scientists will check each others data and propose new ideas.

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Scientific Law
Now like hypothesis the theory will also be tested "if a theory tested by many experiments and
can't be rejected by scientistsby proving itself right in every aspect then it'll become scientific
law. Scientific Laws are universal and they are same for everyone. They can't be rejected.
It is very very difficult for a theory to become a scientific law that's why in science there's
limited number of scientific laws here are some examples of scientific laws.
 Ohm's Law
 Newton's Law
 Avogadro's Law
 Mendal's Law
 Bernoulli Principal
These laws are familiar to everyone because as we discussed above that scientific laws are
universal.The main focus of scientific studies is to solving problems not creating problems
but nowadays some selfish people are using this for their own benefit which can be harmful
for us and for entire science.Because of them some people hate entire science for example
use of Atomic in energy is acceptable but for bombing or killing people it should never be
used. We should work on humanity's problems and make this planet peaceful and
comfortable for the entire humanity.
Karnal Qazafi