Early Middle Ages, Humanities

1.  The Germanic Tribes
 Self-sufficient
communities
 Nomadic peoples,
fighting was a way
of life
EARLY MIDDLE AGES
Why is Germanic Culture
differed dramatically from that
of Rome?

2. GERMANIC LITERATURE
 Beowulf (ca.700 C.E.)
Anglo-Saxons, Old English
First European monumental
literary composition.

3. GERMANIC LITERATURE
 The Song of the Nibelung
 Burgundian tribes, old
German
 1180 and 1210

4. FEUDAL-AGE LITERATURE
 Song of Roland (ca.
early 12th century)
 Frankish, Old French
The ideals of the
fighting in a feudal age
Antagonism between
Christians & Muslims

5. LANCELOT
 Chretien de
Troyes ca.
1170
 Knight in King
Arthur's court
 Guinevere
Rossetti, Lancelot in the Queen's Chamber, 1857

6. TROUBADOURS
 Compose and performed
poems
 devoted to courtly love,
chivalry, religion and politics.

7. THE AGE OF CHARLLEMAGNE
•8th century, united
Europe
•Restore the Roman
Empire

8. THE EMPIRE OF CHARLEMAGNE, 814.

9. THE MONASTIC COMPLEX
RECONSTRUCTED MODEL OF THE MONASTERY OF SAINT GALL,
SWITZERLAND

10. •A rebirth of
learning and
literacy.
•miniature of Christ in
Majesty from the
Aberdeen Bestiary
THE CAROLINGIAN RENAISSANCE
illuminatedmanuscript

11. SYMBOL OF ST. MATTHEW, FROM THE BOOK OF
DURROW, CA. 680
Lion, symbol of Mark, Book of
Durrow, ca. 660-680

12. THE MEDIEVAL BOOK
 prepared for and by
monks and clerics
rather than for
laypeople.

13. CHRIST ENTHRONED, FROM THE GODESCALC GOSPELS
781-83 TEMPERA ON VELLUM
Saint Mark, Godescalc Gospel
Lectionary 781-83

14. St. Matthew from
the Ebbo Gospels
830 CE
St. Matthew, from the
book of Charlemagne
(Coronation Gospels)
ca. 800-10

16. Page of text
from a
Carolingian
Gospel Book
written in
Carolingian
minuscule.

18. Geometric and
abstract designs
•X-P page
From the Lindisfarne
Gospel Book

19. The Lindisfarne
Gospels:
Gospel of St John the
Evangelist, initial page,
late 7th or early 8th
century.

20. A page from the Book
of Kells
Celtic-Germanic art
combined ornamental
interlacing patterns
with the animal style

21. Leaf from a
Qur'an
manuscript,
late 11th–12th
century
Iran or
Afghanistan
Buddhist: The Diamond Sutra, 868 c.e.
World’s earliest printed
book comes from China

22. BURIAL SHIP FROM OSEBERG, NORWAY,
CA.834, WOOD, 75' 6" LONG

23. ART OF THE MIDDLE AGES
• 89-foot-long ship served as a tomb
• 7th century Anglo-Saxon grave
• Sutton Hoo , eastern England

24. BURIAL MOUND AT SUTTON HOO IN ENGLAND

26.  Hinged clips, from the Sutton Hoo ship burial,
7th century, Gold with garnets and enamels,
5" long
Burial Mask

27. Art of the Middle Ages
Celtic-Germanic art combined ornamental
interlacing patterns with animal style

28. Lock for a purse makes use of garnets, glass, enamel,
and gold and was mounted on a slab of ivory.

29. Wood, stone were also
used in Celtic animal
style

30. SCULPTURE
 Gero crucifix, ca. 970, painted and gilded wood, height 6' 2",
Cologne Cathedral, Germany

31. VIRGIN OF ESSEN, CA. 980,
GOLD OVER WOOD, FILIGREE, AND GEMS, HEIGHT 29 1/2",
CATHEDRAL TREASURY, ESSEN, GERMANY

32. FEUDAL SOCIETY
 After Charlemagne‘s
death in 814 C.E.
 Military Nobility who
provided protection.
Matthew Paris (c. 1200-1259), Vassal Paying Homage to his Lord,
from the Westminster Psalter, ca. 1250.
.

33. INVADERS AND RAIDERS
Vikings
Huns
Neighboring Tribes
Vikings

34. NO STRONG CENTRAL GOVT.
 Lack of central government for protection
leads to rise of Feudalism.

35. manors

36. KNIGHTS VS SAMURAI

37. THE NORMAN CONQUEST
 In 1066,
England was
invaded by
Normans
•The Battle of Hastings
–Harold, King of England killed
–William of Normandy (William the Conqueror) takes
over.
codified feudalism

38.  1066 – Domesday Book for
purposes of fair tax collection.
 Why is it called the
'Domesday' Book?
Norman ship
William of Normandy

39. BAYEAUX TAPESTRY (11 CENTURY)
• was stitched to commemorate the Battle of
Hastings (the Norman conquest of
England)
It measures 230 feet long (70 meters) and 20 inches wide. It
was made to hang around the wall of a cathedral or castle.

40. An unusual
visual
record of
the
conquest
of England
by William
of
Normandy.
11 century

41. Named for
the city in
northwester
n France
where it was
made it is
still there
today.

42. 626
figures
190
horses
Over
500
other
animals

43. Created
in only 8
colors of
wool
yarn.

44. Bayeaux Tapestry

45. DEVELOPMENT OF THE NORMAN CASTLE

46. THE NORMAN CASTLE
 Dover Castle, Kent, England, 12th century. ©
English Heritage Photograph Library

47. THE TOWER OF LONDON
 The tower c.
1100

48. THE CRUSADES
 rescue Jerusalem
from the Muslims.
 younger sons of
nobility.
 economic boon
French knights under Louis IX besieging
Damietta, Egypt, 7th Crusade

49. BEYOND THE WEST: JAPAN
 The Birth of the Novel
 8th century
 Murasaki Shikibu (978-1016)
 world’s first novel, one of a
group of female writers.
 The Tale of Genji (1000)

50.  Niou
serenades
Nakanokimi
(detail from the
12th century
Genji
Monogatari
Emaki scroll).

51. BEYOND THE WEST: CHINA
 Tang (618-907 C.E.) and Song (960-
1279) Dynasty
 sophisticated urban culture -
population of one million.

52. Standing Court Lady, Tang dynasty, mid-seventh century. Pottery with painted
decoration, height 15 1/8 in.
TANG DYNASTY

53. Horse and Rider, Tang dynasty, early eighth century. Pottery with three-color
glaze and painted decoration, height 15 in.
TANG DYNASTY

54. Ru ware, bowl in the shape of a lotus, Northern Song
dynasty, twelfth century. Porcelain, height 4 in. National
Palace Museum, Taiwan.
SONG DYNASTY
 deeply
influenced
by
Confucian
traditions.

55. calculated simplicity

56. CHINESE LANDSCAPE PAINTING
A Solitary Temple Amid Clearing Peaks,
Northern Song Dynasty
Li Cheng (attrib.) (919-967), c. 940-967.
Hanging scroll, ink and slight color on silk,
ivory roller, 44 x 22".
The Tang and Song eras
• contemplative view of
nature, A feature they share
with Daoism and Buddhism.

58. Ma Yuan (c. 1160–1225), Apricot Blossoms, Song
dynasty. Fan mounted as an album leaf, ink and color
on silk, 10 x 10 3/4 in.
SONG DYNASTY

59. The End.

61. EARLY MEDIEVAL MUSIC
 Gregorian Chant : Anon., “Alleluya, vidimus
stellam”, in Dulci Jubilo, Alberto Turco,
conductor. In you books pg. 108.
 Islamic Call To Prayer: Islamic Call to Prayer
(Adhan), pg 116
 Troubadour Song: Ventadorn, “Quan vei la
lauzeta mover,” Unicorn Ensemble, Michel
Posch, conductor pg 135

65. ESSAY
 In what way does the story of Beowulf reflect
the Viking’s culture and believes?
 Also, in what way does the story of The Tale
of Genji reflect in Japanese culture?
 In what way does The Song of Roland best
capture the ideals of the fighting in a feudal
age?
 How does the story of Lancelot reflect in the
ideas of the code of courtly Love?

66. MANOR LIFE
SO WHERE DO THE PEOPLE LIVE?
 In Medieval Europe, people lived
on manors
self-sufficient communities consisting
of a castle, church, village and
surrounding farmlands.
Serfs work land and give part of their
crops to the local (land) lord, for
letting them farm the land.

70. WHAT IS FEUDALISM?
Feudalism: “loosely
organized system of
government in which
local lords governed
their own lands but
owed military service
and other support to a
greater lord.”

71. GERMANIC LITERATURE
 The Song of the
Nibelung (ca. early
13th century)
Burgundian tribes,
Old German

72. BIRTH OF ABRAHAM:
 Year 1948, b.c.e.
 A child who
professes
Monotheism and
refuses to adopt
the State
religion.

73. MUHAMMAD

74. FEUDALISM (POLITICAL SYSTEM)
SO WHO IS IN CHARGE?
 Each person had rights and
responsibilities
Higher lords

75. MARY MAGDALENE
•At the cross when Jesus died
•First to witness his resurrection.