Building envelop -It acts like a skin of the building which helps in making the inside environment healthier and safe from the outside environment. The envelop prevents the occupants and interior of the building from the weather conditions and other external elements

1. COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DIFFERENT
TYPE OF BUILDING ENVELOPE
CAPSTONE PROJECT
MSCP 600
SUBMITED BY
Karan Nagar
A13559018072
MBA- CPM

2. INTRODUCTION
 By the year 2030, more than 40 % of the Indian population
will be living in urban India the rate of shifting of the people
is very high. as in today's status, about 34% of the people
are living in urban India. The increase in demand is
expected is about 25 million additional affordable housing
According to a report “brick By brick”: moving towards
housing for all, by RICS ( Royal Institution of chartered
surveyors) and property consultant Knight Frank.
 The construction industry in India is growing at a rate of
10% as compared to world 5.2 % (as per Residential
Building in India: energy use Projection and saving
potential, India – Technical report)

3. INTRODUCTION
► If the trends go at the same pace and the same
practices will be followed the demand for energy will
be increase by 8 times in 2050 in residential building.
In India 29% of the energy is used by buildings out of
which about 69% is used by residential and about
31% is used by commercial buildings.

4. Building envelops
• It acts like a skin of the building which helps in making
the inside environment healthier and safe from the
outside environment. The envelop prevents the
occupants and interior of the building from the weather
conditions and other external elements..
• A building envelope design and material is selected on
the basic of the environment, functions, technological,
aesthetics.
• In a residential building about 43 % of the energy is
consume for heating and cooling load which can be
reduced up to 15 -20 % by change in design and
material .of the building envelop.
• of the building envelop.

5. LITERATURE REVIEW
S.no Research topic Name year
1 Thermal performance of building
envelops
Jatinder Kaur
et al
2017
2 Improving building envelop
performance with respect to thermal,
sound and lighting- A case study
Shahryar
Habibi
2019
3 An evaluation on energy efficient
building material
Verma tanuj et
al
2106
4 Examining the role of building
envelop for energy efficiency in India
Farheen bano 2106
5 Green building handbook for south
Africa
Jeremy
Gibbered
2009
6 Durability and performance of
building envelopes
Michael A.
Lacasse
2104
7 Comparative study of the traditional
and contemporary building envelops
Polat Hancer et
al
2019
8 A systemic review of the
prefabricated encloser wall panels
Romeu Vicente
et al
2017

6. METHODOLOGY
The research is based on the secondary data analysis mainly by
the outcomes of the literature review, research paper and case
studies. By the literature review it has come that the vast research
has been carried out on the building envelops over the period.
The basic study that are carried out are-;
► Comparison of different component of building.
► Study of different building envelop material,
► Thermal performance.
► Impact of climate and orientation on energy.
The reasons for the selection of the secondary Data analysis are-:
► Lesser amount of time available.
► Insufficient funds are available for experiment.
► No availability of the such building envelop in locality.
► Already enough research has been done on the topic.

7. CLIMATE AND ORIENTATION
Consumption of the energy by the
building also depends on the type of
the climate of the region. India acc to
ASHRAE >1 comes under climate
zone-1 Mostly hot, dry and humid all
around the year. The design and
material of the building must be choice
carefully in according to the climate so
that there is thermal comfort.
Orientation -It plays an important role
in design consideration of the building
envelop with regards to daylight, solar
radiation and wind. In acc to get the
best orientation the building should
receive maximum solar radiation in
winter and minimum in summer season

8. Components of building envelop
Walls – They are the dominating part of the building envelop and provides
the thermal and sound insulation to the indoor environment of the building.
The R value of the wall must be checked as it influences the energy
consumption. At first the wood wall, metal wall and masonry wall were
used but the advancement of the technology the precast wall, concrete
wall and other advanced material is used to decrease energy
consumption.
The various advancement has come in wall system –
Passive solar wall
Light weight concrete walls
Ventilate/ double skin wall
Phase change material
Doors and Windows/Fenestration- They are the opening in the building
which are provided to maintain the air flow and moisture control in the
building. It plays an important role in providing a comfort level in a
building. It is used to maintain the thermal conductivity U value.

9. Roofs-Roof is the part on a building envelop which is exposes to the solar
heat, water etc throughout the tear and large amount of energy is transfer
through the roof.
Types of roof can be used for energy conservation-
► Masonry roof
► Lightweight roof
► Ventilated roof
► Green roof
► Photovoltaic roof
► Thermal roof insulation system
Building envelop Maintenance-For the maintains of the building skin
about 30-40% of the total cost of the maintains of the building is spend on
it. by reviewing the component of it we can save the spending, Nature has
its own capacity on the man-made things, and which can’t be controlled by
the humans many times.

10. COMPARISON OF BUILDING
ENVELOP MATERIAL
The comparison of the solid concrete blocks, autoclaved Aerated concrete
blocks, fired clay fly ash block, fly ash -lime-Gypsum block and Fired clay
bricks on the basics of the following parameters is done.
► CO2 emission
► Thermal conductivity
► Embodied energy
Solid Concrete Blocks -(SCB)
Autoclaved aerated concrete blocks- (ACC)
Fly ash-lime -Gypsum Blocks -(FLGB)
Stabilized Mud Blocks -(SMB)
Fired clay Fly ash Bricks -(FFB)
Fired Clay bricks -(FCB)

11. Material size Volume in
M3 of the
block
Thermal
Conductivity
Embodied
energy
SCB 400*200*200 0.016 1.35 28.150
FLGB 230*115*75 0.00198375 .350 3.150
ACC 650*240*200 0.0312 .15 70.170
SMB 230*190*100 0.00437 .90 4.620
FFB 230*115*75 0.00198375 .50 5.010
FCB 230*115*75 0.00198375 10 4.560

12. COMPARISON OF THE EMBODIED ENERGY
FOR 1METER CUBE
material volume of the block embodied energy of the block embodied energy for1m3
SCB 0.016 28.15 1759.375
FLGB 0.00198375 3.15 1587.901701
AAC 0.0312 70.15 2249.0350
SMB 0.00437 0.9 205.9496568
FFB 0.00198375 0.5 252.0478891
FCB 0.00198375 1 504.0957782

13. Comparison of the CO2 emission
Material CO2 Emission (G/m2)
Production emission Transportation cost
SCB 30277 4808
FLGB 50051 5040
AAC 28137 7798
SMB 21544 4071
FFB 18693 9830
FCB 18698 8073

14. Cost comparison of the blocks
Material
Cost of one bock/brick in Rupee
SCB- Solid Concrete Blocks 30
FLGB- Fly ash-lime -Gypsum Blocks 9
AAC -Autoclaved aerated concrete blocks 60
SMB- Stabilized Mud Blocks 2
FFB -Fired fly ash bricks 4
FCB- Fired clay bricks 5.5

15. Conclusion & Recommendation
The component of the building envelops as discussed in the report such
as walls, window, door, glazing, frames and roof are the ones through
which transfer of the solar heat takes place. the need of using various
technique must be done such ventilated walls, passive walls, phase
change material walls and light weight concrete walls. In case of each
component the choice of the material design and technique should be
choice on the basics of the analysis of the climatic zone and orientation
so that the minimum requirement is fulfilled and no extra funds are spend.
The embodied energy of the ACC block and concrete block is very high as
they consume large amount of energy during the production process. The
highest CO2 emission is done by Fly ash lime gypsum block production.
And financially the cost of the ACC block is high, and the mud block have
lowest cost but the properties which ACC block have can’t be compared
with the mud or other block. each brick or block have it advantages and
disadvantage under different climate and design the properties of each
material is different hence deep research and analysis should be done in
choosing of the material

16. References
► A.lacasse, Michael. 2003. "durability and performance of building envelop." MRCC National
research council Canada.
► B.sadineni, Suresh. 2011. "Passive building energy saving." 15.
► deboucha sadek, hashim roslan 2011. 2011. "calculation of the embodied energy."
► environment, jt Gibberd CSIR built. January 2009. "building envelop." research gate.
► farheen bano, mohammad arif kamal. 2016. "examining the role of building envelop for
energy efficiency in office building in India." research papaer.
► goncalo Correia, Romeu Vicente,miguel Azenha. october 2017. "prefabricated wall panel
system." research gate 12.
► jatinder kaur, dr,prbhjot,dr sanjiv kumar aggarwal. 2016. "thermal performance of building
envelop." International journal of research and analytical review 7.
► kumar, gireendra. 2016. "design determinants of building envelop." research gate 8.
► Nayak, J.K and Prajapati. 2006. "Handbook on energy conscious building."
► noura ghabra, lucelia Rodrigues ,philip oldfield. 2017. "the impact of building envelop of
residential tall buildings in Saudi Arabia." international journal of low carbon technologies 9.

17. THANK YOU