Estimation of bridges and automations copy

ESTIMATION
OF
BRIDGES AND AUTOMATION
BY
Er. K.J.Anand, AMIE, MBA, Consultant
Kjanand2001@rediffmail.com
A VALUABLE JOURNEY
Contact-9204783656
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copy-150715041925-lva1-app6892-reupload.doc1

INDEX
Sr. No Chapter Page no
Introduction 2
A. Item Involved In Estimation 4
B. Estimate of Typical Bridge and Automation 14
C. Methodology for Estimate 15
D. Standard grade of concrete /steel for varios structure 16
E. Norms for Consumption of steel in kg/m3 of concrete 17

1. INTRODUCTION
Estimation of bridges is very important to find out the cost.Estimation of
Bridges is not only simple airthmatic calculation,but it needs concentrated
idea,imagination and also it involves trigonometrical calculations.
Estimation is varying on the basis of foundation.
commanly used foundation in india is as under.
I) Open foundation
II) Well foundation
III) Pile Foundatio
Estimation is also vary on the basis of superstructure.Commonly used
super structure in india is as under-
I) Solid slab
II) RCC T-beam girder
III) RCC Girder
IV) PSC Girder
V) Voided Girder/slab
VI) Steel Girder
VII) Cable stay

A. ITEMS INVOLVED IN ESTIMATION
Various items involved to estimate the bridges is attached here with except
cable stayed bridges. Commonoly Involved item is as under-
-lane divided Carriageway from - to - (Pkg. -I: km- to km -) of
VR/ODR/MDR/SH/NH-- in the State of –
ABSTRACT (Commonly used Item)
Item
No.
Description Unit
Total
Quantity
Rat
e
Amount
BRIDGES / UNDERPASSES / ROB'S
6.01 Earthwork in excavation of foundations
for structures complete as per drawings
and Technical Specifications Clause 304
including all leads and lifts.
Cum
(b) Providing and laying sand filling below
structure as per drawings and Technical
Specification Section Cum
6.02
Back filling behind abutments, wing
walls and return walls with selected
imported granular material of approved
quality, complete including all leads and
lifts as per drawings and Technical
Specifications Clause 305. Cum
6.03
Providing filter media behind
abutments, wing walls & return walls
with well packed material to specified
thickness with smaller size towards the
soil and bigger size towards the wall
complete with all leads and lifts as per
drawings and Technical Specifi Cum
6.04
Providing and laying plain cement
concrete, leveling course under the
bridge structure etc. including centering
and shuttering all complete but
excluding reinforcement as per
drawings and Technical Specification
Sections 1500, 1700 and 2100
(i) M-15 Grade in Levelling Course Cum

6.05
Providing and laying Reinforced
Cement Concrete in Foundation
complete excluding Reinforcement as
per Drawing and Technical
Specification Section 2100
M-35 Foundation Cum
6.06
Providing Bored cast-in-situ vertical
piles excluding steel reinforcement and
initial and routine tests complete as per
Section 1100 and 1700
M-35 Grade concrete (1200mm dia) Lm.
6.07
Providing Reinforced cement concrete
in pile caps excluding steel
reinforcement complete as per drawings
and Technical Specification Section
1100, 1500 and 1700
M -35 Grade Cum
6.08
Supplying , fabricating and fixing in
position mild steel cutting edge with MS
anchoraches including welding, splicing
and making provisions for the fixing of
reinforcements of well curb as per
approved drawing and Technical
Specification Section 1200 and
T
6.09
Cement concrete for plain concrete/
Reinforced cement concrete complete
excluding reinforcement as per drawing
and Technical Specification Clauses
1200,1500 and 1700.
i) Well curb Cum
M-35 Grade
ii) Well steining Cum
M-35 Grade
iii) Well Cap Cum
M-35 Grade
iv) Intermediate plug Cum
M-25 Grade

v) Bottom plug Cum
M-25 Grade
6.10
Sinking of wells through all types of
soils (other than pneumatic method of
sinking) complete as per drawing and
Technical Specifications Clause 1200.
7.00 m dia well LM.
Depth upto 3.00m
Depth 3.00m to 10.00m
8.00 m dia well Lm.
Depth upto 3.00m
9.0 m dia well Lm
Depth upto 3.00m
6.11
Sand filling in wells as per drawings
and Technical Specifications Clause
1209. Cum

6.12
Plain Cement Concrete/ Reinforced
Cement Concrete for substructure
complete excluding reinforcement as
per drawings and Technical
Specifications Sections 1500, 1700 and
2200.
M-35 grade Cum
6.13
Providing and laying Reinforced
Cement Concrete in superstructure
complete excluding reinforcement as
Specifications Section 1500, 1700 and
2300
M-35 RCC Slab Cum
M-35 RCC Beam
M-45 RCC Slab
M-45 RCC Beam
M-50 RCC Beam
M-50 RCC Slab
6.14
Prestressed cement concrete in
superstructure complete excluding
reinforcement as per drawings and
Technical Specifications Sections 1500,
1700, 1800 and 2300.
M - 50 PSC Girder Cum
M - 45 PSC Girder / T Beam /
Slab Cum
M - 50 T Beam / Slab Cum
M - 45 PSC Box Cum
M - 35 PSC Box Cum
6.15
Supplying and placing in position void
formers complete as per drawing and
Additional Technical Specifications
Clause A2
500 mm dia Lm
650 mm dia
6.16
Providing & fixing in position
thermomechanically treated (TMT) Fe
500 grade reinforcement bars in
foundations, substructures,
superstructure etc. complete as per
drawings and Technical Specifications
Section 1600 or as directed by Engineer. T

6.16
(b)
Providing Structural Steel for Girder
Confirming to IS:2063 T
6.17
Providing high tensile steel strands
including all accessories for stressing
and jacking operations and grouting etc.
complete as per drawings and Technical
Specifications Section - 1800.
T
6.18
Providing and laying in position 65mm
thick wearing course consisting of
50mm thick asphalitic concerete laid in
two layers of 25mm each over 15mm
thick mastic asphalt as per drawings and
Technical Specifications Section 500
Sqm
6.19
Providing and fixing drainage spouts as
Specifications Clause 2705. Nr.
6.20
Supplying and fixing of bearings
Specifications Section 2000.
Elastomeric Bearings
Cucm
1
5
0
Tar Paper Bearing Sqm
POT cum PTFE bearings
a) Free Sliding POT Cum PTFE Nr.
120 T capacity vertical
b) Guided Sliding POT Cum PTFE Nr.

130 T Vertical
131 T Vertical
137 T Vertical
144 T Vertical
168 T Vertical
170 T Vertical
186 T Vertical
192 T Vertical
203T Vertical
204 T Vertical
225 T Vertical
240 T Vertical
242 T Vertical
275 T Vertical
c) POT Fixed Bearing
130 T Vertical Nr.
131 T Vertical
137 T Vertical
168 T Vertical
186 T Vertical
200 T Vertical
204 T Vertical
d) Metalic Guided
38 T capacity horizontal
e) Pin Bearing
6.21
Supplying and fixing of expansion
joints complete as per drawings and
Technical Specifications Section 2600.
Filler Type Lm
i) 40mm Strip seal type Lm
ii) 50mm Strip seal type Lm.
ii) 75mm Strip seal type Lm.

6.22
Reinforced Cement Concrete crash
barrier complete excluding
reinforcement as per drawings and
Technical Specifications Sections 1500,
1600, 1700, 2200 and Clause 2703 and
809.
M-40 Grade
Cum
6.23
Reinforced Cement Concrete railing
complete including reinforcement as per
drawings and Technical Speciffications
Section 1500, 1600, 1700 and 2700
M-30 Grade
Lm
6.24
Reinforced Cement Concrete in
approach slabs including reinforcement
Specifications Sections 1500, 1600,
1700 and Clause 2704.
M-30 grade Cum
6.25
Providing boulder apron complete as
Specifications Section 2500. Cum
6.26
Providing and laying filter material
underneath stone boulder pitching on
slopes complete as per drawings and
Technical Specifications Section 2500.
Cum
6.27
Providing and laying stone boulder
pitching on slops complete as per
Section 2500
Cum
6.28
Providing cement concrete flooring M-
15 for bed protection complete as per
Section 2500
M-15 Grade Cum
6.29
Providing cement concrete flooring M-
20 for bed protection complete as per
Section 2500

M-20 Grade Cum
6.30
Providing weep holes in abutments,
wing walls, retaining walls, return walls
etc. complete as per drawings and
Technical Specifications Clause 2706.
Nr.
6.31
Carry out confirmatory bores upto
required depths at each foundation
location of bridge complete in all
respects including testing as per
Technical Specifications Section of the
results as per IRC : 78-1981.
For Abutment Lm
Depth 0 to 10.00 m
Depth 10 - 20.00 m
Depth 20 - 30 m
Depth 30 - 40 m
Depth 40 - 50 m
Depth 50 - 60 m
6.32
Painting of Bridge no. and span
arrangement as per IRC 7: 1971
drawings and direction of the Engineer. Nr.
6.33
Providing and painting of flood gauge
on substructure in full height and 500
mm width as per the directions of the
Engineer. Lm
6.34
Carrying out initial Load tests both
Vertical and lateral on bored piles
including cost of installation, RCC
grade M-35 boring arranging
knetledge / anchor piles and all testing
equipments, accessories etc, complete
excluding reinforcement as per
drawings
Nr.

6.35
Providing exposed concrete surfaces of
the Bridge as per Specification with
approved protecting paint, compristing
of acrylic elastomeric coating system as
per IRC SP - 80.
Sqm
Repair and Rehabitation
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
1.0
General cleaning, removal of debris and
vegetable growth from and around the
bridge structure as per Technical
Specifications Clause 201
m2
2.0
Restoration of slopes and repairs of
stone pitching around abutments
complete and as per directions of the
Engineer & Technical Specification
Clause 2500
m3
3.0
Providing stone garlanding with wire
crated boulders around piers
m3
4.0
Repair of damaged concrete due to
spalling , honey combing, scaling,
leaching and exposed reinforcement by
epoxy concrete/epoxy injection in
superstructure as per Technical
specification section 2800 along with
bonding coat between new & old
concrete.
m3
5.0
Cleaning of substructure / superstructure
surface by sandblasting and applying
protective paint on all exposed honey
combed surfaces as per direction of the
Engineer.
m2
(a) On concrete surface m2
6.0
Cleaning exposed reinforcement by
sand blasting and treating with anti
corrossive paint.
m2
7.0
Cleaning steel bearings by sand blasting
and treating with anti corrossive paint.
No.

8.0
Providing 65 mm thick AC wearing
coat alongwith providing profile
corrective course as per Technical
specifications
m2
9.0 Provide and fixing m
a.RCC handrails on existing road kerbs
as replacement of broken
railing/panels/parapets after required
repair and modification of kerb m
10.0
Modification of existing drainage spouts
OR providing new drainage spouts as
per Technical specification section
2700.
No.
a.Cleaning of Drainage Spout
11.0
Cleaning of Expansion gap for bridges
and providing filler material in the same
No.
12.0
Providing Strip seal expansion joint as
per Technical Specification.
m
13.0
Providing missing strip seal for Strip
seal expansion joint as per Technical
Specification.
m
14.0
Repair to damaged concrete in
abutmets, piers and wing walls etc.
No.
15.0
Providing Bridge Number Plate as per
Technical Specification.
No.

B. Estimate of Typical Bridges and Automation-
It is not easy task to reach a suitable automation ,but to reduce the time of
estimate,Here some typical estimate is prepared with excel
formulae(Automation technique) and categorised the bridges as under:-
1.Box cell structure Bridges (Ex-1,NH-73,80+683)
2.Open Foundation with Solid slab (Ex-2,NH-73,81+750)
3.Open Foundation with RCC Girder(Ex-3,NH-47,531.62)
4.Open foundation with Psc girder(Ex-4,NH-47,494.915)
5.Open foundation with PSC voided slab(Ex-5,NH-47,505.545)
6.Open foundation with RCC voided slab(Ex-5,NH-47,526.56)
7.Well foundation with RCC girder(Ex-6,NH-47,505.545)
8.Well Foundation with PSC girder(Ex-7,NH-47,480.115)
9.Well foundation with voided slab(Ex-8,NH-47,18+159)
10.Well foundation with steel Girder(Ex-9,NH-47,480.115)
11.Pile foundation with RCC/PSC girder(Ex-10,
12.pile foundation with PSC girder(Ex-11,NH-73,78/886)
13.Pile foundation with voided slab(Ex-12,NH-47,480.410)
14.Pile foundation with steel girder(Ex-13,NH-47,534+090)
15.Underpasses ,BOX(Ex-14,NH-173,179/285)
16.cattle underpass,Box(Ex-15,NH-173,179/285)
17.Pedestarian Underpass(Ex-16,NH-173,179/285)
18.ROB(with pile foundation)-(Ex-17,NH-73,88+690)
19.Flyover with pile foundation(Ex-18,NH-73,168+977)
20.Elevated Highway with pile(Ex-19,NH-47,468.87 to 470.560)
On the basis of this typical estimate,it is convenient to
estimate the all types of bridges Except(cable stayed),which is not included
in this typical estimate.

C. Methodology for estimate-
i)Each item have formulae.
ii)Fill the actual data as per drawing in Number,Length,Breadth and
Height.
iii)Result of all calculation with automatically reached.
Some separate sheet is also attached for particular structure such as:-
a. well curb/well
b. PSC/RCC Box Girder
c. PSC/RCC voided slab.
d. steel girder.

D.Standard grade of concrete/steel for various structure-
Grade of concrete generally based on the design of the structure,but
normally following grade of concrete is used for the following structure.-
1.Foundation-
a.Levelling -M-15
b.Foundation -M-35
2.Piles(bored in situ) M-35
3.Pile Cap M-35
4.Well Curb M-35
5.Well Steining M-35
6.Bottam/intermediate plug M-25
7.Substructure M-35
8.Super structure M-35
9.Crash barrier M-30
10.Bed protection M-15,M-20
Normally TMT Bar is used in concrete work and Fe-
500 is used for steel structure.

E. NORMS FOR CONSUMPTION ON OF STEEL IN kg/m3
OF CONCRETE-
particular As per
design
1st
study
Upto
zone-3
2nd
study
Upto
zone-3
3rd
study
Upto
zone-3
4th
study
Upto
zone
-5
Recom
For
Upto
zone-3
Recom.
Zone
4,5and
Snow
load
Present
practice
1.Super structure
i)Rcc solid slab 125 122 130 130 145 130
ii)Rcc voided slab 180 190 200 180 200 130
iii)Rcc T-beam slab 180 162 180 180 200 130
iv)RccBox 225 180 200 130
v)Psc voided slab 162/137 133/130 170/140 140 160/135 180/35 130/35
vi)psc T-beam slab 150/30 155/35 160/35 155/37 160/35 180/35 130/35
vii)Psc box/girder>40 146/28 155/35 160/49 155/55 180 160/50 160/50 130/40
2.Pier & pier cap
i)Wall type 65 80 194 80 100 90
ii)Circular/square 170 185 200 180 220 90
3.Abutment and wing
wall
i)wall type 130 130 190 130 190 90
4.Foundation
i)Open 60 80 100 90
ii)pile foundation 100 60/70 80 100 80
iii)pile cap 50 115 120 150 130
5.Well foundation –
pier/abutment
i)curb 90 92 90 90 75
ii)steining 30 37 30 50 30
iii)cap 100 170 110 185 120
6.Misc
Crash barrier
170 170 110 185 120
RE wall 100
Cutting edge(kg/m) 100 91 100 100 -
7.Box(underpas/subway)

Rate-
Generally rate should be calculated by standard data book,someitem market rate should also
be taken.
Standard data sheet is attached .
Methodology-
Fill the basic rate ,software is ready to calculate the all item .
Abstract of cost-
The cost of some project generally taken for east,west,south anr north for early and rough
calculation.Sheet is attached.
Summary and Findings-
To collection of all above data estimation of Bridge will become easy and convenient to the
new estimator to utilise this typical example and suitable excel software.major problem at the
time of estimation that suitable item should be forgotten.Above details will make easy to
estimate any type of bridges in proper manner and systematically.It will also reduce the
time.maximum output may be achieved to utilise this details and automation Techniques.

Estimation of bridges and automations copy

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