CPR involves chest compressions and artificial ventilation to revive cardiac arrest victims. If an unresponsive victim is not breathing and has no pulse, immediately start CPR. Most cardiac arrests are caused by ventricular fibrillation, an irregular heartbeat. For CPR, give 30 chest compressions followed by 2 breaths in a cycle, repeating for 5 cycles. Use an AED to check for shockable rhythms like ventricular fibrillation and deliver shocks as instructed. Continue CPR until emergency services take over or the victim starts breathing and has a pulse.

1. Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation
CPR
BASIC LIFE SUPPORT

2. Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation
(CPR)
 CPR is Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation- the use
of chest compressions and artificial ventilation to
revive a cardiac arrest victim from apparent death
or from unconsciousness.
 If the victim is unresponsive, not breathing and
does not have a pulse, immediately start CPR.

3. Ventricular Fibrillation
 Most cardiac arrests are caused by ventricular
fibrillation (V-fib), which is a problem with the
irregular rate or rhythm of the heartbeat.
 During an arrhythmia, the heart can beat too fast, too
slow, or with an irregular rhythm.

4. Cardiac Arrest
 On construction sites cardiac arrests is caused
mainly by electrocution.
 Check to see if the victim is breathing.

5. Moving the Victim
 Do not move the victim if he has a neck
or back injury.
 Only move the victim if he is in a dangerous
environment (such as a fire) or lying in water.
 or if effective CPR cannot be performed in the
victim’s present position.

6. Check the Victim
 Make sure that you, the victim and bystanders are
safe.
 Ask if the victim is alright.

7.  To activate the emergency response system
means to call for help.
 Get the Automatic External Defibrillator (AED).
Activate the Emergency Response
System.

8. Agonal respiration or Agonal
breathing
 Agonal gasping is an abnormal pattern
of breathing caused by cardiac arrest and
characterized by gasping noisy breathing.
 CPR must be start and continue.

9. Agonal gasping
 Agonal gasping is not normal breathing.
 Activate the emergency response system.
 If you do not definitely feel a pulse within 10
seconds CPR must be started immediately.

10. Check for Pulse
 Do not take more than 10 seconds to check for a
pulse , start chest compressions (CPR)
immediately.

11. Perform Compressions (30:2)
 For every cycle, after every thirty chest
compressions give two breaths. (30:2)
 5 cycles of compressions and breaths.

12. Chest Compressions
 Chest compression in adult CPR is at a rate of
100/min.
 Take less than 10 sec between last compression of
one cycle and first compression of next cycle.

13. Chest rise
 When giving CPR deliver breath to the victim in
1 second.
Seeing the chest rise up and down means the
victim is getting good breaths.

14. Good Quality CPR
 Compression depth in adults is 4 to 5 cm.
 Complete chest recoil of the chest.
 Less than 10 sec between compression cycles.

15. Two-Rescuer Team CPR
 In two persons CPR, the rescuers should
change roles after about 5 cycles.

16. Two-Rescuer Team CPR
 The rescuers must switch roles taking
less than 5 seconds to switch.

17. Automated External Defibrillator
(AED)
 An automated external defibrillator (AED) is a
portable electronic device that automatically
checks for ventricular fibrillation.

18. Adult AED
 Choose adult pads for victims 8 years and
older.

19. Using an AED
 Do not use an AED if the victim is lying
in water. Move the victim out of the
water.
 If there is water on the victim’s chest
wipe it off.

20. AED on hairy chest
 If AED attached to a hairy chest, prompt to
check pads, then quickly pull off the pads,
removing hairs.
 If prompts continue, remove hairs with a razor.

21. Implanted Medical Devices
Do not place the AED pad directly above an
implanted medical device, like a pacemaker.
The device may block delivery of the electric
shock to the heart.

22. No Shock
If “NO SHOCK” is indicated by the AED
start CPR again immediately.