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Behavior therapy
- 3. A response of an individual or group to an action, environment, person, or stimulus.
- 4. All behavior is learned and can be unlearned through experimentally established social principles of learning.
- 5. NATURE OF HUMAN BEINGS Not inherently or instinctually good or bad Learn to continue performing behaviors that are rewarded and discontinue behaviors that are punished or ignored Can unlearn behaviors
- 6. KEY CONCEPTS: Behavior therapy is based on the principles and procedures of the scientific method Behavior therapy deals with the client’s current problems and the factors influencing them Behavior is not limited to overt actions a person engages in that we can observe ; behavior also includes internal processes such as cognitions, images, beliefs and emotions. Clients involved in behavior therapy are expected to assume an active role by engaging in specific actions to deal with their problems.
- 7. Sources of Difficulties Learned behaviors not adaptive to the situation Performed behaviors inimical to one’s own development and/or harmful to other people
- 8. GOALS General Goal Categories of Goals Criteria for Goals Modify inappropriate or undesirable behavior Elimination of maladaptive behavior Development of new behavior Strengthening new behavior Maintaining new behavior Modifying behavior accompanying strong emotions Specifically identified and operationally defined Pertinent to desired change Attainable Measurable and observable progress Desired by client Acceptable to the counselor/therapist
- 9. MAJOR FOCUS •Current maladaptive behavior -Occuring with sufficient frequency -Deterring self- development -Harmful to self or third party * Environmental situations that may be perpetuating the maladaptive behavior
- 10. Maladaptive behavior • refer to types of behaviors that inhibit a person’s ability to adjust to particular situations. This type of behavior is often used to reduce one’s anxiety, but the result is dysfunctional and non-productive
- 11. Maladaptive behavior • . For example, avoiding situations because you have unrealistic fears may initially reduce your anxiety, but it is non-productive in alleviating the actual problem in the long term.
- 12. Role of the Counselor/ Therapist • Act as an expert on a variety of techniques to handle different types of behavioral manifestations • Prescribe appropriate ways of dealing with the person with maladaptive behavior
- 13. • Introduce the practice of behavior therapy by short didactic presentation until fully understood by the client • Follow up to ensure that behavior assignments are performed by client and significant others until the maladaptive behavior is completely eliminated and the desired behavior maintained
- 14. Counselor/Therapist Characteristics and Competencies •In dealing with the client -objective - non-judgemental - firm -assuring and reinforcing client progress -patient and encouraging with client failure *in dealing with the process -Knowledgeable - diligent - conscientious - alert - flexible - daring -authoritative
- 16. TECHNIQUES GOAL: To eliminate maladaptive behavior •Extinction and positive reinforcement •Satiation •Incompatible Alternative Principle •Negative Reinforcement GOAL: To develop new behavior •Social Modeling •Successive Approximation •Cueing •Discrimination