Using AI and VR to Enhance Clinical Education
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The document discusses the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR) in clinical education. It provides examples of how VR can be used for anatomy learning, patient case simulations, and physical therapy skills training. Studies show that while VR increases a student's sense of presence, it does not necessarily improve learning compared to traditional methods. VR works best when it allows for deliberate practice with specific feedback. The document also discusses how AI could serve as a cognitive partner to guide students' clinical decision making. Overall, the key takeaways are that education technologies like VR and AI can enhance learning if they are designed based on principles from the learning sciences and allow for skills practice with feedback.
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Using AI and VR to Enhance Clinical Education
- 1. What's New and How We Use it Well in Clinical Education: Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Reality Janet Corral, PhD Associate Dean of Medical Education Professor, Medicine University of Nevada Reno
- 2. What do you most hope to get out of today’s session?
- 3. Take-home messages To impact learning outcomes, we must apply principles from the learning sciences The law of shiny objects will lead education astray AI and VR offer great tools – if we design well for their use
- 4. Evidence-based design is imperative for VR to impact learning VIRTUAL REALITY Example 1
- 6. PerSim
- 7. Two Types of VR
- 8. TheVoid.com
- 10. Where does VR fit? Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy (2001)
- 15. By Embodied Labs
- 18. Your Turn Where on Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy would you place: 1. Anatomy VR (with flash cards) 2. Patient Case VR (with case feedback)
- 20. What aspects of VR impact learning?
- 21. Codd, A. M., & Choudhury, B. (2011). Virtual reality anatomy: Is it comparable with traditional methods in the teaching of human forearm musculoskeletal anatomy?. Anatomical sciences education, 4(3), 119-125. VR vs Traditional Dissection 7.25/10 6.87/10 P > 0.5
- 23. Clark, R. E. (1983). Reconsidering research on learning from media. Review of Educational Research, 53(4), 445–459. Kozma, R. (1991). Learning with media. Review of Educational Research, 61(2), 179–212. Kozma, R. B. (1994). Will media influence learning? Reframing the debate. Educational technology research and development, 42(2), 7-19.
- 24. Moro, C., Štromberga, Z., Raikos, A., & Stirling, A. (2017). The effectiveness of virtual and augmented reality in health sciences and medical anatomy. Anatomical sciences education, 10(6), 549- 559.
- 25. Parong, J., & Mayer, R. E. (2018). Learning science in immersive virtual reality. Journal of Educational Psychology, 110(6), 785.
- 26. Parong, J., & Mayer, R. E. (2018). Learning science in immersive virtual reality. Journal of Educational Psychology, 110(6), 785.
- 27. Parong, J., & Mayer, R. E. (2018). Learning science in immersive virtual reality. Journal of Educational Psychology, 110(6), 785.
- 28. Makransky, Terkildsen, & Mayer (2019). Adding immersive virtual reality to a science lab simulation causes more presence but less learning. Learning and Instruction 60: 225-236 Do students learn better with VR or screens?
- 29. Makransky, Terkildsen, & Mayer (2019). Adding immersive virtual reality to a science lab simulation causes more presence but less learning. Learning and Instruction 60: 225-236 Do students learn better with VR or screens? Students are more present (d = 1.30) Students learned less (d = 0.80) Students had significantly higher cognitive load based on the EEG measure (d = 0.59)
- 30. Your Turn What do these studies tell you about ‘what works’ for learning with VR? Take 5 minutes to discuss with a new person near you
- 31. Ericsson, 2006 Mastery is improved with specific, timely feedback
- 32. How can PT assessments with SPs be done reliably for 68 learners? A Doctor of Physical Therapy Story
- 33. VR project: Assess Patient Sit-to-Stand (STS)
- 34. Using VR: Deliberate practice Judd DL, Kelly B, Corral J. (2019) Virtual Reality in a Doctor of Physical Therapy Curriculum. Platform presentation at the APTA Educational Leadership Conference, Bellevue, WA. October 2019
- 35. “I can look in different areas each time I play the animation” Student Feedback “What I liked best was that I didn’t feel bad asking my patient to stand up and sit down as many times as I needed to see everything.” “I didn’t feel bad saying my thoughts out loud about what I’m seeing and being wrong when I’m in front of a patient or peer” “At times I wanted to reach out and palpate, but couldn’t….” Judd DL, Kelly B, Corral J. (2019) Virtual Reality in a Doctor of Physical Therapy Curriculum. Platform presentation at the APTA Educational Leadership Conference, Bellevue, WA. October 2019
- 36. Student Feedback: Should VR replace face-face training? Costs could further stratify students based on socioeconomic status Velev 2017, Iserson 2018 Nearly 90% of students in our study say they wouldn’t want to replace face- face training with VR VR lacks face- face interactions and hands- on experience VR in the study focuses on technical aspects over clinical decision making Overconfidence Judd DL, Kelly B, Corral J. (2019) Virtual Reality in a Doctor of Physical Therapy Curriculum. Platform presentation at the APTA Educational Leadership Conference, Bellevue, WA. October 2019
- 37. VR as Pre-SP or Pre-Patient Deliberate Practice
- 38. Your Turn! How might thoughtful VR enhance education? Take 2 minutes to discuss on the microphone
- 39. Performance analytics: • Decisions • Dosages • Sequence of directions given • Time • Professionalism Source: https://healthscholars.com/acls/ Virtual Reality Assessment for Learning
- 40. Virtual Reality May Guide Future Encounters
- 41. Your Turn! Where would you fit VR in the simulation continuum? Take 2 minutes to discuss on the microphone or chat
- 42. Example 3 Artificial Intelligence as a Cognitive Partner
- 68. Take-home messages To impact learning outcomes, we must apply principles from the learning sciences The law of shiny objects will lead education astray AI and VR offer great tools – if we design well for their use
- 69. Closing Reflection Take 2 minutes to: 1. Note 1 lesson from today you will implement in your own portfolio 2. Create two calendar reminders for 2 weeks and 4 weeks from now to reflect on implementing #1
- 70. Be The Change
Editor's Notes
- In the landscape of VR, tech gone up, cost gone down Ie- anatomy apps that are functional “fancy show and tell” This is how our VR can set learners apart Top of blooms taxonomy- higher that “knowledge”, for training and for top 1% students Virtual Reality (VR) is the use of computer technology to create a simulated environment, uniquely, VR places the user inside an experience. Instead of viewing a screen in front of them, users are immersed and able to interact with 3D worlds. Economic efficiency- common head sets, especially for assessments Like computer lab; Infrastructure investment if we want to do this well A few things we already know about VR Technology improving while cost is declining VR should be seen on a continuum of learning technologies to create immersive learning experiences and/or assessment experiences. Technology is becoming more common, and its cost is decreasing. Could follow the familiar trajectory of so many other technologies on campus like laptop computers, mobile devices/tablets, smartphones. Once upon a time, mobile devices were the subject of special projects to evaluate their use cases on campus, now they are commonplace- (i.e. all of my students routinely use only devices to take notes, plan assignments, communicate with me, and submit assignments. Estimated that 4% of students have access to XR technology, but decreasing costs and create ways to bring the technology to campus may change that. My experience so far with VR has: Through working on the project, opening doors to how things are taught and can be taught differently- moving away from lecture model, where students are just listening and taking notes It got me thinking of more active ways to learn and teach Expanded boundaries of classroom, expanded where and when learning can take place Increased my productivity as a faculty member by exploring a new line of research 1 grant, 3 conference presentations, 2 papers in process Talk today about how VR can effect education at Anschutz, what we learned from the students who have used the VR, and how we can think about moving VR project forward
- Seo Traning by Symbolon from the Noun Project
- people by asianson.design from the Noun Project
- But maybe post-test of knowledge isn’t the best metric.
- Virtual Reality by AB Designs from the Noun Project 3D Modelling by Vectors Market from the Noun Project
- Virtual Reality by AB Designs from the Noun Project 3D Modelling by Vectors Market from the Noun Project
- people by asianson.design from the Noun Project
- Talking points: Reasoning done aloud She does nicely moving around patient She’s comfortable with using the equipment, and she readily replays the animation to see it over and over again to do her analysis
- Overall, received favorably by students: All students agreed that animations were realistic enough to study human movement 85% on checklist used to identify behaviors of movement observation All but 2 students either disagreed or strongly disagreed that VR could replace face-face training and simulation Student quotes from original study Student social media posts from practice lab this week; one posted to the CUPT Instagram account
- Literature regrading nursing students echoed the same idea- many of their participants noted that VR should not replace traditional face-to-face lab or simulation opportunities
- Seo Traning by Symbolon from the Noun Project
- Need to explain EPA b/c Family medicine hasn’t done EPAs yet. PGME specialities very aware of EPAs. Tina – will engage – sociologist M – entrustment researcher MD CBME evidence is still being built – this is a naturalist experiment The reliability and validity and robustness is not the same as what Starbucks has to set up stores, but we are making decisions about someone who will care for people’s lives
- In the landscape of VR, tech gone up, cost gone down Ie- anatomy apps that are functional “fancy show and tell” This is how our VR can set learners apart Top of blooms taxonomy- higher that “knowledge”, for training and for top 1% students Virtual Reality (VR) is the use of computer technology to create a simulated environment, uniquely, VR places the user inside an experience. Instead of viewing a screen in front of them, users are immersed and able to interact with 3D worlds. Economic efficiency- common head sets, especially for assessments Like computer lab; Infrastructure investment if we want to do this well A few things we already know about VR Technology improving while cost is declining VR should be seen on a continuum of learning technologies to create immersive learning experiences and/or assessment experiences. Technology is becoming more common, and its cost is decreasing. Could follow the familiar trajectory of so many other technologies on campus like laptop computers, mobile devices/tablets, smartphones. Once upon a time, mobile devices were the subject of special projects to evaluate their use cases on campus, now they are commonplace- (i.e. all of my students routinely use only devices to take notes, plan assignments, communicate with me, and submit assignments. Estimated that 4% of students have access to XR technology, but decreasing costs and create ways to bring the technology to campus may change that. My experience so far with VR has: Through working on the project, opening doors to how things are taught and can be taught differently- moving away from lecture model, where students are just listening and taking notes It got me thinking of more active ways to learn and teach Expanded boundaries of classroom, expanded where and when learning can take place Increased my productivity as a faculty member by exploring a new line of research 1 grant, 3 conference presentations, 2 papers in process Talk today about how VR can effect education at Anschutz, what we learned from the students who have used the VR, and how we can think about moving VR project forward