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1. Discussant:
JOHNNY CARL D. DULALIA
ED101 Philosophy of Education

2. CODE OF CONDUCT
SOURCE OF LIFE

4. “Education breeds confidence. Confidence
breeds hope. Hope breeds peace. “
“By three methods we may learn wisdom:
First, by reflection, which is the noblest;
second, by imitation, which is easiest; and
third by experience, which is the bitterest.”
“The essence of knowledge is, having it, to
apply it; not having it, to confess your
ignorance.”

5. “Acquire new knowledge whilst thinking over
the old, and you may become a teacher of
others.”
“Learn as though you would never be able to
master it; hold it as though you would be in fear
of losing it.”
“Every truth has four corners: as a teacher I give
you one corner, and it is for you to find the other
three.”
“Knowledge is recognizing what you know and
what you don’t.”

6. Confucianism is often characterized as a system
of social and ethical philosophy rather than a
religion.
It was what sociologist Robert Bellah called a
"civil religion," the sense of religious identity and
common moral understanding at the foundation
of a society's central institutions
Chinese sociologist called a "diffused religion"; its
institutions were not a separate church, but those
of society, family, school, and state; its priests
were not separate liturgical specialists, but
parents, teachers, and officials.
CONFUCIANISM

7. CONFUCIANISM

8. CONFUCIANISM

9. Benevolence — 仁 (ren)
“is an act of kindness towards ourselves and
others without expecting to get anything in
return.”
“wishing to be established himself, seeks also
to establish others; wishing to be enlarged
himself, he seeks also to enlarge others.”
“Benevolence is not far off, for those seek it
has already found it.”
“Benevolence is the characteristic element of
humanity.”

10. Righteousness — 義 (yi)
means justice, moral and have the ability to choose to act
rightfully in any given situation.
involves a moral disposition to do good, and also the intuition
and sensibility to do so competently.
A behavior of righteousness goes beyond simple rule-following
and involves a balanced understanding of a situation, and the
“creative insights” necessary to apply virtues “with no loss of
sight of the total good”
“If there is righteousness in the heart, there will be beauty in the
character. If there is beauty in the character, there will be
harmony in the home. If there is harmony in the home, there will
be order in the nations. When there is order in the nations, there
will peace in the world.”

11. Trustworthiness — 信 (xin)
This means if you are trustworthy, others will be more likely to
rely upon you.
Confucius said “trustworthiness is superior to strength, ability to
flatter, or eloquence” He further explained that trustworthiness
was superior to either food or weapons, concluding: “If the
people do not find the ruler trustworthy, the state will not
stand.”
“At home, a young man should be a good son, when outside he
should treat others like his brothers, his behavior should be one
of trustworthy and proper, and should love the multitude at
large and keep himself close to people of benevolence and
morality. If after all these activities, he has any energy to spare,
he should read widely to stay cultivated." — Confucius

12. Propriety — 禮(li)
Propriety means politeness or the quality of conforming to
conventionally accepted standards of behavior or morals.
The teachings of Propriety promoted ideals such as filial piety
(the important virtue and primary duty of respect, obedience,
and care for your parents and other family members),
brotherliness, good faith, and loyalty.
Propriety involves the superior treating the inferior with
politeness and respect. As Confucius said “a prince should
employ his minister according to the rules of propriety; ministers
should serve their prince with loyalty”
Without an acquaintance with the rules of propriety, it is
impossible for the character to be established.”

13. Wisdom — 智(zhi)
Wisdom is the characteristics of having knowledge, experience,
and good judgment in any given situation.
A person is considered intelligent and has wisdom when he/she
can make a sound decision based on his/her prior knowledge
and learning experiences.
And knowledge is the basis for properly “selecting” others,
defining wisdom as the virtue that is the basis for selection. But it
is also about judging the situations correctly.
“The person who asks a question is fool for a minute, the person
who does not ask is a fool for life.”

14. CONFUCIANISM

15. CONFUCIANISM
Li (禮 pinyin: Lǐ) is a classical Chinese word
used in Confucian and post-Confucian Chinese
philosophy. The English meaning is "the way
things should be done."
In Li one must be aware of the way one
should act and function within a society. In Li
one can best cultivate their character by
understanding what it entails. Li encompasses
most importantly the Doctrine of the Mean,
and the Five Constant Relationships.

16. CONFUCIANISM
Li (禮 pinyin: Lǐ) is a classical Chinese word
used in Confucian and post-Confucian Chinese
philosophy. The English meaning is "the way
things should be done."
In Li one must be aware of the way one
should act and function within a society. In Li
one can best cultivate their character by
understanding what it entails. Li encompasses
most importantly the Doctrine of the Mean,
and the Five Constant Relationships.

17. CONFUCIANISM
The Doctrine of the Mean is the way in which one
should make decisions in life, in which the best
decision is always the middle between unworkable
extremes. Taking the middle road as Confucius said
would guide one to the way things should be done.
The Five Constant Relationships outline how one
should act in society, being the relationships between
parent and child, husband and wife, elder sibling and
junior sibling, elder friend and junior friend, and ruler
and subject. With these constant relationship
guidelines, Li sets up a hierarchy between the two
people and terms the accepted responses and actions
between them.

18. Five Constant Relationships
• A parent is to be loving, a child
obedient.
• An elder sibling is to be gentle, and
younger siblings respectful.
• Husbands are to be good and fair,
and wives understanding.
• Older friends are to be considerate,
younger friends reverential.
• Rulers should be benevolent, and
subjects loyal.

19. Five Constant Relationships
• A parent is to be loving, a child
obedient.
• An elder sibling is to be gentle, and
younger siblings respectful.
• Husbands are to be good and fair,
and wives understanding.
• Older friends are to be considerate,
younger friends reverential.
• Rulers should be benevolent, and
subjects loyal.

20. Confucius's Educational
Theory
• Theory of Value: What knowledge
and skills are worthwhile learning?
What are the goals of education?
• Theory of Knowledge: What is
knowledge? How is it different from
belief? What is a mistake? What is a
lie?

21. Confucius's Educational
Theory
• Theory of Human Nature: What is a human
being? How does it differ from other
species? What are the limits of human
potential?
• Theory of Learning: What is learning? How
are skills and knowledge acquired?
• Theory of Transmission: Who is to teach? By
what methods? What will the curriculum
be?

22. Confucius's Educational
Theory
• Theory of Society: What is society? What
institutions are involved in the educational
process?
• Theory of Opportunity: Who is to be
educated? Who is to be schooled?
• Theory of Consensus: Why do people
disagree? How is consensus achieved?
Whose opinion takes precedence?

23. CONCLUSION
Confucianism was a philosophy; an outline of moral,
social, spiritual and political aspects. Confucianism
teaches the people during the age of philosopher to
learn how to respect and help each other in a better
way. Confucianism teaches that people can be good
by their own efforts if they just follow rules of good
conduct. Confucianism teaches the aspects of loving
and respecting one another and to pay respect to the
elders and ancestors. The teaching of this also helped
people to learn how to resolve problems during that
time of period. As a moral system, Confucianism led to
despair and is remembered in the west as only a
collection of practical sociopolitical sayings. Families
use Confucianism as a base for the family hierarchy
today, although not as strictly.

24. CONCLUSION
Confucianism was a philosophy; an outline of moral,
social, spiritual and political aspects. Confucianism
teaches the people during the age of philosopher to
learn how to respect and help each other in a better
way. Confucianism teaches that people can be good
by their own efforts if they just follow rules of good
conduct. Confucianism teaches the aspects of loving
and respecting one another and to pay respect to the
elders and ancestors. The teaching of this also helped
people to learn how to resolve problems during that
time of period. As a moral system, Confucianism led to
despair and is remembered in the west as only a
collection of practical sociopolitical sayings. Families
use Confucianism as a base for the family hierarchy
today, although not as strictly.

25. CONCLUSION