Researchers are working in new ways, from crowd sourcing, to open science, to large-scale data-driven research and analytics. All of this is made possible by new technology, for example advances in computational power, big data, the web, democratisation of science and research; this technology and new ways of working have the potential to accelerate research processes and knowledge creation as well as improving research transparency, impact and collaboration. How ubiquitous is this practice? What are the implications for universities? How can we prepare for the future of research? This session will share examples of these emerging research practices and consider the benefits and what needs to be in place to allow research to thrive and take advantage of technology.

1. Science Ajar
The future of research: are you ready?
Jeremy G. Frey ProfeChem
15 March 2013 Jisc Digifest

2. Jisc Digifest11/03/2014

3. Intelligent Open Access to Data
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4. mediated
Much of Science is a “long tail” enterprise
Traditionally mediated
asynchronously through the
literature
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Methods are as important as the data

6. THE NARRATIVE
What is the story? What is the why?
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7. Faraday’s laboratory notebooks
are also remarkable in the amount
of detail that they give about the
design and setting up of
experiments, interspersed with
comments about their outcome
and thoughts of a more
philosophical kind. All are couched
in plain language, with many vivid
phrases of delightful spontaneity….
Peter Day, ‘The Philosopher’s Tree: A Selection of Michael
Faraday’s Writings’
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Scientific Narratives

8. RESOURCING
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9. Talk Themes
• Co-sourcing
• In-Sourcing
• Out-sourcing
• Net-Sourcing
• Open Sourcing
• Single-Sourcing
• Crowd Sourcing
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10. IDCC 2014 Meeting San Francisco
http://www.dcc.ac.uk/events/idcc14/programme-prese
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11. The samples you need may already be available
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12. Subversive
and furtive
sharing &
exploitation of
data in virtual
space
RDF
OAI
Taxi
E-
user
Labs
Digital Repository
Data
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Jisc Digifest
Some projects need large amounts of data from the literature:
access can be an issue

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14. DISSEMINATION IS PART
OF THE RESEARCH
Bringing dissemination in to the lab… use and
re-use of data… the digital research notebook
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15. Smart Tea Project
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P2 - Plans & Provenance

16. MoreTea: Tablet Interface and RDF World
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17. LabTrove: Easy Communication
Images and sketch commenting
Highly inter-linked report

18. Digital and
Physical
Worlds

19. Electronic
Laboratory
Notebooks
ELNs
Comparison with
traditional paper
notebooks
Communication
Collaboration
Sharing
Linking
Curating
• Higher Quality Record
• Natural linking to data
and external resources
• Easier Collaboration
• Improved planning
• Improved discussions
• Efficiency gain in
production of
presentations/reports
• Change the nature of
Professor/Student
interactions
Impact on
researchers
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20. Open Notebook Science
• Certainly not always the way to work!
– IPR, Commercial, long term projects, recognition
issues, etc
• But
– Makes connection much easier if the data and
processes are “Open”
– Easy to export & access of “Linked-Data”
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It is not necessary to change.
Survival is not mandatory.
W. Edwards Deming

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LabTrove Open Notebooks Mat Todd’s PZQ
Project

22. Validation
• Increasing the value of data
• How to bring all the necessary
information together to enable
appropriate validation
• Increasingly difficult & expensive to
achieve
• Need provenance and context
• Essential step otherwise just a collection
of items
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Publication@Source

23. This is a picture – why has the data been lost?
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24. Unavailable Information
• Not just lots of data but why are many of the
structures unpublished so certainly
unavailable?
• The E-Crystals and E-Bank
Project looked at how to
address this issue
• Is making data available
the same as depositing
a copy with someone else?
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25. BACK TO PLANS &
PLANNING
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“In theory, there is no
difference
between theory and
practice.
But, in practice, there
is.”
Unknown (possibly Yogi Berra or Manfred Eigen)

27. P&E Ontology: Planning
• Prospective provenance
• Describes a scientific
experiment that will be
enacted (in the future)
• Three entity types:
– Plan
– Plan Stage
– Plan Object
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28. P&E Core Ontology: Enactment
• Retrospective provenance
• Describes a scientific
experiment that was
enacted
• Three entity types:
– Run
– Stage
– Object
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Graph/Network provides
intuitive navigation

30. WHAT CAN WE LEARN
FROM LEGO
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31. Change in the whole way we design and build
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3D Printers: A radical change to the experimental section
of a paper!

32. Thanks & Acknowledgements
• UK e-Science & Digital Economy
Programmes
• RCUK: EPSRC, BBSRC & TSB, JISC/
HEFCE, Microsoft & IBM, for
funding and support
• Southampton Colleagues and
Students from Chemistry,
Electronics & Computer Science,
Engineering, Mathematics/Statistics,
iSolutions and the Library
• Colleagues at Bath/UKOLN,
Oxford/OeRC, STFC, Reading, Penn
State, Cornell, PNNL, UNSW, USyd
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33. Trust me Mort - no electronic communications
superhighway, no matter how vast and sophisticated,
will ever replace the art of the schmooze
Thank you for listening
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