1. Arithmetic Operations - Addition and subtraction of signed numbers.pptx
1. 20CS307 - COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE
UNIT – II
ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS
Arithmetic Operations - Addition and
subtraction of signed numbers
2. Fixed Point Number Representation
• The Fixed Point / Integer Numbers are represented in to two forms
they are Signed Integer and Unsigned Integer.
• Signed Integer Number Represents Negative Numbers MSB 1
• Unsigned Integer Number Represents Positive Numbers MSB 0
3. • The left most bit (sign bit) in the binary number represents sign of the
number.
• MSB is 1 the number represents negative number.
• MSB is 0 the number represents positive number.
4. One’s Complement Representation
• In the 1’s complement representation, negative numbers are
obtained by complementing each bit of the corresponding positive
number.
5.
6.
7. WHAT IS FULL ADDER
• The full adder accepts two inputs bits and an input carry and generates a
sum output and an output carry.
• The full-adder circuit adds three one-bit binary numbers (Cin, A ,B) and
outputs two one-bit binary numbers, a sum (S) and a carry (Cout). The full-
adder is usually a component in a cascade of adders, which add 8, 16, 32,
etc. binary numbers.
10. FULLADDER
• The full adder is usually drawn in a shorthand notation:
A
FULL
ADDER
CCARR
B
SSU
CIN
Y
M
11. Arithmetic Operations
• Arithmetic Instructions in digital Computers manipulate data to produce results
necessary for the solutions of computational problems. These instructions perform
arithmetic calculations and are responsible for the bulk of activity involved in
processing data in a computer
• The four basic arithmetic operations are addition, subtraction, multiplication and
division.
• From these four basic operations, it is possible to formulate other arithmetic
functions and solve problems by means of numerical analysis methods.
• An arithmetic processor is the part of a processor unit that executes arithmetic
operations.
• An arithmetic instruction may specify binary or decimal data, and in each case the
data may be in fixed-point or floating point form.
• Negative number may be in signed magnitude or signed compliment representation.
• Fixed point numbers may represents integers or fractions.
