Introduction of Sprinkler Irrigation system And Its Type
1. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA),
Satara
Online Training on
“Advanced Irrigation and Precision Agriculture”
Introduction of Sprinkler Irrigation And Its Type
Er. A. N. Gaupale
M. Tech. (Irrigation and Drainage Engineering)
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Advanced Irrigation and Precision Agriculture 2
SPRINKLER IRRIGATION
It is the method of irrigation by which water
is sprayed on the land surface in the form of
artificial rain.
Water is carried is through a network of pipes
under pressure and forced through a nozzle of
small diameter and sprayed on the ground or crop like a rain.
It avoided the run-off and deep percolation losses.
Irrigation is given under controlled conditions and required quantity of water at the
required time.
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SCOPE AND STATUS OF SPRINKLER IRRIGATION IN INDIA
Agricultural sector is the largest consumer of water and consuming
more than 80% water available.
Out of Total 140.13 million ha of sown area,
Net irrigated area- 68.38 millions ha
Un-irrigated area -71.74 millions ha
As per PMKSY, ( 2017-18)
Target – 1.2 millions ha
Achieved- 926,432 ha
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SPRINKLER IRRIGATION
Advantages Disadvantages
Water conservation Wind effect
Soil conservation and effective use of
land
Impact on fruits
Healthy growth of crops Impact on flowering
Less labour Systems cost
Seed Germination Energy needs
Application of fertilizers Adverse soil condition
Cooling of crops Evaporation loss
Frost protection Uniformity
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UTILITY SPRINKLER IRRIGATION
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CLASSIFICATION OF SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEM
1. Based on method of water application
2. Based on portability
3. Based on precipitation rates
4. Based on principle of operation
5. Based on movement
-Set move irrigation system
-Solid set system
-Continuous move system
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1. BASED ON METHOD OF WATER APPLICATION
I. Rotating sprinkler
Commonly used
Rotated up-to: 00 to 3600
Pressure Rang : 2 to 4 kg/Cm2
Application rate: 4 - 20 mm/hr
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Types Rotating sprinkler
a. Impact Type
b. Gear Driven Type
c. Reaction Type
d. Fixed Head Type
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II. PERFORATED PIPE SYSTEM
It consist of drilled holes to portable lateral to
distribute the water at uniform rate.
Width of wetting strip : 3 to 10 m.
Operating pressure: 0.25 to 1 kg/cm².
Application rate :12.5 to 50 mm/hr.
It is suitable for soils having moderately higher infiltration
rates.
Used: lawn, garden and small vegetables.
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BASED ON PORTABILITY
Portable System
Semi-portable System
Semi-permanent System
Permanent System
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2. BASED ON PRECIPITATION RATES
i. Low volume
sprinkler: Precipitation rate will
be less than 13 mm/hr.
ii. Medium volume
sprinkler: Precipitation rate will be between 13 to 25 mm/hr.
iii. High volume sprinkler: Precipitation rate will be more than 25
mm/hr.
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3. BASED ON PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
i. Whirling sprinkler
ii. Turbo hammer-sprinkler
iii. Propeller sprinkler
iv. Mini-sprinkler
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5. BASED ON MOVEMENT
i. Set-move Irrigation System
A. Hand move system:
Laterals are moved by hand to next position.
Manufactured by HDPE material
Diameter: 50 to 150 mm
Length: 6,9 or 12 mm
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B. Tow-move system:
It is least expensive system.
It has wheels so entire laterals can be
pulled to next set position.
Not used Extensively
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C. Side role or wheel move system:
D. Gun-type sprinkler
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ii. Solid set system:
It has sufficient laterals and sprinkler heads to
irrigate entire field
The laterals are laid in the field early in the crop
season and remain for the entire season.
This system is used for crops requiring short and
frequent irrigations.
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iii. Continuous move system
A. Centre-pivot sprinkler system :
B. Linear-move system
C. Traveller sprinkler system
(reel irrigators):
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