Nicolini, Giacomo: Direct observations of CO2 emission reductions due to COVID-19 lockdown and their subsequent evolutions
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ICOS Science Conference 2022: Day 2, Plenary
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Nicolini, Giacomo: Direct observations of CO2 emission reductions due to COVID-19 lockdown and their subsequent evolutions
- 1. Direct observations of CO2 emission reductions due to COVID-19 lockdowns and their subsequent evolutions Giacomo Nicolini, Gabriele Antoniella, Federico Carotenuto, Andreas Christen, Philippe Ciais, Christian Feigenwinter, Beniamino Gioli, Stavros Stagakis, Erik Velasco, Roland Vogt, Helen C. Ward, Janet Barlow, Nektarios Chrysoulakis, Pierpaolo Duce, Martin Graus, Carole Helfter, Bert Heusinkveld, Leena Järvi, Alina Jasek-Kaminska, Thomas Karl, Serena Marras, Valéry Masson, Bradley Matthews, Fred Meier, Eiko Nemitz, Konstantinos Politakos, Simone Sabbatini, Dieter Scherer, Helmut Schume, Costantino Sirca, Gert-Jan Steeneveld, Carolina Vagnoli, Yilong Wang, Alessandro Zaldei, Bo Zheng, Miroslaw Zimnoch, Dario Papale.
- 2. ICOS Science Conference 2022: Tracking progress to carbon neutrality Covid waves 2020-2022
- 3. ICOS Science Conference 2022: Tracking progress to carbon neutrality Global fossil CO2 emissions Source: Friedlingstein et al 2021
- 4. ICOS Science Conference 2022: Tracking progress to carbon neutrality Eddy covariance HECKOR tower, Heraklion (Greece) © RSLab • Micrometeorological technique, based on gas-wind covariance • Output: continuous data, real time, @ 30 minutes • Footprint: source area extent (10 - 1000 m upwind; ~ wind direction, …) • Core ICOS Ecosystem measurement technique
- 5. ICOS Science Conference 2022: Tracking progress to carbon neutrality Study sites and illustrative data Berlin
- 6. ICOS Science Conference 2022: Tracking progress to carbon neutrality Study sites and illustrative data Berlin
- 7. ICOS Science Conference 2022: Tracking progress to carbon neutrality CO2 flux relative change time-series Changes in CO2 fluxes as Relative Flux Change (RFC, %) c = years 2020, 2021, 2022 base = years before 2020 𝑅𝐹𝐶 = 𝑋𝑐 − 𝑋𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑋𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 ∗ 100
- 8. ICOS Science Conference 2022: Tracking progress to carbon neutrality CO2 flux relative change and restrictions – whole period (two lockdowns)
- 9. ICOS Science Conference 2022: Tracking progress to carbon neutrality CO2 flux relative change and restrictions – per lockdown
- 10. ICOS Science Conference 2022: Tracking progress to carbon neutrality RFC: 1st and 2nd lockdown differences: daily RFC, all sites
- 11. ICOS Science Conference 2022: Tracking progress to carbon neutrality RFC: 1st and 2nd lockdown differences: daily RFC, all sites
- 12. ICOS Science Conference 2022: Tracking progress to carbon neutrality 1st and 2nd waves emission recovery – all sites
- 13. ICOS Science Conference 2022: Tracking progress to carbon neutrality 14 weeks 7 weeks 1st and 2nd waves emission recovery – all sites LD1 end LD2 end
- 14. ICOS Science Conference 2022: Tracking progress to carbon neutrality Sub-daily resolution analysis
- 15. ICOS Science Conference 2022: Tracking progress to carbon neutrality Sub-daily resolution analysis
- 16. ICOS Science Conference 2022: Tracking progress to carbon neutrality Sub-daily resolution analysis
- 17. ICOS Science Conference 2022: Tracking progress to carbon neutrality Sub-daily resolution analysis
- 18. ICOS Science Conference 2022: Tracking progress to carbon neutrality Sub-daily resolution analysis
- 19. ICOS Science Conference 2022: Tracking progress to carbon neutrality Spatial analysis
- 20. ICOS Science Conference 2022: Tracking progress to carbon neutrality Spatial analysis: RFC by land use sector
- 21. ICOS Science Conference 2022: Tracking progress to carbon neutrality Conclusions - 1 • CO2 emissions were significantly reduced during lockdowns, more in the first. • Reductions occurred mainly during daytime due to vehicular traffic reduction • We didn’t see a clear increase of emissions related to home confinement (heating, cooking, human respiration). • Emissions rebounded to previous levels once restrictions were erased in the following months (faster after the second lockdown).
- 22. ICOS Science Conference 2022: Tracking progress to carbon neutrality Conclusions - 2 • Local data of vehicular traffic, heating systems (type, timing, consumption), number of resident people etc. would help to better interpret the flux measurements. • Importance of monitoring networks and infrastructures like ICOS. • The ICOS Cities EU H2020 project will help improving both the measurements and the data processing.
- 23. ICOS Science Conference 2022: Tracking progress to carbon neutrality THANK YOU Nicolini et al., 2022 STOTEN https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154662 Acknowledgements Side note… ICOS ETC is hiring one or two people in Italy for data processing, QC and projects. If interested: darpap@unitus.it