1. Sid A. Imam
Master of Project Management Candidate
Project Management 441
Northwestern University
Evanston , IL, USA
March 10, 2009
Instructors: Lois Vitt Sale
Helen J. Kessler

2. Two Types:
The primary footprint:
measure of our direct
emissions of CO2 from
the burning of fossil fuels
The secondary footprint:
measure of the indirect
CO2 emissions from the
whole lifecycle of
products

3. Policymakers would set a
mandatory cap on emissions
Industrial world standard tool of carbon dioxide and provide
for addressing global warming companies with economic
incentives to reach that cap at
the lowest possible cost

4. Policymakers set a
mandatory cap on
Industrial world
emissions of
standard tool for
carbon dioxide and
addressing global
provide companies
warming
with economic
incentives

5. Alcoa, AIG, Boston Scientific, BP America, Caterpillar, ConocoPhillips,
Chrysler, John Deere, Dow, Duke Energy, DuPont, Environmental
Defense Fund, Exelon, Ford, FPL Group, General Electric, General
Motors, Johnson & Johnson, Marsh, National Wildlife Federation,
Natural Resources Defense Council, NRG Energy, The Nature
Conservancy, PepsiCo, Pew Center on Global Climate Change, PG&E,
PNM Resources, Rio Tinto, Shell, Siemens, World Resources Institute,
and Xerox
Target: Reduction of green
house gas (GHG) to at least
25 percent below 1990 levels
by 2020 and 80 percent
below 1990 levels by 2050

6. o Negotiation process for a post-2012 climate
change regime
o January 1, 2008 marked the formal start of
the compliance period of the Kyoto Protocol
and of Phase II of the European Union
Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS).

7. Allowanc
Project-
based
Compliance
EU
e Markets Driven
Markets Markets ETS

8. o Program for GHG reduction in developing
Countries
o Works with within the framework of the Kyoto
Protocol's Clean Development Mechanism
(CDM) or Joint Implementation (JI)

9. Cap & trade Carbon tax
Lengthy regulatory process Not complex
Tradable permits = assets Regulatory mandate
May limit innovation Will foster more innovation
Voluntary market Governed by legislation
Currency/ Price & political risk Less prone to those risk
Many players; complex Less players
structure
After 2012 the path is not clear Regulator can make policy

16. o Cap-and –trade Proposals in the U.S. Congress:
 Boxer-Lieberman-Warner
 Bingaman-Specter
 McCain-Lieberman
 Sanders-Boxer
 Kerry-Snowe
 Oliver-Gilchrest