কুরআনের অলৌকিক ঘটনা. Bengali বাঙালি

1. wg‡iKjm Ae `¨ †KviAvb
(†KviAv‡bi A‡j․wKKZ¡)
(Miracles of the Quran)
wbðqB G †KviAvb iveŸyj Avjvgx‡bi bvwhjK…Z
(†KviAvb, 26 t 192)
nvi b Bqvwnqv (Harun Yahya)
fvlvš—i t Wvt D‡¤§ KvDmvi nK (Dr. Umme Kawsar)

2. wemwgj-vwni ivngvbxi ivnxg

3. wg‡iKjm Ae `¨ †KviAvb
(Miracles of the Quran)
wbðqB G †KviAvb iveŸyj Avjvgx‡bi bvwhjK…Z
(†KviAvb, 26 t 192)
nvi b Bqvwnqv
fvlvš—i t Wvt D‡¤§ KvDmvi nK

4. wemwgj-vwni ivn&gvwbi ivnxg

5. cvV‡Ki cÖwZ
weeZ©b w_Iixi cZ†bi Rb¨ †Kb GKwU we‡kl Aa¨vq ms‡hvRb Kiv n‡jv Zvi KviY- GB
w_IixwU me ai‡Yi Ava¨vZ¥ev` we‡ivax `k©‡bi wfwË wbg©vb K‡i| WviDBbev` †h‡nZz m„wói
mZ¨‡K A¯^xKvi K‡i Avi Gfv‡e Avj­vni Aw¯—Z¡‡KI cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i ; ZvB weMZ 140 eQi hver
GB WviDBbev` eû †jv‡Ki ‡ejvq wek¦vm cwiZ¨vM Ki‡Z wKsev m‡›`‡n cwZZ nevi KvR K‡i
hv‡‪Q | ZvB GB w_Iix †h GKwU cÖeÂYv Zv cÖgvY Kiv GKwU ¸i Z¡c~Y© `vwqZ¡ hv wKbv a‡g©i m‡½
`„pfv‡e m¤úwK©Z| ZvB GwU AZ¨vek¨K ev Ri ix †h GB ¸i Z¡c~Y© `vwqZ¡ Lvbv mK‡ji Dci
eZ©vq| Avgv‡`i wKQz wKQz cvVK nq‡Zv ev Rxe‡b GKwU gvÎ eB c‡ovi my‡hvM cv‡eb| ZvB G
wel‡qi mvims‡¶‡ci Rb¨ GKwU Aa¨vq eivÏ Kiv†KB Avgiv DwPr e‡j g‡b KiwQ|
‡jL‡Ki meLvbv eB‡qB wek¦vm m¤úwK©Z welq¸‡jv †KviAv‡b Avqv‡Zi Av‡jv‡K e¨vL¨v Kiv
n‡q‡Q Avi gvbe mgvR‡K Avj­vn ZvAvjvi evYx¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© Ávb AR©b K‡i Ges †m¸‡jv
AbymiY K‡i Rxeb cwiPvjbv Kivi Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q| Avj-vn& ZvAvjvi AvqvZmg~‡ni m‡½
mswk­ó me¸‡jv welq Ggbfv‡e LÊb Kiv n‡q‡Q †hb Zv cvV‡Ki g‡b †Kvb ai‡Yi m‡›`‡ni
D‡`ªK bv K‡i wKsev †Kvb cÖkœ †i‡L bv hvq| GLv‡b Avš—wiK, mij Avi mvejxj iPbv‣kjxi
e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q †hb cÖwZwU eq‡mi Ges mgv‡Ri cÖ‡Z¨K ¯—‡ii cÖwZwU gvbyl GB eBMy‡jv
mn‡RB ü`qsMg Ki‡Z cv‡i| g‡b `vM †K‡U hvIqv GB mnR‡eva¨ e„Ëvš—mg~n eBLvwb‡K cvV‡Ki
c‡¶ GKwU evi e‡m mgvß K‡i DV‡Z cviv‡K m¤¢e K‡i Zz‡j‡Q| GgbwK hviv Ava¨vwZ¥K
welqwU‡K cÖPÊfv‡e A¯^xKvi K‡i ZvivI GB eB¸‡jv‡Z ewY©Z cÖK…Z mZ¨ Z_¨¸‡jv w`‡q cÖfvweZ
nq Avi ZvB eB¸‡jvi welqe¯‧mg~n‡K Zviv Avi AmZ¨ ev Ag~jK e‡j cÖwZcbœ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|
GB eBLvbvmn †jL‡Ki Ab¨vb¨ me m„wóKg©¸‡jv GKvKx cov hvq wKsev `je× n‡h
AvjvcPvixZvq Av‡jvPbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Avi cvVKMY hviv GB MÖš ¸‡jv n‡Z mydj †c‡Z B‪QzK
nb Zviv G A‡_© Av‡jvPbv Kiv‡K LyeB djcÖm~ cv‡eb †h, Zviv Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i fvebv Avi
AwfÁZv¸‡jv G‡K Ac‡ii Kv‡Q eY©bv Ki‡Z m¶g n‡eb|

6. Z`ycwi GKgvÎ gnvb Avj-vn ZvAvjvi mš‧wói wbwg‡Ë †jLv GB eB¸‡jv wewfbœ Dc¯ vcbvq
e¨envi K‡i Avi cV‡bi gva¨‡g a‡g©i GK weivU †mev Kiv n‡e| ‡jL‡Ki me¸‡jv eB `„p cÖZ¨q
Drcv`b K‡i (Avi wek¦vm‡hvM¨)| G Kvi‡YB hviv gvbe mgvR‡K ag© m¤ú‡K© AewnZ Ki‡Z B‪QzK
Zv‡`i Rb¨ mePvB‡Z Kvh©Kix e¨e¯ v n‡jv Ñ GB eB¸wj covi e¨vcv‡i gvbyl‡K DrmvwnZ Kiv|
Avkv Kiv hvq †h cvVKMY eB‡qi †k‡li cvZv¸‡jvq Ab¨vb¨ wKQy eB‡qi wbeÜmg~‡n wKQ~
mgq a‡i †PvL eywj‡q hv‡eb Avi AvKx`v (wek¦vm) m¤úwK©Z welq¸‡jvi mg„× Drm ¸‡jv Ñ hv
wKbv LyeB DcKvix I co‡ZI Avb›``vqK Ñ †m¸‡jvi mwVK g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb|
GB eB¸‡jv‡Z Ab¨vb¨ wKQy eB‡qi b¨vq Avcwb †jL‡Ki e¨w³MZ gZvgZ, m‡›`nc~Y©
(Awbf©i‡hvM¨) m~Î n‡Z †bqv e¨vL¨vejx, iPbv •kjx hv cweÎ wel‡qi Kvi‡Y m¤§vb I Mfxi kª×v I
f‡qi e¨vcv‡i Ag‡bv‡hvMx, nZvkve¨ÄK, m‡›`n D‡`ªKKvix Ges •bivk¨RbK eY©bv hv cvV‡Ki
Aš—‡i weP~¨wZi m„wó K‡i Ñ G¸‡jvi ‡Kvb wKQyB Avcwb cv‡eb bv|

7. †jLK cwiwPwZ
‡jLb nvi b Bqvwnqv QÙbv‡g †jLv‡jwL Ki‡Qb| wZwb 1956 mv‡j AvsKvivq Rb¥ MÖnb
K‡ib| wZwb B¯—v¤^y‡ji wggvi wmbvb BDwbfvwm©wU‡Z AvU©m Avi B¯—v¤^yj BDwbfvwm©wU‡Z `k©b kv‡¯¿
covïbv K‡ib| 1980 mb †_‡K wZwb ivR‣bwZK wek¦vm msµvš— Ges weÁvb welqK e¨vcvi¸‡jv
wb‡q eû MÖš cÖKvk K‡i Avm‡Qb| MÖš Kvi wn‡m‡e nvi b Bqvwnqv GKwU mycwiwPZ bvg whwb
weeZ©bev`x‡`i cÖeÂYv, Zv‡`i `vwemg~‡ni Awm×Zv Avi WviDBbev` Ges i³cv‡Z wek¦vmx
fvev`‡k©i ga¨Kvi †hvMv‡hvM msµvš— welq¸‡jv dvum K‡i w`‡q AZ¨š— ¸i Z¡c~Y© eû MÖš wZwb
wj‡L‡Qb|
Zvi QÙbvg nvi b I Bqvwnqv G `ywU bvg wb‡q MwVZ| `yRb kª‡×q bexi bvg †_‡K G `ywU bvg
†bqv n‡q‡Q, hvuiv Awek¦vmx‡`i wei ‡× jovB K‡i †M‡Qb| †jL‡Ki eB¸‡jvi cÖ‪Q`mg~‡n †h mxj
i‡q‡Q Zv G‡`i welqmg~‡ni ms‡hv‡M cÖZxwK A_© enb K‡i| GB †gvni Avj­vn ZvAvjvi me©‡kl
MÖš I evYx wnmv‡e †KviAvb‡K Avi nhiZ gyn¤§` (`t) †K me©‡kl bex wn‡m‡e Zz‡j a‡i| cweÎ
†KviAvb Avi mybœv‡ni gva¨‡g cwiPvwjZ n‡q †jLK Zvui g~L¨ D‡Ïk¨ wn‡m‡e GwU a‡i wb‡q‡Qb
†h, wZwb †hb Awek¦vm Rb¥v‡bv fvev`k©¸‡jvi cÖwZwU †g․wjK wek¦vm‡K fyj cÖgvwYZ Ki‡Z cv‡ib
Avi Ggbfv‡e wZwb Zvui †kl K_v e‡j w`‡Z Pvb hv wKbv a‡g©i wei ‡× DÌvwcZ AvcwËmg~n
m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c ¯—ä K‡i w`‡Z cv‡i| m‡e©v‪P cÖÁv I •bwZK c~Y©Zv AR©bKvix bexi (`t) mxj ev
†gvniwU †jL‡Ki GB †kl K_v ejvi wbqZ wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q| ‡jL‡Ki mg¯— Kvh©vejxB
GKwU D‡Ïk¨‡K †K›`ª K‡i, hv n‡jv t gvby‡li Kv‡Q †KviAv‡bi evZ©v †c․u‡Q †`qv, Avi AvKx`v ev
†g․wjK wek¦vm m¤úwK©Z e¯‧¸‡jv †hgb t Avj-vni Aw¯—Ë¡, Zvui GKZ¡ I ciKvj Ñ G¸‡jv m¤ú‡K©
wPš—v Ki‡Z gvbyl‡K DØy× Kiv ; Avi Zv‡`i †ek wKQz ¸i Z¡c~Y© welqvejx ¯§iY Kwi‡q †`qv |
‡jLK nvi b Bqvwnqv AmsL¨ †`k †hgb fviZ, Bsj¨vÛ, B‡›`v‡bwkqv, †cvj¨vÛ,emwbqv, †¯úb,
eªvwRj BZ¨vw` bvbv †`‡ki cvVK‡`i AbyivM AR©b K‡i‡Qb| AmsL¨ fvlvq Zvi eB Ab~w`Z
n‡q‡Q| Avi Bs‡iRx, divmx, Rvg©vbx, BZvwjqvb, cZ©yMxR, D`©y, Aviex, Avj‡ewbqvb, ivwkqvb,

8. emwbqvb, ZvwK©k fvlvq Ab~w`Z eBmg~n cvIqv hv‡‪Q| ( eZ©gv‡b evsjv fvlvqI ¸wUK‡ZK eB
cvIqv hv‡‪Q)|
AZ¨š— ¯^xK…Z GB m„wóKg©¸‡jv c„w_exi me©Î eû‡jv‡Ki †¶‡Î Avj-vn&‡Z wek¦vm ¯ vcb Ki‡Z I
Ab¨vb¨ eû †jv‡Ki †ejvq Zv‡`i Cgv‡bi MfxiZi Aš—`©„wó AR©b Kivi †¶‡Î wbwgË ev Dcvq
¯^iƒc KvR Ki‡Q| GB eB¸‡jv‡Z †h cÖÁv Avi Avš—ÍwiK I mnR‡evaMg¨ •kjx e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q Zv
eB¸‡jv‡Z GK ¯^Zš¿ †Quvqv †i‡L wM‡q‡Q - d‡j hviv GB eB¸‡jv c‡o Avi ch©‡e¶Y K‡i Zv‡`i
†K eB¸‡jv cÖZ¨¶fv‡e bvov †`q| AvcwËgy³ GB †jLv¸‡jv‡Z `ª Z Kvh©KvixZv, my¯úó djvdj,
AKvU¨Zv, G mg¯— ¸YvejxgwÊZ •ewkó¨ we`¨gvb i‡q‡Q| GB eB¸‡jv‡Z †h e¨vL¨vejx cÖ`vb Kiv
n‡h‡Q Zv Aek¨¯^xKvh©, my¯úó Ges Avš—wiK Avi G¸‡jvi my¯úó Dˇi cvVKM‡Yi g‡bvbœqb
N‡U| hviv GB eB¸‡jv co‡eb Avi AZ¨š— ¸i ‡Z¡i m‡½ wPš—v Ki‡eb Zv‡`i c‡¶ Avi KLbI
e¯‧ev` `k©b, bvw¯—KZv Avi Ab¨vb¨ †h †Kvb ai‡Yi weK…Z fvev`k© wKsev `k©b‡K Avš—wiKfv‡e
mg_©b Kiv m¤¢e n‡e bv| GgbwK hw`I Zviv mg_©b K‡iB hvq, G¸‡jv n‡e †Kej fvev‡eMc~Y©
†R‡`iB djvdj t †Kbbv GB eB¸‡jv D³ fvev`k©¸‡jvi AZ¨š— g~j ev wfwË n‡ZB AmZ¨ ev
Ag~jK cÖwZcbœ K‡i| nvi b Bqvwnqvi †jLv eB¸‡jvi e‡`․j‡Z mgmvgwqK me ai‡Yi A¯^xKv‡ii
Av‡›`vjb AvR Av`k©MZfv‡eB civwRZ n‡q‡Q|
G‡Z †KvbB m‡›`n †bB †h, G¸‡jvi •ewkó¨vejx- G‡`i cÖwZ Avj-vn cÖ`Ë cªÁv I mnR
†eva¨ZviB dj¯^iƒc| GUv wbwðr †h, †jLK wb‡R KLbI Me©‡eva K‡ib bv ; wZwb †Kej Avj­vni
mwVK c_ mÜv‡bi †¶‡Î Dcvq wn‡m‡e mvnvh¨ Kivi wbqZ K‡ib| AwaKš‧ †jLK Zvi eB¸‡jv
n‡Z cvw_©e AR©‡bi †Póv K‡ib bv| GB †jLK †Zv bqB GgbwK Ab¨vb¨ hvivB GB eB¸‡jvi
cÖKvk wKsev cvVK‡`i wbKU †c․u‡Q †`qvi Kv‡R RwoZ, Zviv †KDB cvw_©e †Kvb jvf AR©b K‡ib
bv|
G mg¯— Z_¨¸‡jv we‡ePbv K‡i hviv gvby‡li Aš—‡ii †PvL Ly‡j †`qvi Avi gvbyl‡K Avj­vni
Av‡iv AbyMZ ev›`v n‡Z cwiPvjbvKvix GB eB ¸‡jv mevB‡K covi e¨vcv‡i DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb,
Zviv wbtm‡›`‡n Ag~j¨ GK †mev K‡i hv‡eb|

9. BwZg‡a¨, †h eB¸‡jv gvby‡li Aš—‡i mskq m„wó K‡i, fvev`k©MZ †Mvjgv‡ji w`‡K cwiPvwjZ
K‡i Ges gvby‡li g‡bi m‡›`n `~ixKi‡Yi e¨vcv‡i †h eB¸‡jvi my¯úófv‡e †Kvb kw³kvjx I
mwVK cÖfve †bB, G¸‡jvi cÖPvi Kiv †KejB mgq I kw³i AcPq n‡e gvÎ| GUv ¯úó cÖZxqgvb
†h c_nviv gvbyl‡K gy³ Kiv Qvov ïaygvÎ †jL‡Ki mvwnwZ¨K `¶Zvi Dci †Rvi w`‡q iwPZ
eB‡qi c‡¶ Ggb eo ai‡Yi cÖfve †djv Am¤¢e| G‡Z hviv m‡›`n K‡i Zviv mn‡RB †`L‡Z
cv‡e †h, nvi b Bqvwnqvi eB¸‡jvi GKgvÎ D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv Awek¦vmmg~n `~e©j K‡i †`qv Avi
†KviAv‡bi •bwZK g~j¨‡eva¸‡jv Qwo‡q †`qv| GB †mevKvR¸wj †h ai‡Yi mvdj¨, cÖfve wKsev
Avš—wiKZv AR©‡b mn‡hvMx Zv cvVK‡`i wek¦vm Drcv`b n‡ZB cÖKvwkZ nq|
GKwU welq g‡b ivLv `iKvi t gymjgvbMY †h Aweivg wbôziZv, Ø›Ø Avi †h mg¯— AwMœcix¶vi
m¤§yLxb n‡‪Q Zv ag©nxb Av`k©MZ cÖPv‡ii djvdj| G¸‡jvi Aemvb n‡Z cv‡i Ñ wek¦vmnxb
fvev`‡k©i civR‡qi gva¨‡g Avi GUv wbwðZ Kivi gva¨‡g ‡h, cÖwZwU e¨w³ m„wói inm¨ I
†KviAv‡bi g~j¨‡eva m¤ú‡K© Ggb Ávb iv‡L †hb ZviB gva¨‡g Rxeb hvcb Ki‡Z cv‡i| c„w_exi
GLbKvi nvj Pvj we‡ePbv Ki‡j hv wKbv gvbyl‡K mwnsmZv, `yb©xwZ I ؇›`i mwc©j wbgœMwZi w`‡K
cwiPvwjZ Ki‡Z eva¨ Ki‡Q - GUv ¯úó n‡q hvq †h, GB KvRwU Av‡iv `ª ZMwZ‡Z Avi
Kvh©Kvixiƒ‡c K‡i hvIqv `iKvi| Ab¨_vq ZLb AZ¨š— wej¤^ n‡q hv‡e|
GUv ej‡j AZz¨w³ n‡e bv †h, nvi b Bqvwnqvi avivevwnK m„wóKg©¸‡jv AMÖbx f~wgKv MÖnb
K‡i‡Q| Avj­vni B‪Qvq GB eB¸‡jv GKwesk kZvãx‡Z gvby‡li Rb¨ †KviAv‡b cÖwZkÖ Z kvwš—,
ingZ, mywePvi I my‡Li mÜvb Ly‡uR cvIqvi Dcvq †ei Ki‡e|
‡jL‡Ki m„wóKg©¸‡jv n‡jv t
The New Masonic Disorder, Judaism and Freemasonry, Islam Denounces Terrorism,
Global Freemasonry, Solution: The Values of The Quran, The Winter of Islam and The
Spring to Come, Romanticism: A Weapon of Satan, Perished Nations, For Man of
Understanding, The Truth of Life of This World, The Nightmare of Disbelief, Matter:
The Other Name of Illusion, The Quran Leads the Way to Science, Miracles of The
Quran, The Design in Nature, Deep Thinking, Never Plead Ignorance, The Miracle in
The Cell, The Miracle of The Immune System, The Secrets of DNA BZ¨vw` Av‡iv kZ kZ
eB|

10. ev‪Pv‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ wjLv eB¸‡jv n‡jv t Wonders of Allah’s Creation, The World
of Animals, Let’s Learn Our Islam, The Glory in The Heavens, The Ants,
The Honeybees that Build Perfect Combs.
‡KviAv‡bi wel‡qi Dci wjLv †jL‡Ki Ab¨vb¨ eB¸‡jv n‡jv t The Basic Concepts in
The Quran, The Moral Values of The Quran, Devoted to Allah, The Real
Home of The Believers, Paradise, Answers from The Quran, Death
Resurrection Hell, The Importance of Conscience in The Quran, The
Arrogance of Satan, Prayers in the Quran, Before you Regret, The Alliance
of Good, Some Secrets of The Quran, Taking the Quran as a Guide BZ¨vw`
bvbv ai‡Yi eB|

11. m~Px
cÖ_g Ask t ‣eÁvwbK `„wó‡KvY †_‡K †KviAv‡bi A‡j․wKKZ¡
AeZiwYKv ......
gnvwek¦ m„wó
gnvwe‡k¦i cÖmviY
AvKvk Avi c„w_exi wefw³ I c„_KxKiY
K¶c_ivwR
c„w_exi †MvjvK…wZ
myiw¶Z Qv`
AvKv‡ki cÖZ¨veZ©b Kvh©vejx
evqygÛ‡ji ¯—i
ce©Zgvjvi KvR
ce©Zgvjvi MwZkxjZv
‡j․‡n A‡j․wKKZ¡
‡Rvovq-‡Rvovq m„wó
mg‡qi Av‡cw¶KZv
e„wói AbycvZ
e„wói DrcwË
cÖPzi Drcv`bkxj evqy
mvMimg~n KL‡bv wg‡k hvq bv
mgy‡`ªi Mfxi AÜKvi Avi Avf¨š—ixY Zi½gvjv
gw¯—‡®‥i †h AskwU Avgv‡`i MwZwewa wbqš¿Y K‡i
gvbe wkïi Rb¥

12. GKwe›`y exh©
ex‡h©i wgkªY
wkïi wjsM
Rivqy‡Z AvU‡K _vKv i³wcÊ
gvsm nvwLJK Rwo‡q Ave„Z K‡i iv‡L
gvZ…M‡f© ev‪Pvi wZbwU ch©vq
gvZ…`y»
Av½y‡ji Qv‡c gvby‡li cwiPq
wØZxq Ask t ‡KviAv‡b fwel¨revYx
f~wgKv
evB‡R›UvBb‡`i weRq
Z…Zxq Ask t †KviAv‡bi HwZnvwmK A‡j․wKKZ¡
†KviAv‡b ewY©Z ÓnvgvbÓ kã
†KviAv‡b wgm‡ii kvmK‡`i Dcvwa
Dcmsnvi t †KviAvb Avj-vn&iB evYx
PZz_© Ask t weeZ©‡bi åvš— aviYv

13. ‣eÁvwbK `„wó‡KvY †_‡K ‡KviAv‡bi A‡j․wKKZv
AeZiwYKv
‡P․ÏkZ eQi c~‡e© Avj­vn ZvÕAvjv gvbeRvwZi c_PvwjKv ¯^iƒc ‡KviAvb ‡cÖiY K‡iwQ‡jb|
G ¯^M©xq MÖš Lvbv `„pfv‡e mg_©b Avi AbymiY K‡i gvbeRvwZ ‡hb mwVK c‡_ cwiPvwjZ nq- G
AvnŸvb K‡iwQ‡jb wZwb| bvwhj nIqvi w`b ‡_‡K ïi K‡i ‡kl wePv‡ii w`b ch©š— G ¯^Mx©q Avi
me©‡kl eB Lvbv gvbeRvwZi Rb¨ GKgvÎ c_-PvwjKv wn‡m‡e ‡_‡K hv‡e|
cweÎ ‡KviAv‡bi AmgK¶ Avi AZzjbxq iPbv‣kjx Ges Gi gv‡S we`¨gvb cÖK…ó, Mfxi I
we¯—…Z ÁvbB mywbwðZfv‡e cÖgvY K‡i ‡h GwU gnvb Avj-vn& ZvAvjvi evYx| G QvovI †KviAv‡bi
Ggb eû A‡j․wKK •ewkó¨vejx i‡q‡Q ‡h¸‡jv cÖgvY K‡i ‡h GwU cig Ki Yvgq Avj­vn& ZvAvjviB
bvwhjK…Z MÖš | G mg¯— ¸Yvejx ev •ewkó¨vw`i GKwU n‡jv - A‡bK¸‡jv •eÁvwbK h_v_©Zv ev
mZ¨Zv AvR †_‡K 1400 eQi Av‡MB ‡KviAv‡b D‡j­L Kiv n‡qwQj - †h¸‡jv wKbv Avgiv †mw`b
wesk kZvãxi cÖhyw³gvjv w`‡q Avwe®‥vi ev mÜvb Ki‡Z m¶g n‡qwQ|
Aek¨B †KviAvb †Kvb weÁvb welqK MÖš bq| wKš‧ GiciI weÁvb msµvš— eû welqvw` G
MÖš wU‡Z AZ¨š— msw¶ß iƒ‡c I mviMf© wn‡m‡e ewY©Z i‡q‡Q - †h¸‡jv wesk kZvãxi †UK‡bvjRx
ev cÖhyw³i gva¨‡g †Kej †mw`b gvbe RvwZi mg‡¶ D‡b¥vwPZ n‡q‡Q| ‡KviAvb hLb bvwhj nq,
†m mgq G welq¸‡jv wQj ARvbv, GwU Av‡iv cÖgvY K‡i †h †KviAvb Avj­vni evYx|
‡KviAv‡b ewY©Z weÁvb msµvš— welqvw` eyS‡Z n‡j Avgv‡`i bRi w`‡Z n‡e ‡m welqwU‡Z ‡h
†KviAvb hLb bvwhj nq weÁvb ZLb †Kvb ¯—‡i wQj|
mßg kZvãx‡Z hLb †KviAvb bvwhj nq, ‡m mgqKvi Avie mgv‡R ‣eÁvwbK welqvw`‡Z
eûwea Kzms¯‥vi Avi wfwËnxb wek¦vm cÖPwjZ wQj| gnvwek¦ Avi cÖK…wZ cix¶v ch©‡e¶Y Kivi gZ
Kjv‡K․kj we`¨gvb bv _vKvq ‡m mgqKvi Avw` Avie mgv‡Ri gvbyl Zv‡`i c~e©cyi l †_‡K cÖvß
DcvL¨vb mg~‡n wek¦vm KiZ| GiB GKwU `„óvš— D‡j­L Kiv hvq ‡h, c„w_exi Dcwiw¯ Z AvKvkB
aviY K‡i Av‡Q ce©Zmg~n‡K| Zv‡`i wek¦vm wQj †h, c„w_ex mgZj (†MvjvKvi bq) ; Avi c„w_exi

14. `y cªv‡š— i‡q‡Q DuPz, DuPz ce©Zgvjv, aviYv Kiv nZ †h ce©Zgvjvmg~n ¯—‡¤¢i b¨vq c„w_exi Dcwiw¯ Z
wLjvb AvK…wZi AvKvk‡K aviY K‡i Av‡Q|
Z‡e hvB †nvK †KviAvb bvwhj nIqvq Avie mgv‡Ri Gme Kzms¯‥vi `~ixf~Z n‡q hvq| m~iv
iv‡`i wØZxq Avqv‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q t ÓwZwbB Avj­vn whwb †Kvb cÖKvi Aej¤^b ev ¯—‡¤¢i mvnvh¨
QvovB AvKvkmg~n‡K mgybœZ †i‡L‡Qb.... |Ó ce©Zgvjv we`¨gvb _vKvi d‡jB MMbgÛj Dc‡i
w¯ i _vK‡Z cvi‡Q - Giƒc wek¦vm D³ AvqvZ ØvivB wg_¨v cÖgvwYZ n‡q hvq| †KviAv‡b †mB mg‡q
Ab¨vb¨ eû welqvw` msµvš— AZ¨š— ¸i Z¡c~Y© Z_¨vejx cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj- hLb Zv Kvi c‡¶B
Rvb‡Z cvivi K_v bq| ‡m mgq gvbyl †R¨vwZwe©`¨v, c`v_©we`¨v, wKsev Rxewe`¨v wel‡q LyeB Aí
Ávb ivLZ| wVK †Zgwb GK mg‡q gnvwe‡k¦i m„wó, gvbe m„wó, evqy gÛ‡ji MVb Avi †h my²
fvimvg¨ c„w_exi ey‡K Rx‡ei ev cÖv‡Yi wU‡K _vKv m¤¢e K‡i Av‡Q - G ai‡Yi eû welqvw`i
e¨vcv‡i ¸i Z¡c~Y© Z_¨vejx †KviAv‡b cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|
GLb Pjyb Avgiv †KviAv‡b cÖKvwkZ weÁvb msµvš— wKQz A‡j․wKK welqvw`i w`‡K `„wócvZ
Kwi|
gnvwek¦ m„wó
wb‡gœi AvqvZwU‡Z wek¦eªþv‡Ûi DrcwËi K_v ewY©Z i‡q‡Q t
ÓwZwbB Avw` mªóv Avmgvb I Rwg‡bi|Ó (†KviAvb, 6 t 101)
cweÎ †KviAv‡b cÖ`Ë G Z_¨wU mgmvgwqK weÁv‡bi ch©‡e¶Y I cix¶vq cÖvß Z_¨vejxi m‡½
m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c msMwZc~Y©| AvR †R¨vwZwe©`¨v †h P~ovš— wm×v‡š— †c․u‡Q‡Q Zv n‡jv - e¯‧ Avi mg‡qi

15. cwiwamn †MvUv gnvwek¦ Aw¯—‡Z¡ G‡m‡Q weivU GK we‡ùvi‡Yi gva¨‡g - hv wKbv Lye Zwor MwZ‡Z
N‡UwQj| gnvwe‡ùviY (Big Bang) bv‡gi GB NUbvwU GKwUgvÎ ¶z`ª we›`yi we‡ùvi‡Yi d‡j
gnvwek¦ Aw¯—Z¡nxb Ae¯ v †_‡K Aw¯—‡Z¡ G‡m‡Q| wek¦ eªþv‡Ûi m„wó Avi wKfv‡e Zv Aw¯—‡Z¡ G‡m‡Q
- G e¨vcv‡i AvaywbK weÁvb cwil` GKB gZ †cvlY K‡i †h Ñ gnvwe‡ùviYB gnvwe‡k¦i DrcwË
Avi Aw¯—‡Z¡i GKgvÎ †h․w³K Avi MÖnb‡hvM¨ e¨vL¨v cÖ`vb K‡i|
gnvwe‡ùvi‡Yi c~‡e© c`v_© ev e¯‧ e‡j wKQ~ wQjbv| Ggwb GK Aw¯—Z¡nxb ev k~Y¨ve¯ v †h_vq
we`¨gvb wQj bv †Kvb c`v_©, bv †Kvb kw³, GgbwK mg‡qi Aw¯—Ë¡ wQjbv - hv †Kej Awawe`¨vg~jK
(Metaphysically) wKsev weg~Z© Av‡jvPbvq eY©bv Kiv hvq- †Zgwb GKwU Ae¯ v †_‡K c`v_©,
kw³ Avi mg‡qi m„wó n‡q‡Q| GB †h welqwU AvaywbK c`v_©weÁv‡bi gva¨‡g †Kewj m¤cÖwZ
Avwe®K…Z n‡q‡Q Ñ ZvB 1400 eQi Av‡M †KviAvb gvbeRvwZi D‡Ï‡k¨ ‡NvlYv K‡iwQj|
Mvp ev`vgx Ask¸‡jv †cQ‡bi
iwk¥ we‡ùviY, Zvc wewKi‡Yi
mv¶x enb K‡i
nvjKv †Mvjvcx AÂj¸‡jv
DËß AÂj
Mvp †Mvjvcx AÂj ¸‡jv me‡P‡q
†ekx DËß AÂj
nvjKv ev`vgx AÂj¸‡jv
VvÛv
caption

16. gnvwe‡k¦i cÖmviY
1400 eQi c~‡e© hLb †R¨vwZwe©`¨v wQj ZLbI Avw`g Ae¯ vq, ZLbB Avj­vn& ZvAvjv KZ…©K
bvwhjK…Z †KviAv‡b wek¦eªþv‡Ûi cÖmvi‡Yi welqwU Ggbfv‡e ewY©Z nq t
ÓAvi Avwg ¯^xq ¶gZve‡j Avmgvb‡K m„wó K‡iwQ Avi Avwg Aek¨B wbqwgZfv‡e Zv
cÖmvwiZ KiwQ|Ó (†KviAvb, 51 t 47 )
1992 mv‡j bvmv (NASA) Cobe Space m¨v‡UjvBU cvVvq hvi
ms‡e`bkxj †mÝi¸‡jv gnvwe‡ùvi‡Yi NUbvg~jK Aewkóvsk ev wQ‡U‡dvUv
a‡i ivL‡Z m¶g nq| GB Avwe®‥vi gnvwe‡ùvi‡Yi cÖgvY enb K‡i, hv wKbv
gnvwek¦ †h k~Y¨ve¯ v †_‡K m„ó n‡q‡Q ZviB •eÁvwbK e¨vL¨v|
wekvj †Uwj‡¯‥vcmn GWDBb
nvej

17. GB AvqvZwU‡Z D³ “Heavens” kãwU w`‡q ‡KviAv‡bi wewfbœ RvqMvq gnvk~Y¨ Avi
wek¦eªþvÛ‡K wb‡`©k Kiv n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b kãwU GKB A‡_© e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q| Ab¨ K_vq gnvwe‡k¦i
cÖmvi‡Yi e¨vcviwU †KviAv‡b cªKvk n‡q‡Q| Avi GUvB †mB cig wm×vš— ev K_v †hLv‡b weÁvb
AvR †c․u‡Q‡Q|
wesk kZvãxi DlvjMœ ch©š— weÁvb RM‡Z GB GKwUgvÎ aviYv cÖPwjZ wQj †h, Ógnvwe‡k¦i
i‡q‡Q GKwU w¯ i ev AcwieZ©bxq cÖK…wZ ev Ae¯ v Ges Abbš—Kvj a‡iB Gi Aw¯—Z¡ i‡q‡Q|ÓA_©vr
Gi †Kvb ïi †bB, cwieZ©bI †bB| hvB †nvK cÖK…Zc‡¶B gnvwe‡k¦iI †h GKwU m~PYv ev Avi¤¢
wQj Avi GwU µgvMZB ÓcÖmvwiZÓ n‡‪Q Ñ AvaywbK cÖhyw³mg~n Øviv M‡elYv, ch©‡e¶Y Avi MYbv
Pvwj‡q G Z_¨wU cvIqv †M‡Q|
wesk kZvãxi †Mvuovi w`‡K ivwkqvb c`v_©we` Alexander Friedmann Ges †ejwRqv‡gi
gnvwek¦welqK weÁvbx Georges Lemaitre w_Iix w`‡q ev ZË¡MZfv‡e MYbv K‡i †`‡Lb †h
wek¦eªþvÛ weivgnxbfv‡e wbqZB MwZkxj i‡q‡Q Avi GwU cÖmvwiZI n‡‪Q|
1929 mv‡j ch©‡e¶Yg~jK WvUvi gva¨‡gI G welqwU cÖgvwYZ nq| Av‡gwiKvb †R¨vwZwe©`
Edwin Hubble GKwU †Uwj‡¯‥vc w`‡q AvKvk ch©‡e¶Y Ki‡Z wM‡q Avwe®‥vi K‡ib †h
b¶ÎcyÄ Avi M¨vjw·¸‡jv ci¯úi †_‡K µgvMZB `~‡i m‡i hv‡‪Q | wek¦ eªþv‡Ê mewKQz ci¯úi
†_‡K `~‡i m‡i hv‡‪Q, G‡ZB cÖgvwYZ nq †h GB gnvwek¦ wbqZ cÖmvwiZ gnvwek¦ |
gnvwe‡ùvi‡Yi gyn~Z© †_‡KB wek¦eªþvÛ GK wekvj
†e‡M µgvMZ cÖmvwiZ n‡‪Q| weÁvbxMY gnvwe‡k¦i
GB cÖmviY‡K evZv‡m †dvjv‡bv GKwU †ejy‡bi c„‡ôi
m‡½ Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb|

18. gnvwek¦ †h cÖwZwbqZ cÖmvwiZ n‡‪Q Ñ GwUi mZ¨Zv cieZ©x eQimg~‡ni ch©‡e¶Y Øviv cÖgvwYZ
nq| A_P GB welqwU cweÎ †KviAv‡b †h mgqwU‡Z e¨vL¨v Kiv nq ZLb Zv †KD Rvb‡Zv bv|
†Kbbv †KviAvb Avj­vni evYx, whwb mgMÖ wek¦eªþv‡Ûi m„wóKZ©v I kvmbKZ©v|
AvKvk I c„w_exi wefw³ I c„_KxKib
MMbgÛjxi m„wó cÖm‡½ Av‡iKwU Avqv‡Z wb‡gœi Dw³wU Kiv n‡q‡Q t
ÒAwek¦vmxiv wK Bnv j¶¨ K‡i bvB †h AvKvk I c„w_ex IZ‡cÖvZfv‡e wg‡k wQj (mshy³
Ae¯ vq wQj), Zvici Avwg Dfq‡K Avjv`v K‡i w`jvg Ges cÖvYevb mg¯— wKQz Avwg m„wó
Kijvg cvwb †_‡K| ZeyI wK Zviv Cgvb Avb‡e bv ?Ó (†KviAvb, 21 t 30)
Aviex Awfav‡b ivZ&K¡ ( ratq) kãwU Ab~w`Z n‡q‡Q Ò†mjvBK…ZÓ, ÒeybbK…ZÓ k‡ã- hvi A_©
ÓGKwU AciwUi m‡½ mshy³ ev mswgwkªZ n‡q GKvKvi Ae¯ vq wQjÓ| wfbœ wfbœ `ywU e¯‧ wg‡j
GKwU ALÛ e¯‧ •Zix K‡i - GwU D‡j­L Ki‡ZB kãwU e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q| ÓAvwg †mjvB Ly‡j wehy³
K‡iwQÓ - GB kã mgwó Aviex‡Z GKwU wµqvc` dvZvK¡&v (fataqa) w`‡q cÖKvk Kiv nq| GB
kãwU GUvB m~wPZ K‡i †h, †Kvb wKQz ivZK¡ Ae¯ vq c~‡e© wQj, GLb †mwU wQu‡o wM‡q wfbœ wfbœ
Avjv`v wRwbl Aw¯—‡Z¡ G‡m‡Q| gvwU †f` K‡i GKwU exR †_‡K AsKzi †ei nIqvi Kv‡RI GB
wµqvc`wU e¨eüZ n‡q _v‡K|
Pjyb Avgiv ü`‡q G aviYvwU †cvlY K‡i AvqvZwUi Dci Av‡iKevi `„wócvZ Kwi| G
AvqvZwU Abymv‡i cÖ_‡g c„w_ex Avi MMbgÛj mshy³ Ae¯ vq ivZK¡ wn‡m‡e wQj| G‡`i GKwU
AciwU †_‡K †ei n‡q Avjv`v n‡q‡Q (dvZvK¡v n‡q‡Q)| AvMÖ‡ni m‡½ Avgiv hLb gnvwe‡ùvi‡Yi
(Big Bang) cÖ_g gyn~Z©¸‡jv ¯§iY K‡i †`wL, Z‡e Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, gnvwe‡k¦i mg¯— e¯‧
ev c`v_© GKwU gvÎ we›`y‡Z we`¨gvb wQj| Ab¨K_vq ÒMMbgÛjx I c„w_exÓ Ñ hLb ZL‡bv m„wó

19. nqwb ZLb ivZK¡ Ae¯ vq wQj | cÖPÛ ev fqsKifv‡e we›`ywU we‡ùvwiZ nq - hviB d‡j we`¨gvb
mg¯— e¯—¸‡jv wQbœ wfbœ n‡q hvq (dvZvK¡v†Z) ; Avi G cÖwµqv‡ZB m„ó n‡q‡Q mgMÖ wek¦eªþvÛ|
‣eÁvwbKfv‡e cÖvß Z_¨vejxi m‡½ AvqvZwUi Awfe¨w³¸‡jv Zzjbv K‡i Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB
†h, Giv ci¯úi ci¯ú‡ii m‡½ wbLuyZfv‡e mvgÄm¨c~Y©| h‡_ó †K․Zzn‡ji e¨vcvi GwU †h wesk
kZvãxi Av‡M GB Z_¨¸‡jv cvIqv hvqwb|
K¶c_ivwR
cweÎ †KviAv‡b hLbB P›`ª Avi m~‡h©i K_v ejv n‡q‡Q ZLbB AZ¨š— ¸i ‡Z¡i mwnZ D‡j­L
Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, P›`ª Avi m~h© `ywUB wbw`©ó K¶c‡_ N~Y©vqgvb Ae¯ vq i‡q‡Q|
Avi wZwbB m„wó K‡i‡Qb ivwÎ I w`b Ges P›`ª I m~h©| mevB wbR wbR K¶c‡_ wePiY
K‡i| (†KviAvb, 21 t 33)
QwewU gnvwe‡ùviY‡K wPwÎZ K‡i‡Q hv Av‡iv GKevi cÖKvk K‡i †h, Avj­vn ZvAvjv
k~Y¨ve¯ v ev Aw¯—Z¡nxb Ae¯ v †_‡K gnvwek¦ m„wó K‡i‡Qb| gnvwe‡ùviY (Big Bang)
•eÁvvwbK Z_¨vw` w`‡q cÖgvwYZ GKwU w_Iix| hw`I wKQz wKQz weÁvbx gnvwe‡ùvi‡Yi
wecix‡Z wfbœ wfbœ w_Iix `vo Kiv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb, wKš‧ •eÁvwbK cÖgvYvw` Øviv weÁvbx mgvR
KZ©„K G Big Bang Gi w_IixwU c~Y©fv‡e M„nxZ n‡q‡Q|

20. m~h© †h w¯ i Ae¯ vq †bB eis GKwU mywbw`©ó K¶c‡_ wePiY Ki‡Q G welqwU Av‡iKwU Avqv‡Z
D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q t
Avi m~h© ¯^xq Mš—e¨ ¯ v‡bi w`‡K Pj‡Z _v‡K| GUv civµgkvjx, me©‡Ái wbqš¿Y|
(†KviAvb, 36 t 38)
GB †h welqmg~n ‡KviAv‡bi gva¨‡g Avgiv AeMZ n‡qwQ †m¸‡jv Avgv‡`i hy‡M
†R¨vwZwe©Áv‡bi ch©‡e¶Y Øviv D`NvwUZ n‡q‡Q| ‡R¨vwZwe©Áv‡b AwfÁRb‡`i MYbvbymv‡i m~h©
Solar Apex bvgK GKwU wbw`©ó K¶c‡_ N›Uvq 720,000 wK‡jvwgUvi †e‡M Vega bvgK GKwU
b¶‡Îi w`‡K MwZkxj ev ågYiZ i‡q‡Q| Gi A_© GB `vovq †h, m~h© cÖwZw`b M‡o cÖvq
17,280,000 wK‡jvwgUvi c_ AwZµg K‡i _v‡K| m~‡h©i m‡½ m‡½ m~‡h©i gva¨vKl©YRwbZ
wm‡÷‡gi AvIZvq Aš—f©~&³ Ab¨vb¨ MÖn, b¶Î¸‡jvI GKB `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i| AwaKš‧
wek¦eªþv‡Ûi mg¯— b¶ÎcyÄ wVK Abyiƒcfv‡e cwiKwíZ MwZ‡Z Pjbkxj i‡q‡Q|
wVK Gi g‡ZvB †MvUv wek¦eªþvÛ †h GKB ai‡Yi c_ Avi K¶c‡_ cwic~Y© Zv wbgœiƒ‡c
†KviAv‡b ewY©Z i‡q‡Q t
Kmg eû c_ Avi K¶c_ wewkó Avmgv‡bi| ( †KviAvb, 51 t 7)
gnvwe‡k¦ cÖvq 200 wewjqb M¨vjvw· i‡q‡Q, hv‡`i cÖwZwU 200 wewjqb b¶ÎcyÄ wb‡q MwVZ|
‡ekxi fvM b¶‡Îi i‡q‡Q MÖn Avi MÖ‡ni i‡q‡Q DcMÖn| MMbgÛ‡ji mg¯— e¯‧¸‡jvB mwVKfv‡e
MYbvK…Z K¶c_mg~‡n NyY©vqgvbiZ i‡q‡Q| wgwjqb wgwjqb eQi a‡i G‡`i cÖ‡Z¨‡KB wbR wbR
K¶c‡_ ci¯ú‡ii m‡½ m¤ú~Y© mvgÄm¨ I mwVK weY¨vm †i‡L ÓNy‡iÓ †eov‡‪Q| G QvovI eû
ayg‡KZz i‡q‡Q hviv Zv‡`i Rb¨ wbw`©ó K¶c‡_ wePiY K‡i|
gnvwe‡k¦i K¶c_ivwR †Kewj GB MMbgÛjxi MÖn-b¶‡Îi Rb¨ bq| M¨vjvw·¸‡jvI
mwVKfv‡e MYbvK…Z cwiKwíZ K¶c_mg~‡n wekvj †e‡M wePiY K‡i| GB wePi‡Yi mgq
gnvKv‡ki †Kvb e¯‧ GKwU Av‡iKwUi c‡_ P‡j hvqbv wKsev msN‡l© wjß nq bv|

21. GUv mywbwðZ †h, †KviAvb bvwhj nIqvi Kv‡j GLbKvi g‡Zv †Uwj‡¯‥vc Avwe®K…Z nqwb,
wQjbv ch©‡e¶‡Yi Rb¨ DbœZ cÖhyw³ hvi mvnv‡h¨ GLb gnvk~‡Y¨i wgwjqb wgwjqb RvqMv ch©‡e¶Y
Kiv hvq, wQjbv c`v_©we`¨v ev †R¨vwZwe©`¨vi AvaywbK Ávb fvÛvi| ‡KviAv‡b †hgb ejv n‡q‡Q †h
Ògnvk~Y¨ c_ Avi K¶c_mg~‡n cwic~Y©Ó - hw`I ZLbKvi mgq Zv wbY©q Kiv m¤¢e wQj bv| A_P
†KviAv‡b ‡ek ¯úófv‡e welqwU ewY©Z i‡q‡Q - ‡Kbbv GB †KviAvb gnvcivµgkvjx, gnvÁvbx
Avj-vn ZvAvjvi evYx|
c„w_exi †MvjvK…wZ
wZwb Avmgvb I Rwgb m„wó K‡i‡Qb h_vh_fv‡e| wZwb ivwÎ w`‡q w`b‡K Av‪Qvw`Z K‡ib
Ges w`b w`‡q ivw·K Av‪Qvw`Z K‡ib| wZwb wbqgvaxb K‡i‡Qb m~h© I P›`ª‡K| cÖ‡Z¨‡KB
wba©vwiZ mgq ch©š— Pj‡Z _vK‡e| †R‡b ivL wZwb civµgkvjx, cig ¶gvkxj|
(‡KviAvb, 39 t 5)
Dc‡i cÖ`wk©Z n¨vwji ayg‡KZz Acivci ayg‡KZzi g‡ZvB mwVKfv‡e cwiKwíZ I wbqwš¿Z GKwU
K¶c‡_ N~Y©vqgvb iZ i‡q‡Q| GwUi GKwU mywbw`©ó K¶c_ i‡q‡Q- †h c‡_ ayg‡KZzwU
gnvk~Y¨RvZ Ab¨vb¨ e¯‧i m‡½ mvgÄm¨ ‡i‡L Zvj wgwj‡q N~Y©biZ i‡q‡Q|
MÖnivwR, MÖn¸‡jvi DcMÖnmg~n, b¶ÎcyÄ Avi GgbwK M¨vjvw·mg~n- Gme gnvk~Y¨RvZ
cÖwZwU e¯‧iB i‡q‡Q wbR wbR K¶c_ ‡h¸‡jv AZ¨š— my² MYbv Øviv wbY©q Kiv n‡q‡Q| ‡mB
Avj-vn whwb mgMÖ wek¦eªþvÛ m„wó K‡i‡Qb, wZwb GB mwVK k„sLjv cÖwZôv K‡i‡Qb Ges wZwbB
Zv eRvq †i‡L hv‡‪Qb |

22. gnvwe‡k¦i eY©bv w`‡Z wM‡q ‡KviAv‡b †h mg¯— kãvejx e¨eüZ i‡q‡Q - †m¸‡jv †ek
D‡j­L‡hvM¨| ÒAv‪Qvw`Z ev †gvov‡bvÓ A‡_© Dc‡ii AvqvZwU‡Z †h Aviex kãwUi e¨envi Kiv
n‡q‡Q †mwU n‡jv “Takwir”| Bs‡iRx‡Z Gi A_© ÓGKwU wRwbl Øviv Aci GKwU wRwbl‡K
Rwo‡q ev gywo‡q †`qv - hv wKbv GKwU †cvlv‡Ki g‡Zv fvuR Kiv Ae¯ vq †MvQv‡bv i‡q‡Q|Ó
(D`vinYZ, cvMox †hgb K‡i cwiavb Kiv nq, wVK †Zgwbfv‡e GKwU wRwbl w`‡q AciwU‡K
Rov‡bvi Kv‡R Aviex Awfav‡b G kãwU e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q)| w`b I ivwÎ ci¯úi‡K Rwo‡q ev
Av‪Qvw`Z Ae¯ vq i‡q‡Q - AvqvZwU‡Z cÖ`Ë GB Z_¨ Øviv c„w_exi AvK…wZi mwVK Z_¨B cÖ`vb
Kiv n‡q‡Q| G Ae¯ vwU †Kej ‡mB Ae¯ vq mwVK n‡Z cv‡i hLb c„w_exi AvK…wZ nq †MvjvKvi|
Gi A_© mßg kZvãx‡Z bvwhjK…Z †KviAv‡b c„w_ex †MvjvKvi nIqvi welqwUi BswMZ †`qv
n‡qwQj|
hvB †nvK GUv ¯§iY ivLv DwPZ ‡h gnvwek¦ m¤ú‡K© †m mgqKvi †R¨vwZwe©`¨vi Ávb wQj
wfbœiƒc| ZLbKvi mgq g‡b Kiv n‡Zv †h c„w_ex GKwU mgZj GjvKv Avi G wek¦v‡mi Dci wfwË
K‡iB weÁvb welqK mg¯— MYbv Avi e¨vL¨vw` `vo Kiv‡bv n‡qwQj| A_P Avgiv MZ kZvãx‡Z †h
Z_¨wU †R‡bwQ Zv †KviAv‡bi AvqvZwU‡Z Aš—f©y³ wQj| †h‡nZz †KviAvb Avj­vn Zvqvjvi evYx,
†m‡nZz hLb wek¦eªþv‡Ûi eY©bv †`qv n‡q‡Q, ZLb mePvB‡Z ï× Avi mwVK kãwU e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q|
myiw¶Z Qv`
‡KviAv‡b gnvb Avj­vn ZvAvjv AvKv‡ki GKwU AZ¨š— †K․ZznjKi •ewk‡ó¨i cªwZ Avgv‡`i
g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y K‡i‡Qb t
Avi Avwg Avmgvb‡K m„wó K‡iwQ GKwU myiw¶Z Qv`iƒ‡c, wKš‧ Zviv Zvi wb`k©bvejx
†_‡K gyL wdwi‡q iv‡L| (‡KviAvb, 21 t 32)

23. wesk kZvãx‡Z •eÁvwbK M‡elYv Øviv AvKv‡ki G •ewkó¨wU cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q|
Rxe‡bi Aweivg MwZaviv eRvq ivLvi Rb¨ c„w_ex‡K wN‡i †h evqygÛj i‡q‡Q Zv †ek
¸i Z¡c~Y© KvR K‡i hv‡‪Q| hLb eo, †QvU eû Dév c„w_exi w`‡K †a‡q Av‡m, ZLb evqygÛj
G‡`i‡K f~c„‡ô cwZZ n‡Z †`q bv| Gfv‡eB c„w_exi RxeRMZ‡K Dév cZ‡bi ¶wZKi w`K
†_‡K evuwP‡q †`q evqygÊj|
Zv Qvov gnvk~Y¨ †_‡K RxweZ e¯‧ mg~‡ni Rb¨ ¶wZKi ‡h iwk¥ wbM©Z nq Zv‡K wdëvi K‡i
ev †Q‡uK †kvab K‡i evqygÛj| ‡K․Zzn‡ji e¨vcviwU n‡jv GB †h, ‡h iwk¥mg~n Rx‡ei Rb¨
¶wZKi bq, eis DcKvix, †hgb, `k©b‡hvM¨ Av‡jv, Near Ultraviolet Light Avi †eZvi
Zi½‡KB evqygÛj AwZµg Ki‡Z †`q| G mg¯— iwk¥ Rxe‡bi Rb¨ AwZ cÖ‡qvRbxq| Near
Ultraviolet Ray, ‡hwU wKbv †Kej AvswkKfv‡e evqygÛj KZ…©K Avm‡Z cv‡i, Zv Dw™¢‡`i
mv‡jvK ms‡k­lY Avi mg¯— Rxemg~‡ni wU‡K _vKvi Rb¨ AZ¨š— ¸i Z¡c~Y©|
m~h© †_‡K ‡h AwZ Mvp Avëªfv‡qv‡jU iwk¥ wbM©Z nq, Zv evqygÛ‡ji I‡hvb ¯—i w`‡q wdëvi
nq ; Gfv‡e Avëªvfv‡qv‡jU iwk¥i AZ¨š— mxwgZ Avi AwZ cÖ‡qvRbxq Ask f~-c„‡ô G‡m †c․u‡Q|
evqygÛ‡ji myi¶vi KvR GLv‡bB †kl nqbv| gnvk~‡Y¨i cÖvq -270wWMªx ‡mw›U‡MÖ‡Wi g‡Zv
eid VvÛv ZvcgvÎv †_‡KI evqygÛj c„w_ex‡K i¶v K‡i _v‡K|
Rxe‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq iwk¥¸‡jv‡KB evqygÛj c„w_ex‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z †`q| D`vniY¯^iƒc,
Avëªvfv‡qv‡jU iwk¥ †Kej AvswkK fv‡e Avm‡Z cv‡i| mv‡jvK ms‡k­l‡Yi gva¨‡g Dw™¢` mg~‡ni Lv`¨
cÖ¯‧wZi Rb¨ Avi cwi‡k‡l mg¯— Rxe‡K wUwK‡q ivLvi g‡Zv AZ¨š— mwVK cwigvYB (Avëªvfv‡qv‡jU iwk¥)
cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡i|

24. MMbgÛj Ae‡jvKb Ki‡Z wM‡q †ekxifvM gvbylB evhygÛ‡ji myi¶vi ev wbivc` ivLvi
welqwU wb‡q †f‡e †`‡Lbv| Zviv cÖvq KLbB wPš—v K‡ibv †h, hw` evqygÛ‡ji Gai‡Yi MVb
bv _vK‡Zv, c„w_ex wK ai‡Yi RvqMv n‡Zv| Dévi cZ‡bi d‡j Av‡gwiKvq, AvwiRybv‡Z †h
wekvj M‡Z©i m„wó n‡q‡Q ZvB †`Lv‡‪Q Dc‡ii QwewU| evqygÛj bv _vK‡j wgwjqb wgwjqb
DévwcÛ c„w_ex‡Z G‡m co‡Zv, hvi d‡j Zv emev‡mi A‡hvM¨ RvqMv n‡q †h‡Zv| wKš‧
evqygÛ‡ji myi¶vi w`KwU c„w_exi RxeRMZ‡K wbivc‡` emevm Kivi my‡hvM w`‡‪Q| wbðqB
GwU gvbyl‡K i¶v Kivi Rb¨ Avj­vniB GKwU wm‡÷g Ges GKwU A‡j․wKK wRwbl hv
†KviAv‡b †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
m~‡h© we‡ùvi‡Yi d‡j wbM©Z kw³ †h wK cwigvY
¶gZv iv‡L Zv gvbegb K`vwPZB fve‡Z cv‡i|
Gi GKwUgvÎ we‡ùviY wn‡ivwkgvq cwZZ 100
wewjqb GUg †evgvi mgZzj¨| evqygÛj Avi f¨vb
G‡jb †e‡ëi Rb¨ GB kw³i ¶wZKi w`K †_‡K
gnvwek¦ wbivc` i‡q‡Q|
gvbe Rxe‡bi Rb¨ c~Y©v½ mvgÄm¨c~Y© K‡i m„ó
c„w_ex †_‡K evqygʇji evB‡i gnvk~‡Y¨ hw`
Avgiv m‡i hvB, Z‡e eid kxZj VvÛvi Ke‡j
co‡ev| gnvk~‡Y¨i -270 wWMÖx †mw›U‡MÖ‡Wi g‡Zv
eid kxZj VvÛv n‡Z c„w_ex wbivc‡` i‡q‡Q GB
evqygÛ‡ji Rb¨|
G QwewU‡Z †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q †h, GKwU Dév wcÛ c„w_ex‡Z cÖvq AvNvZ nvb‡Z hv‡‪Q| gnvk~‡Y¨ Pjgvb e¯‧¸‡jv
f~-c„‡ôi Rb¨ fqvbK fxwZKi n‡Z cvi‡Zv| wKš‧ whwb (Avj­vn) me‡P‡q mgwš^Zfv‡e m„wó K‡i‡Qb wZwb
myi¶vi Qv`I evwb‡q‡Qb| we‡kl ai‡Yi GB Qv‡`i e‡`․j‡Z †ewki fvM DévwcÛ LÛ LÛ n‡q evqygÛ‡j
cwZZ nq, wKš‧ ZviciI f~-c„‡ôi †Kvb ¶wZ K‡i bv|

25. evqygÛj GKvB †Kej c„w_ex‡K ¶wZKi cÖfve †_‡K i¶v K‡ibv| evqygÛ‡ji mv‡_ c„w_exi
g¨vM‡bwUK wdì Øviv •Zix f¨vb G‡jb †eë bvgK GKwU ¯—iI Avgv‡`i MÖnwU‡K †mB mg¯—
fxwZKi Avi ¶wZKi iwk¥ we‪QziY †_‡K i¶vi cÖ‡qvR‡b eg© wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| m~h© Avi Ab¨vb¨
b¶Î †_‡K AweiZ we‪QzwiZ G mg¯— iwk¥ Rxe RM‡Zi Rb¨ fqvbK ¶wZKi| f¨vb G‡jb †eëwU
hw` bv _vK‡Zv Z‡e m~‡h©i †fZ‡i Nb Nb msNwVZ wekvj we‡ùvi‡bi kw³ hv Solar Flare bv‡g
cwiwPZ Zv c„w_exi mgMÖ cÖvYx RMZ‡K aŸsm K‡i w`‡Zv|
Avgv‡`i Rxe‡bi Rb¨ f¨vb G‡jb †eë Gi ¸i ‡Z¡i K_v ej‡Z wM‡q Wt wnDM im †K ej‡Z
n‡q‡Q t
cÖK…Zc‡¶ †m․i RM‡Zi Ab¨ †h †Kvb MÖ‡ni PvB‡Z Avgv‡`i c„w_exi NbZ¡
A‡bK †ekx| wekvj wb‡Kj-‡j․n ¯—i Avgv‡`i wekvj g¨vM‡bwUK wdì Gi Rb¨ `vqx|
GB g¨vM‡bwUK wdìwUB f¨vb G‡jb ‡iwW‡qkb eg©wU •Zix K‡i‡Q hv ‡iwW‡qkbRwbZ
†Mvjvel©Y †_‡K f~c„ô‡K i¶v Ki‡Q| GB eg© ev XvjwU bv _vK‡j c„w_ex‡Z cÖv‡Yi Aw¯—Z¡
Am¤¢e n‡q `vov‡Zv| eya Av‡iKwU ce©Zgq MÖn hvi g¨vM‡bwUK wdì i‡q‡Q - GB ¯—‡ii
¶gZv c„w_exi f¨vb G‡jb †eëwUi †P‡q 100 ¸Y Kg| GgbwK ïµ MÖn †hwU Avgv‡`i
cv‡ki MÖn hvi †Kvb f¨vb G‡jb †eë †bB| f¨vb- G‡jb ‡iwW‡qk‡bi GB XvjwU GK
gvÎ c„w_exi Rb¨B m„wó Kiv n‡q‡Q Abb¨iƒ‡c|1
c„w_exi g¨vM‡bwUK wdì Øviv •Zix g¨vM‡b‡Uvwùqvi ¯—i c„w_ex‡K gnvk~Y¨RvZ
e¯‧, ¶wZKi KmwgK iwk¥ Ges KYvmg~n †_‡K wbivc‡` ivLvi Rb¨ eg© wn‡m‡e
KvR K‡i| g¨vM‡b‡Uvwùqvi hvi bvg f¨vb G‡jb ‡eë - †mwUB Dc‡ii wP‡Î
†`Lv hv‡‪Q| c„w_ex †_‡K mnmª mnmª wK‡jvwgUvi Dc‡i Aew¯ Z GB †eëwU
gvivZ¥K ¶wZKi kw³ †_‡K c„w_exi Rxe RMr‡K i¶v K‡i hv‡‪Q, b‡Pr
gnvk~Y¨ †_‡K fqvbK GB kw³ c„w_ex‡Z G‡m †c․uQyZ| G mg¯— •eÁvwbK
Z_¨vw` cÖgvY K‡i †h, we‡kl GK c×wZ‡Z c„w_ex wbivc` i‡q‡Q| ¸i Z¡c~Y©
e¨vcvi n‡jv †h , 1400 eQi c~‡e© G AvqvZwU Øviv GB wbivcËv e¨e¯ vi K_v
Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q t Ó Avi Avwg Avmgvb‡K m„wó K‡iwQ GKwU myiw¶Z
Qv`iƒ‡c...Ó

26. GB we‡ùviY¸‡jvi GKwUi d‡j †h kw³ mieivn nq Zv wn‡ivwkgvq cwZZ 100 wewjqb GUg
†evgvi mgZ j¨ e‡j MYbv I wbY©q Kiv n‡q‡Q| we‡ùvi‡Yi 58 eQi ci ch©‡e¶Y K‡i †`Lv
†M‡Q †h,K¤úv‡mi g¨vM‡bwUK m~PKwU A¯^vfvweK bovPov cÖ`k©b Ki‡Q| Avi c„w_exi evqygÛ‡ji
250 wK‡jvwgUvi Dc‡i ZvcgvÎv mnmv †e‡o wM‡q 2500 wWMÖx †mw›U‡MÖ‡W †c․‡uQ‡Q|
ms‡¶‡c f~-c„‡ôi Dc‡i DuPz ¯—‡i GKwU wbLuyZ wm‡÷g Kg©iZ i‡q‡Q| GwU Avgv‡`i we‡k¦i
Pvwiw`K Ry‡o Kg©iZ Ges wek¦‡K evB‡ii Avmbœ wec` ev AvksKv †_‡K i¶v Ki‡Q| hw`I kZ
kZ eQi c~‡e© Avj­vn Zvqvjv cweÎ †KviAv‡b Avgv‡`i AewnZ K‡i‡Qb †h, c„w_exi evqygÛj
GKwU myiw¶Z Xvj wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡Q| A_P weÁvbxMY †Kej †mw`bB Zv Rvb‡Z †c‡i‡Qb|
AvKv‡ki cÖZ¨veZ©b Kvh©vejx
cweÎ †KviAv‡b m~iv Zvwi‡Ki 11bs Avqv‡Z Avj­vn ZvAvjv AvKv‡ki cÖZ¨veZ©b Kvh©vejxi
K_vwU D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb t
Kmg Avmgv‡bi, hv †_‡K e„wócvZ nq| (‡KviAvb, 86 t 11)
‡KviAvb Abyev‡`i †ejvq GB AveZ©bkxj (Cyclical) kãwU Av‡iv KwU A_© eywS‡q _v‡K ;
†hgb, Ò†dir cvVv‡bvÓ, wKsev Òwd‡i AvmvÓ ev ÒcÖZ¨veZ©bÓ|
meviB Rvbv Av‡Q †h, c„w_ex‡K wN‡i _vKv evqygÛj †ek KwU ¯—i wb‡q MwVZ| Gi cÖwZwU
¯—iB Rxe‡bi Kj¨v‡b wewea cÖKvi ¸i Z¡c~Y© fywgKv †i‡L hv‡‪Q| M‡elYvq D‡b¥vwPZ n‡q‡Q †h, ¯—i
¸‡jvq †h mg¯— e¯‧ wKsev iwk¥ G‡m †c․u‡Q †m¸‡jv‡K AvKv‡k wKsev fyc„‡ô †dir cvwV‡q †`q GB
evqygÊj| GLb Pjyb c„w_ex‡K cwi‡eóbKvix GB ¯—i¸‡jvi ÓAveZ©bÓ ev cÖZ¨veZ©b cÖwµqv wKQz
`„óv‡š—i gva¨‡g ch©‡e¶b Kwi|

27. (1) f~-c„‡ôi 13-15 wK‡jvwgUvi Dc‡i Uª‡cvwùqvi bvgK ¯—iwU f~c„ô †_‡K DwÌZ cvwb
ev®ú‡K Nbxf~Z K‡i e„wóiƒ‡c †dir cvVvq|
(2) 25 wK‡jvwgUvi Dcwiw¯ Z I‡hvb ¯—iwU gnvk~Y¨ †_‡K Avmv ¶wZKi iwk¥ Avi
Avëªvfv‡qv‡jU iwk¥ Dfq‡KB cÖwZdwjZ K‡i gnvk~‡Y¨B †dir cvVvq|
(3) Avq‡bvwùqvi †eZvi Zi½ m¤cÖPvi‡K AcÖwZ‡ivax †hvMv‡hvMKvix DcMÖ‡ni (Passive
Communication Sattelite) b¨vq cÖwZdwjZ K‡i c„w_exi wewfbœ ¯ v‡b †dir cvVvq| Avi
Gfv‡eB Zv AwZ `~i `~iv‡š— Iqvi‡jm †hvMv‡hvM, †iwWI, †Uwjwfkb m¤cÖPvi‡K m¤¢e K‡i Zz‡j|
(4) g¨vM‡b‡Uvwùqvi m~h© I Ab¨vb¨ b¶Î †_‡K wbM©Z ¶wZKi †iwWI GKwUf KYv (Radio
Active Particle) †K f~-c„‡ô †c․uQzevi c~‡e©B gnvk~‡Y¨ †dir cvVvq|
cÖK…Z e¨vcviwU n‡jv ‡h, evqygÛ‡ji GB ¯—i¸‡jvi ‣ewkó¨vejx hv wbKU AZx‡Z D‡b¥vwPZ
n‡q‡Q - †m¸‡jvB cweÎ †KviAv‡b kZ kZ eQi Av‡M †NvwlZ n‡qwQj - Avi GwUB Avev‡iv cÖgvY
K‡i †h, †KviAvb Avj­vn ZvAvjviB evYx |
I‡hv‡bvwùqvi Ggb GKwU ¯—i hv f~-c„‡ôi Rxemg~‡ni Rb¨ ¶wZKi n‡Z cv‡i Ggb me iwk¥i AvMg‡b
evav †`q| Avëªvfv‡qv‡jU iwk¥i b¨vq ¶wZKi KmwgK iwk¥¸‡jv‡K gnvk~‡Y¨ †dir cvwV‡q w`‡q
I‡hv‡bvwùqvi c„w_exi Rxemg~n‡K iwk¥mg~‡ni ¶wZKi cÖfve †_‡K i¶v K‡i _v‡K|
c„w_ex‡Z Rxemg~‡ni †e‡uP _vKvi Rb¨ cvwbi cÖ‡qvRb Acwinvh©| Uª‡cvwùqvi ¯—iwU cvwb Drc‡bœi Kv‡R
mvnvh¨ K‡i ; f~c„ô †_‡K DwÌZ ev®ú‡K Uª‡cvwùqvi Nbxf~Z K‡i e„wó wn‡m‡e c„w_ex‡Z †dir cvVvq|

28. evqygÛ‡ji ¯—i
gnvwek¦ m¤ú‡K© †KviAv‡bi Z_¨¸‡jvi GKwU n‡jv †h, AvKvk mvZwU ¯—i wb‡q MwVZ|
wZwb Ggb whwb m„wó K‡i‡Qb †Zvgv‡`i Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨ c„w_exi mewKQz| Zvici wZwb
g‡bv‡hvM w`‡jb AvKv‡ki cÖwZ Ges weY¨¯— Ki‡jb Zv mvZ Avmgvbiƒ‡c| Avi wZwb
me©wel‡q mwe‡kl AewnZ| (†KviAvb, 2 t 29)
AZtci wZwb Avmgv‡bi cÖwZ g‡bvwb‡ek Ki‡jb, ZLb Zv wQj a~gªer| Zvici wZwb
Zv‡K
I c„w_ex‡K ej‡jb t †Zvgiv Df‡q Avm †¯^‪Qvq wKsev Awb‪Qvq| Zviv Df‡q ejj t
Avgiv †¯^‪Qvq I mvb‡›` Avmjvg|
Zvici wZwb AvKvkgÛj‡K `yÕw`‡b mvZ Avmgv‡b cwiYZ Ki‡jb Ges cÖ‡Z¨K Avmgv‡b
Zvi Rb¨ Av‡`k †cÖiY Ki‡jb| Avi Avwg wbKUeZ©x Avmgvb‡K my‡kvwfZ K‡iwQ
b¶ÎivwR w`‡q Ges Zv‡K †ndvRZ K‡iwQ| GUv civµgkvjx, me©Á Avj­vni
e¨e¯ vcbv| (†KviAvb, 41 t 11-12)
evqygÛ‡ji cÖwZwU ¯—‡iiB i‡q‡Q gvbe RvwZi Rb¨ DcKvix •ewkó¨vejx| `„óvš— ¯^iƒc Avq‡bvwùqvi ¯—iwU †Kvb
wbw`©ó †K›`ª n‡Z m¤cÖPvwiZ †eZvi Zi½‡K cÖwZdwjZ K‡i wb‡gœ c„w_ex‡Z †dir cvVvq| Gfv‡eB ¯—iwU `~i-`~iv‡š—
m¤cÖPvi‡K m¤¢e K‡i Zz‡j‡Q|

29. †KviAv‡bi eû Avqv‡Z †h “Heavens” kãwU G‡m‡Q Zv Øviv c„w_exi Dc‡ii AvKvk Z_v
gnvwek¦‡K eySv‡bv n‡q _v‡K| G kãwUi Ggb A_© n‡j †`Lv hvq †h c„w_exi AvKvk wKsev
evqygÛj mvZwU ¯—i wb‡q MwVZ| ev¯—weKB GLb Rvbv wM‡q‡Q †h, c„w_exi evqygÛ‡ji i‡q‡Q
K‡qKwU ¯—i †h¸‡jvi GKwU Av‡iKwUi Dci Aew¯ Z| AwaKš‧ †KviAv‡b †hgb ewY©Z i‡q‡Q
†Zgwb wVK mvZwU ¯—i wb‡q evqygÛj MwVZ| ‣eÁvwbK m~Îg‡Z welqwU wbgœiƒ‡c ewY©Z n‡q _v‡K t
weÁvbxMY ch©‡e¶b K‡i‡Qb †h, evqygÛj wewfbœ ¯—i wb‡q MwVZ| Pvc I M¨v‡mi cÖKv‡ii
gZ †f․Z ¸Yvejx Øviv ¯—img~n wfbœZv cÖ`k©b K‡i| f~c„‡ôi me‡P‡q wbKUZg ¯—i n‡jv
Uª‡cvwùqvi| evqygÛ‡ji 90 kZvsk wb‡q GB ¯—i MwVZ| Uª‡cvwùqv‡ii Dc‡ii ¯—iwU‡K
ejv nq ÷ªv‡Uvwùqvi| I‡hvb ¯—i ÷ªv‡Uvwùqv‡iiB GKwU Ask †hLv‡b Avëªvfv‡qv‡jU
iwk¥ †kvwlZ n‡q _v‡K| ÷ªv‡Uvwùqv‡ii Dc‡ii ¯—iwU‡K ejv nq †g‡mvwùqvi|
Rxe‡bi Rb¨ cª‡qvRbxq cÖwZwU •ewkó¨ i‡q‡Q c„w_exi| G¸‡jviB GKwU n‡jv evqygÛj, hv Rxe RMr†K i¶v Kivi
Kv‡R eg© wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| AvR GwU GKwU cÖwZwôZ mZ¨ †h, evqygÛj GKwUi Dci Ab¨wU Aew¯ Z - GgbZi
mvZwU ¯—i wb‡q MwVZ| wVK †KviAv‡bi eY©bvi g‡ZvB GwU wVK mvZwU ¯—i wb‡q MwVZ| Aek¨B GwU †KviAv‡bi
GKwU A‡j․wKKZ¡|

30. †g‡mvwùqv‡ii Dc‡i _v‡K _v‡g©vwùqvi| GB ¯—‡i Avq‡b cwiYZ M¨vm¸‡jv GKwU ¯—i
•Zix K‡i hv‡K ejv nq Avq‡bvwùqvi| c„w_exi evhygÛ‡ji me‡P‡q evB‡ii ¯—iwU
480 wK‡jvwgUvi †_‡K 960 wK‡jvwgUvi ch©š— we¯—…Z| GB ¯—iwU‡K ejv nq
G‡·vwùqvi|2
Avgiv GB m~‡Î ¯—i¸‡jvi msL¨v hw` wn‡me K‡i †`wL Z‡e †`Le †h, Avqv‡Z †hgb D‡j­L
Kiv n‡q‡Q wVK †Zgb K‡iB evqygÛj mvZwU ¯—i wb‡q MwVZ t
1. Uª‡cvwùqvi
2. ÷ªv‡Uvwùqvi
3. I‡hv‡bvwùqvi
4. ‡g‡mvwùqvi
5. _v‡g©vwùqvi
6. Avq‡bvwùqvi
7. G‡·vwùqvi
G wel‡q Av‡iKwU ¸i Z¡c~Y© A‡j․wKK e¨vcvi G Dw³‡Z D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q t
AZtci wZwb AvKvk gÊj‡K `yw`‡b mvZ Avmgv†b cwiYZ Ki‡jb Ges cÖ‡Z¨K Avmgv‡b
1400 eQi c~‡e© hLb AvKvk‡K GKwU ALÛ Ask wn‡m‡e g‡b Kiv n‡Zv †KviAv‡b A‡j․wKKfv‡e ZLwb ejv
n‡jv †h GwU mvZwU wfbœ wfbœ ¯—‡i MwVZ| Ab¨ w`‡K AwZ m¤cÖwZ AvaywbK weÁvb G mZ¨wU D`NvUb K‡i‡Q ‡h
c„w_ex‡K wN‡i _vKv evqygÛj mvZwU ¯—i wb‡q MwVZ|

31. Zvi Rb¨ Av‡`k †cÖiY Ki‡jb| ...........| (†KviAvb, 41 t 22)
Ab¨ K_vq ejv hvq †h AvqvZwU‡Z Avj­vn ZvAvjv GUvB D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, wZwb cÖwZwU
Avmgv‡bi Rb¨ Zv‡`i KiYxq KvR e›Ub K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| mwZ¨B c~‡e©i AvqvZ¸‡jv‡Z Avgiv
†`L‡Z †c‡qwQ †h, f~-c„‡ô emevmKvix Ab¨vb¨ cÖvYxmn gvbeRvwZi DcKviv‡_© cÖwZwU ¯—iB AwZ
cÖ‡qvRbxq KvR K‡i hv‡‪Q| e„wó Drcbœ Kiv ‡_‡K ïi K‡i ¶wZKi iwk¥mg~n‡K evav `vb, †eZvi
Zi½ cÖwZdwjZ Kiv, Dév wcÛmg~‡ni ¶wZKi cÖfve †_‡K evav †`qv ev wb‡iva Kiv ch©š— we‡kl
we‡kl KvR¸‡jv wfbœ wfbœ ¯—i wfbœ wfbœfv‡e m¤úbœ K‡i _v‡K|
D`vniY¯^iƒc, •eÁvwbK m~‡Î G¸‡jvi GKwU Kv‡Ri K_v wb‡gœ D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q t
f~c„‡ôi evqygÛ‡ji i‡q‡Q mvZwU ¯—i| me©wbgœ ¯—iwU n‡jv Uª‡cvwùqvi| e„wó, eid Avi
evZvm †Kej G ¯—iwU‡ZB N‡U _v‡K|3
GwU GKwU eo ai‡Yi A‡j․wKK e¨vcvi †h, GB †h welq¸‡jv wesk kZvãxi †UK‡bvjRx
e¨ZxZ D`NvUb Kiv m¤¢e nIqvi K_v wQj bv, †m¸‡jvB †KviAv‡b 1400 eQi c~‡e© ¯úófv‡e
D‡j­L Kiv n‡qwQj|
ce©Zgvjvi KvR
ce©Zgvjvi GKwU ¸i Z¡c~Y© †f․MwjK Kvh©vejxi cÖwZ Avgv‡`i `„wó AvKl©Y K‡i cweÎ
†KviAv‡bi wb‡gœi AvqvZ t
Avi Avwg Rwg‡bi Dci my`„p ce©Zgvjv m„wó K‡iwQ hv‡Z Zv‡`i wb‡q Rwgb Szu‡K bv
c‡o ; Ges Avwg †mLv‡b cÖk¯— cÖk¯— iv¯—v m„wó K‡iwQ †hb Zviv Mš—e¨¯ ‡j †cu․Q‡Z cv‡i|
(†KviAvb, 21 t 31)
f~c„‡ôi Mfx‡i bx‡P ce©Zgvjvmg~‡ni g~j Ask i‡q‡Q|
(Earth, Press and Siever, p.413)

32. f~c„‡ôi K¤úb cÖwZ‡iv‡a ce©Zgvjvi †h f~wgKv i‡q‡Q †mwU Avgiv AvqvZwU‡Z †Lqvj K‡iwQ|
‡KviAvb †h mg‡q bvwhj nq, ZLb †KD G e¨vcviwU m¤ú‡K© AeMZ wQj bv| cÖK…Zc‡¶
AvaywbK f~-weÁv‡bi cÖvß Z_¨mg~‡ni gva¨‡g ‡Kewj †mw`b G welqwU cÖKvk †cj|
G mg¯— Z_¨vbymv‡i, †h fvix fvix eo †c­U¸‡jv c„w_exi Dc‡ii k³ ¯—i m„wó K‡i, ‡m¸‡jvi
bovPov Avi msN‡l©i d‡jB DrcwË N‡U ce©Zgvjvmg~‡ni| `ywU †c­U hLb ci¯úi av°v Lvq ZLb
kw³kvjx †c­UwU Ab¨ †c­‡Ui bx‡P Mwo‡q P‡j hvq, ZLb Dc‡ii ‡c­UwU †eu‡K wM‡q ce©Z I DuPz DPuy
RvqMvi Rb¥ †`q| wb‡gœi ¯—iwU f~wgi bx‡P AMÖmi n‡q ‡fZ‡ii w`‡K GK Mfxi cÖmvi‡Yi Rb¥
†`q| Gi gv‡b ce©‡Zi i‡q‡Q `y‡Uv Ask, Dc‡i mevi Rb¨ `k©b‡hvM¨ GKwU Ask †hgb _v‡K,
†Zgwb bx‡Pi w`‡K Mfx‡i Gi mgcwigvY we¯—…wZ i‡q‡Q|
Ab¨ Av‡iKwU Qwe‡Z †`Lv hv‡‪Q †h, ce©Zgvjvi Mfxi g~‡ji Kvi‡Y wKfv‡e ce©Zmg~n †c‡i‡Ki g‡Zv AvKvi
aviY K‡i| (Earth Science, Tarbuck and Lutgens, p.158)
QKe× Ae‡‪Q`
ce©Zgvjvi i‡q‡Q †c‡i‡Ki g‡Zv Ask hvi Mfxi g~j gvwU‡Z †cÖvw_Z Ae¯ vq Av‡Q|
(Anatomy of the Earth, Cailleux, p.220)
ce©Zmg~n f~wgi Dc‡i I wbgœ‡`‡k we¯—…Z n‡q ‡c‡i‡Ki b¨vq f~c„‡ôi wewfbœ †c­U‡K `„pfv‡e AvU‡K a‡i iv‡L| f~-c„‡ôi Dc‡ii
Ask ev µv÷ Aweivg MwZkxj †c­U wb‡q MwVZ| ce©Z¸‡jvi `„pfv‡e a‡i ivLvi •ewkó¨wUB f~c„‡ôi Dc‡ii ¯—i‡K w¯ i †i‡L
K¤úb cÖwZ‡iva K‡i A‡bKvs‡k| A_P GB µv‡÷i i‡q‡Q MwZkxj MVb|

33. weÁv‡bi eB¸‡jv‡Z cvnv‡oi MVb ewY©Z n‡q‡Q wbgœiƒ‡c t
gnv‡`k¸‡jvi †h AÂjmg~n cyi , †h_vq mvwi mvwi ce©Zgvjv i‡q‡Q, †m_vq f~-c„‡ôi k³
¯—i ev µv÷ g¨v›U‡ji †fZ‡i Mfx‡i Xy‡K hvq|4
GKwU Avqv‡Z ce©Zgvjvi GB f~wgKv‡K Ò†c‡i‡KiÓ f~wgKvi m‡½ Zzjbv Kiv n‡q‡Q t
Avwg wK Rwgb‡K Kwiwb weQvbv m`„k ?
Ges cvnvomg~n‡K †c‡iK¯^iƒc ? (†KviAvb,78 t 6-7)
Ab¨ K_vq ce©Zgvjv¸‡jv f~c„‡ôi Dc‡i I bx‡P Mfx‡i ewa©Z n‡q †c­U¸‡jv‡K Zv‡`iB mwÜ
ev wgjb¯ ‡j w¯ ifv‡e a‡i iv‡L| Gfv‡e Zviv c„w_exi Dc‡ii ¯—i ev µv÷‡K `„pfv‡e G‡uU iv‡L
Avi g¨vMgv ¯—‡ii Dc‡i wKsev †c­U¸‡jvi gv‡S µv÷ Gi †f‡m hvIqv‡K cÖwZ‡iva K‡i| ms‡¶‡c
Avgiv ce©Zgvjv‡K †j․‡ni †c‡i‡Ki m‡½ Zzjbv Ki‡Z cvwi †h¸‡jv wKbv Kv‡Vi wewfbœ UzKiv‡K
GK‡Î AvU‡K iv‡L| ce©Zgvjvi Giƒc †m‡U ev G‡U aivi KvRwU weÁvb mvwn‡Z¨ Isostasy kã
Øviv ewY©Z i‡q‡Q| Isostasy ej‡Z hv eySvq Zv wbgœiƒc t
Isostasy t gva¨vKl©bRwbZ Pv‡ci d‡j f~c„‡ôi bx‡P mn‡R eµ nq Ggb cv_i RvZxq
wRwbl Øviv c„w_exi µv÷ ev Dcwi¯—‡ii mvaviY fvimvg¨ eRvq _v‡K|5
ce©Zgvjvi GB ¸i Z¡c~Y© KvRwU eû kZvãx c~‡e© ‡KviAv‡b D‡j­L Kiv n‡qwQj hv wKbv AvR
AvaywbK f~weÁv‡b I •eÁvwbK M‡elYv Øviv D‡b¥vwPZ n‡q‡Q - GwU Avj­vn ZvAvjvi m„wó‡Z m‡e©v‪P
weÁZviB D`vniY|
Avi Avwg Rwg‡bi Dci my`„k ce©Zgvjv m„wó K‡iwQ hv‡Z Zv‡`i‡K wb‡q Rwgb Szu‡K bv

34. c‡o ; Ges Avwg †mLv‡b cÖk¯— cÖk¯— iv¯—v m„wó K‡iwQ †hb Zviv Mš—e¨¯ ‡j ‡cu․Q‡Z
cv‡i| (†KviAvb, 21 t 31)
ce©Zgvjvi MwZkxjZv
ce©Z¸‡jvi w`‡K ZvKv‡j g‡b nq †hb Giv w¯ i, AwePj| cÖK…Zc‡¶ e¨vcviwU Zv bq|
Avm‡j cÖwZwbqZB ce©Zgvjv i‡q‡Q mPj, MwZkxj| GB e¨vcviwU †KviAv‡bi GKwU Avqv‡Z
D‡j­wLZ Av‡Q t
Avi Zzwg ce©Zmg~n‡K †`‡L AUj-APj g‡b Ki, A_P G¸‡jv †mw`b †gNivwki b¨vq
Pjgvb n‡e| G nj Avj­vni m„wó ‣bcyY¨, whwb mewKQz‡K K‡i‡Qb mylg-mymsnZ| †Zvgiv
hv wKQz KiQ, wZwb Zv mg¨K AeMZ Av‡Qb| (†KviAvb, 27 t 88)
c„w_exi Dcwi¯—i (Crust), hvi Dc‡i ce©Zmg~n Aew¯ Z, ‡m ¯—‡ii (Crust) bovPovB
ce©Zgvjvi MwZkxjZvi KviY | bx‡P AwaKZi cyi Av†iKwU ¯—i i‡q‡Q hv‡K ejv nq g¨v›Uj ;
g¨v›U‡ji Dc‡i fvmgvb i‡q‡Q GB Dcwi¯—iwU(Crust)| GwU wQj wesk kZvãxi cÖ_g fvM, hLb
Rvg©vb weÁvbx Alfred Wegner BwZnv‡m me©cÖ_g cÖ¯—ve K‡ib †h cÖ_g hLb c„w_exi m„wó nq,
gnv‡`kMy‡jv GK‡Î mshy³ Ae¯ vq wQj| wKš‧ Gici Giv ‡f‡m wewfbœ w`‡K Qwo‡q hvq| Avi
Gfv‡eB bovPovi Kvi‡Y GKwU Av‡iKwU †_‡K `~‡i m‡i hvq|
Wegner Gi g„Zz¨i cÂvk eQi ci 1980 Gi `k‡K f~-ZË¡we`MY Wegner Gi GB
cÖ¯—vewU mwVK wQj e‡j eyS‡Z cv‡ib| 1915 mv‡j Wegner GKwU AvwU©K‡j wb‡`©k K‡ib †h,
cÖvq 500 wgwjqb eQi Av‡M fyc„‡ôi ¯ jfvMmg~n GKm‡½ mshy³ Ae¯ vq wQj| Avi GB e„nr
¯ jfvMwU c„w_exi `w¶Y †gi ‡Z wQj Pangaea bv‡g|
cÖvq 180 wgwjqb eQi c~‡e© Pangaea `ywU fv‡M fvM n‡q wewfbœ w`‡K †f‡m P‡j hvq| G‡`i
gv‡S Gondwana bv‡g e„nr GKwU gnv‡`k wQj, hv‡Z we`¨gvb wQj AvwdªKv, A‡óªwjqv, G›UvwU©Kv

35. Avi BwÛqv| wØZxq AskwU wQj Laurasia bv‡g, †h_vq Aew¯ Z wQj BD‡ivc, DËi Av‡gwiKv
Avi BwÛqv ev‡` Gwkqv| GB c„_KxKi‡bi ci 150 wgwjqb eQi a‡i Gondwana Avi
Laurasia ¶z`ª ¶z`ª fv‡M Avjv`v n‡q hvq|
The Movement of the
Continent
evg w`‡Ki QwewU AZx‡Z gnv‡`k¸‡jvi
Ae¯ vb cÖ`k©b Ki‡Q| gnv‡`k¸‡jvi
bovPov Ggbfv‡eB Pj‡Z _vK‡e e‡j hw`
Avgiv a‡i †bB Zvn‡j wgwjqb wgwjqb
eQi ci G¸‡jvi Ae¯ vb n‡e Wvb w`‡Ki
Qwe¸‡jv‡Z cÖ`wk©Z Ae¯ vi b¨vq|
200 wgwjqb
eQi Av‡M
135 wgwjqb eQi
Av‡M
65 wgwjqb
eQi c~‡e©
AvR
50 wgwjqb eQi ci
cwðgfvM
50wgwjqb eQi ci
c~e©fvM

36. Pangaea wefw³i ci Avwef©~Z GB gnv‡`k¸‡jv f~c„‡ôi Dc‡i Aweivg m‡i hv‡‪Q, cÖwZ
eQ‡i K‡qK †mw›UwgUvi K‡i| BwZg‡a¨ c„w_exi ¯ jfvM Avi mgy‡`ªi AbycvZI e`‡j wM‡q‡Q|
wesk kZvãxi †Mvuovi w`‡K Pvjv‡bv M‡elYvq D`NvwUZ f~c„‡ôi KwVb AveiY µv÷ Gi bov
Pov weÁvbxMY wbgœiƒ‡c e¨vL¨v K‡ib t
Crust Avi Mantle Gi m‡e©vcwiw¯ Z ¯—iwU cÖvq 100 wK‡jvwgUvi cyi Z¡ wb‡q
wewfbœ L‡Û wef³ nq hv‡`i Plate ejv n‡q _v‡K| QqwU eo eo Avi K‡qKwU
†QvU LvU †c­U we`¨gvb i‡q‡Q GLv‡b| Plate Tectonics bvgK w_Iix
Abymv‡i GB †c­U¸‡jv Zv‡`i m‡½ gnv‡`k Avi mgy‡`ªi ZjfvM wb‡q f~c„‡ô b‡o
P‡o Ny‡i †eovq| cwigvc K‡i †`Lv †M‡Q †h, gnv‡`k¸‡jvi GB MwZ eQ‡i cÖvq
1-5 †mw›UwgUvi| ‡c­U¸‡jv †h‡nZz AweiZ Pjgvb i‡q‡Q †m‡nZz c„w_exi f~‡Mv‡j
axi MwZi cwieZ©b n‡e| `„óvš—¯^iƒc cÖwZ eQi AvUjvw›UK gnvmvMi GKUz GKUz
K‡i cªk¯— †_‡K cÖk¯—Zi n‡‪Q|6
GLv‡b GwU D‡j­L Kivi g‡Zv ¸i Zc~Y© GKwU c‡q›U t AvqvZwU‡Z Avj­vn ZvAvjv ce©Zgvjvi
bovPov‡K Pjgvb ev cÖevwnZ nIqv wn‡m‡e D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| AvR AvaywbK weÁvbxMYI GB MwZi
Rb¨ Ógnv‡`‡ki cÖevnÓ (continental drift) kãwU e¨envi K‡i‡Qb| 7
cÖkœvZxZfv‡eB GwU †KviAv‡bi GKwU A‡j․wKKZ¡| wesk kZvãx‡Z m¤cÖwZ †mw`b hv weÁvb
Øviv Avwe®K…Z n‡q‡Q ZvB †KviAv‡b A‡bK Av‡MB †NvwlZ n‡qwQj|
‡j․‡n A‡j․wKKZ¡
cweÎ †KviAv‡b †j․n‡K avZz wn‡m‡e we‡kl ¸i ‡Z¡i m‡½ D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| m~iv nv`x‡`
†j․n m¤ú‡K© Avgiv hv AeMZ nB Zv wbgœiƒc t

37. Avi Avwg ‡cÖiY K‡iwQ ‡j․n, hv‡Z i‡q‡Q cÖPÛ kw³ Ges gvby‡li Rb¨ Av‡iv eûwea
DcKvi| (†KviAvb, 57 t 25)
AvqvZwU‡Z GKgvÎ †j․‡ni Rb¨ Ò†cÖiY K‡iwQÓ kãwU we‡klfv‡e e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q| ‡j․n‡K
gvby‡li DcKv‡ii Rb¨ ‡`qv n‡q‡Q Ñ DcgvMZfv‡e G A‡_©I kãwU e¨eüZ n‡Z cv‡i| wKš‧
kãwUi Av¶wiK A_© hLb Avgiv we‡ePbvq Avwb, hvi A_© n‡jv Ó†j․n‡K ev¯—weKB mkix‡i
AvKvk †_‡K wb‡gœ cvVv‡bv n‡q‡QÓ- ZLb Avgiv ü`qsMg ev Dcjwä Ki‡Z cvwi †h, AvqvZwU
we‡klfv‡e Zvrch©c~Y© •eÁvwbK A‡j․wKK e¨vcv‡ii BswMZ w`‡‪Q|
†Kbbv AvaywbK †R¨vwZwe©`¨vq cÖvß Z_¨mg~n D`NvUb K‡i‡Q ‡h, Avgv‡`i c„w_ex‡Z cÖvß †j․n
gnvk~‡Y¨i wekvj wekvj b¶Îmg~n †_‡K G‡m‡Q|
gnvwe‡k¦ eo eo b¶‡Îi ‡K‡›`ª fvix avZz¸‡jv Drcbœ n‡q _v‡K| wKš‧ Avgv‡`i †m․i RM‡Zi
b¶Î¸‡jvi wb‡R‡`i †j․n Drcbœ Kivi g‡Zv h_v‡hvM¨ MVb †bB| m~‡h©i †P‡qI eo eo b¶Î
†hLv‡b ZvcgvÎv K‡qK wgwjqb wWMÖx‡Z †c․u‡Q, †mLv‡bB †Kej †j․n Drcbœ n‡Z cv‡i| GKwU
b¶‡Î hLb †j․‡ni cwigvY wbw`©ó mxgvi †P‡q Qvwo‡q hvq, ZLb b¶ÎwU †m cwigvY Avi aviY
K‡i ivL‡Z cv‡i bv| Ae‡k‡l Zv we‡ùvwiZ nq Ggbfv‡e hv‡K ejv nq †bvfv ev mycvi †bvfv|
GB we‡ùvi‡Yi d‡j †j․n enbKvix Dév¸‡jv wek¦eªþv‡Û Qwo‡q wQwU‡q hvq Ges Zviv ZZ¶Y
ch©š— k~‡Y¨ Pjv‡div K‡i hZ¶b ch©š— gnvk~Y¨RvZ c`v_©My‡jvi gva¨vKl©bRwbZ ej Øviv AvK…ó bv
nq|
G mewKQz GUvB cÖgvY K‡i ‡h, †j․n c„w_ex‡Z Drcbœ nqwb eis Zv gnvk~‡Y¨i we‡ùvwiZ
b¶Î¸‡jv n‡Z Dév w`‡q enb K‡i wb‡q Avmv n‡q‡Q c„w_ex‡Z Ges ÓAvgiv †cÖiY K‡iwQ †j․nÓ-
AvqvZwU‡Z †hgb ejv n‡q‡Q wVK †Zgwb fv‡eB †j․n‡K cvVv‡bv n‡q‡Q| GUv ¯úó †h, mßg
kZvãx‡Z †KviAvb hLb bvwhj nq ZLbKvi mgq G welqwU weÁvb w`‡q cÖgvY Kiv hvqwb|

38. ‡Rvovq †Rvovq m„wó
cweÎ gnvb wZwb, whwb †Rvov †Rvov K‡i m„wó K‡i‡Qb Dw™¢`, gvbyl Ges Zviv hv‡`i‡K
Rv‡b bv Zv‡`i cÖ‡Z¨K‡K| (†KviAvb, 36 t 36)
hw`I †Rvov ev hyMj kãwU Øviv cyi l Avi bvixi †RvovB aviYv Kiv n‡q _v‡K, Ò......wKš‧
Zviv hv‡`i‡K Rv‡b bv Zv‡`i cÖ‡Z¨K‡K .......Ó- G Dw³wUi Avevi we¯—…Z cwim‡ii e¨envi A_ev
e¨vL¨v i‡q‡Q| Aaybv GB AvqvZwUi GKwU e¨vL¨vi mZ¨Zv cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q|
weªwUk weÁvbx Paul Dirac 1933 mv‡j c`v_© we`¨vq †bv‡ej cyi®‥vi weRqx n‡qwQ‡jb| wZwb
cÖ¯—ve K‡ib †h,e¯—ymg~n †Rvovq †Rvovq ev hyMj wn‡m‡e m„wó n‡q‡Q|”Parite”bv‡gi GB
Avwe®‥vi GUvB e‡j †h, cÖwZwU e¯‧iB (Matter) i‡q‡Q Gi wecixZ cÖwZe¯‧ (Antimatter)|
A_©vr cÖwZwU e¯‧B wecixZ ¸Yvejxi cÖwZe¯‧i m‡½ †Rvovq †Rvovq ev hyMjiƒ‡c we`¨gvb i‡q‡Q|
`„óvš— ¯^iƒc,cÖwZwU e¯‧i cigvYyi •ewk‡ó¨i wVK D‡ëv •ewkó¨ enb K‡i ZviB cÖwZe¯‧| A_©vr e¯‧i
D‡ëv cÖwZwU cÖwZe¯‧i i‡q‡Q abvZ¥K we`y¨revnx B‡jKUªb Avi FYvZ¥K we`y¨revnx †cÖvUb| GK
•eÁvwbK m~‡Î welqwU wbgœiƒ‡c ewY©Z i‡q‡Q t
ÒcÖwZwU KYviB (Particle) wecixZ we`¨yrevnx cÖwZKYv (Anti-particle) we`¨gvb
i‡q‡Q----- Avi AwbwðZ m¤úK© GUvB Avgv‡`i e‡j ‡h, †Rvovq †Rvovq ev hyM‡ji
m„wó ev aŸsm k~‡Y¨ mKj mgq mKj ¯ v‡b N‡U _v‡K|Ó8
mg‡qi Av‡cw¶KZv
AvR mg‡qi Av‡cw¶KZv GKwU cÖgvwYZ mZ¨| wesk kZvãxi cÖ_g w`‡Ki eQi¸‡jvq G
welqwU weÁvbx AvBbóvB‡bi Av‡cw¶KZvi w_Iix ev ZË¡ (Theory of Relativity) Øviv

39. D‡b¥vwPZ ev cÖgvwYZ nq| A_P ZLbI ch©š— gvbyl RvbZ bv †h mgq Avm‡j GKwU Av‡cw¶K ev
Zzjbvg~jK aviYv Avi Zv cwi‡ek Abyhvqx cwiewZ©Z n‡Z cv‡i| wKš‧ weL¨vZ weÁvbx AvjevU©
AvBbóvBb GB welqwU cÖKv‡k¨ Av‡cw¶KZvi w_Iix w`‡q cÖgvY K‡i †`Lvb| wZwb cÖgvY K‡ib
†h, mgq fi (mass) Avi †e‡Mi (velocity) Dci wbf©ikxj| gvbe RvwZi BwZnv‡m Gi Av‡M
Avi ‡KD G welqwU cwi®‥vifv‡e cÖgvY ev cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb|
A_P wfbœfv‡e cweÎ †KviAv‡b G welqwU Aš—f©~³ i‡q‡Q †h, mgq Av‡cw¶K| welqwU m¤ú‡K©
K‡qKwU AvqvZ hv e‡j Zv wbgœiƒc t
Avi Zviv Avcbv‡K Avhve Z¡ivwš^Z Kivi Rb¨ ZvMv`v Ki‡Q| A_P Avj­vn KLbI Zvui
Iqv`v f½ K‡ib bv| wbðq Avcbvi i‡ei Kv‡Q GKw`b †Zvgv‡`i MYbvi GK nvRvi
eQ‡ii mgvb| (†KviAvb, 22 t 47)
wZwb Avmgvb †_‡K Rwgb ch©š— hveZxq welq cwiPvjbv K‡ib, Ae‡k‡l Zv Zvui mgx‡c
Ggb GKw`‡b †cu․Qv‡e, hvi cwigvY n‡e †Zvgv‡`i MYbvbyhvqx nvRvi eQ‡ii mgvb|
(†KviAvb, 32 t 5)
†d‡ikZvMY Ges iƒn Avj­vni mgx‡c Av‡ivnY K‡i hvq Ggb GK w`‡b, hvi cwigvY
cÂvk nvRvi eQi| (‡KviAvb, 70 t 4)
mg‡qi aviYvwU m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c wbf©i K‡i †h mgqwU Dcjwä Ki‡Q Zvi Dci| ‡Kvb GKwU wbw`©ó mgq
GKR‡bi Kv‡Q ¯^í mgq wn‡m‡e Abyf~Z n‡Z cv‡i †hLv‡b GwUB Avevi Av‡iKR‡bi Kv‡Q g‡b n‡Z
cv‡i j¤^v mgq| GLv‡b †K mwVK †mwU Rvb‡Z n‡j Nwo Avi †K‡jÛv‡ii g‡Zv wKQz wRwbl ivLv `iKvi|
G¸‡jv Qvov mwVKfv‡e mgq wbY©q Kiv Am¤¢e|

40. wKQz wKQz Avqv‡Z wb‡`©wkZ i‡q‡Q †h, gvbyl wfbœ wfbœ fv‡e mgq‡K Dcjwä K‡i _v‡K Avi
KLbI KLbI Lye msw¶ß ev Aí mgq‡K AwZ j¤^v mgq wn‡m‡e Dcjwä K‡i _v‡K | ciKv‡j
†kl wePv‡ii w`b gvbyl †hgb ai‡Yi K_v-evZ©v ej‡e Zv GwUiB GKwU cwi®‥vi D`vniY t
Avj­vn ej‡eb t eQ‡ii MYbvq †Zvgiv c„w_ex‡Z KZ mgq Ae¯ vb K‡iwQ‡j ?
Zviv ej‡e t Avgiv GKw`b A_ev w`‡bi wKQy Ask Ae¯ vb K‡iwQjvg| AZGe Avcwb
MYbvKvix †d‡ikZv‡`i wR‡Ám Ki b|
Avj­vn ej‡eb ; †Zvgiv †mLv‡b Aí mgqB Ae¯ vb K‡iwQ‡j hw` †Zvgiv Zv Rvb‡Z ?
(†KviAvb, 23 t 112)
cÖK…Z mZ¨ e¨vcviwU n‡jv †h 610 mb ‡_‡K bvwhj n‡Z _vKv †KviAv‡b mg‡qi Av‡cw¶KZv
welqwU AZ¨š— ¯úófv‡e D‡j­wLZ n‡q‡Q - GwU ‡KviAvb cweÎ MÖš nIqvi c‡¶ Av‡iv GKwU
cÖgvY|
e„wói AbycvZ
e„wó m¤ú‡K© cweÎ †KviAv‡b cÖ`Ë Z_¨vejxi gv‡S GKwU n‡jv †h, c„w_ex‡Z e„wó cwiwgZ
cwigv‡Y cwZZ ev ewl©Z n‡q _v‡K| m~iv hyLi ‡d GwU wbgœiƒ‡c D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q t
Avi whwb Avmgvb †_‡K cvwb el©Y K‡ib wbw`©ó cwigv‡Y| Zvici Avwg †m cvwbi mvnv‡h¨
g„Z Rwgb‡K mÄxweZ Kwi| Giƒ‡cB †Zvgv‡`i‡K †ei K‡i Avbv n‡e|
(†KviAvb, 43 t 11)

41. AvaywbK M‡elYvq e„wói cwiwgZ wbw`©ó cwigvY Avev‡iv GKevi D`&NvwUZ n‡q‡Q| Av›`vR Kiv
n‡q‡Q †h, cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û f~-c„ô †_‡K cªvq 16 wgwjqb Ub cvwb ev®ú n‡q D‡e hvq| Avi eQ‡i G
cwigvYwU `vovq 513 wUªwjqb U‡b| Avi cvwb ev®ú nIqvi cwigvY cÖwZ eQ‡i f~-c„‡ô cwZZ
e„wóavivi cwigv‡Yi mgvb| Gi gv‡b GB `vovq †h, cvwb AweiZB GKwU Ówbw`©ó cwigv‡YÓ GKwU
mylg P‡µi g‡a¨ cÖevngvb| c„w_exi RxeRMr GB cvwb P‡µi Dc‡iB wbf©ikxj| GgbwK gvbyl
`ywbqvq mg¯— †UK‡bvjRx ev cÖhyw³ e¨envi K‡iI cvwbi GB PµwU K…wÎgfv‡e cyYi rcv`b Ki‡Z
mg_© n‡e bv|
GB fvimv‡g¨i gv‡S b~¨bZg cwieZ©bI c„w_exi cwi‡e‡k gvivZ¥K fvimvg¨nxbZv m„ó n‡e hvi
d‡j c„w_ex‡Z cÖv‡Yi Aw¯—‡Ë¡i Aemvb n‡Z cv‡i A_©vr Zv c„w_exi Rxe RM‡Zi g„Zz¨i KviY n‡q
`vuov‡e| wKš‧ Zv KLbI N‡U bv, †KviAv‡b †hgb K‡i ejv n‡q‡Q, wVK †Zgb K‡iB e„wó cÖwZ
eQ‡i wVK GKB wbw`©ó cwigv‡b ewl©Z n‡ZB _v‡K|
cÖwZ eQ‡i †h cwigvY cvwb ev®ú n‡q D‡e hvq Avi †h cwigvY cvwb e„wóavivq †b‡g
Av‡m- G `ywUiB cwigvY Òaª eÓ ev ÓAcwieZ©bxqÓ t 513 wUªwjqb Ub| †KviAv‡b
GB cwigvYwU †NvwlZ n‡q‡Q Gfv‡e tÓ Avi whwb Avmgvb †_‡K cvwb el©Y K‡ib wbw`©ó cwigv‡Y........Ó
GB cwigv‡Yi wbZ¨Zv ev AcwiewZ©Zv cwi‡ekMZ fvimv‡g¨i Aw¯—‡Ë¡i Rb¨ Avi Gfv‡e Rxe‡bi Rb¨
AZxe ¸i Z¡c~Y©|
Rxe‡bi Aw¯—‡Ë¡i Rb¨ AwZ Ri ix|

42. e„wói DrcwË
e„wó wKfv‡e nq ? G welqwU `xN© mgq ch©š— GKwU inm¨gq e¨vcvi wQj| †Kewj †mw`b hLb
AvenvIqv wbY©‡qi Rb¨ ivWvi Avwe®K…Z n‡jv, Zvi ci ciB e„wó Drcbœ nIqvi ch©vq¸‡jv Rvbv
‡Mj|
‡m Abymv‡i e„wó Drcbœ nq wZbwU ch©v‡q| cÖ_gZt Òe„wói KvuPvgvjÓ evqycÖev‡ni gva¨‡g Dc‡i
evZv‡m D‡V Av‡m, Gici †gNgvjv Drcbœ nq Avi Ae‡k‡l e„wóKYv †`Lv †`q| ‡KviAv‡b cÖ`Ë
e„wó Drcv`‡bi eY©bvwU wVK G c×wZiB D‡j­L K‡i‡Q| GKwU Avqv‡Z Avj­vn ZvAvjv e¨vcviwU
Gfv‡e eY©bv K‡i‡Qb t
Avj­vn Ggb mËv †h, wZwb evqy †cÖiY K‡ib, AZtci evqy †gNivwk‡K mÂvwjZ K‡i ;
Zvici wZwb †gNivwk‡K †hgb B‪Qv Avmgv‡bi k~Y¨gÛ‡ji g‡a¨ BZ¯—Zt Qwo‡q †`b,
Ges KLbI Zv LÛ weLÛ K‡i †`b ; AZtci Zzwg †`L‡Z cvI Zvi ga¨ †_‡K †ei n‡q
Av‡m e„wóaviv| wZwb hLb Zvui ev›`v‡`i g‡a¨ hv‡`i‡K B‪Qv Zv †c․uwQ‡q †`b, ZLb Zviv
Avb›` Ki‡Z _v‡K| (†KviAvb, 30 t 48)
Gevi Pjyb Avqv‡Z ewY©Z GB ch©vq¸‡jv Av‡iv cÖhyw³MZfv‡e cix¶v wbix¶v K‡i †`wL t
cÖ_g ch©vq t ÒwZwb Avj­vn Ggb mË¡v whwb evqy †cÖiY K‡ib ..............................Ó
mgy‡`ªi †dbvq Drcbœ evqyi AMwYZ ey`&ey`& weivgnxbfv‡e †d‡U wM‡q Rjxq KYvmg~n‡K
AvKv‡ki w`‡K Drw¶ß K‡i| Gici je‡Y cwic~Y© GB KYvMy‡jv evZv‡m evwnZ n‡q D‡aŸ©
evqygÛ‡j D‡V hvq| G‡ivmj bv‡gi GB KYv¸‡jv cvwbi dvu` wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i Avi wb‡R‡`i
Pviw`‡K cvwb ev®ú R‡ov K‡i Drcbœ K‡i †gNKYv|

43. wØZxq ch©vq t Ò..........evqy †gNivwk‡K mÂvwjZ K‡i Zvici wZwb †gNivwk‡K †hgb B‪Qv
Avmgv‡bi k~Y¨gÛ‡ji gv‡S BZ¯—Zt Qwo‡q †`b............. Ó
evZv‡m fvmgvb jeY ùwUK wKsev a~wjKYvi Pviw`‡Ki cvwb KwYKv Nbxf~Z n‡q Drcbœ nq
†gNgvjv| ‡Kbbv †gNgvjvq we`¨gvb cvwb KYv¸‡jv AZ¨š— ¶z`ª (.01-.02wgwj wgUvi e¨vm) nIqvq
†gNmg~n evZv‡m Sz‡j _v‡K Avi AvKv‡k Qwo‡q c‡o| Gfv‡eB †g‡N cwic~Y© n‡q †X‡K hvq
AvKvk|
Z…Zxq ch©vq t Ò Zzwg †`L‡Z cvI Zvi ga¨ †_‡K †ei n‡q Av‡m e„wóaviv...................|Ó
jeY ùwUK wKsev a~wjKYvi PZzw`©‡K wN‡i we`¨gvb cvwbKYv¸‡jv Nb I fvix n‡q •Zwi K‡i e„wói
KYv| Gici evZv‡mi †P‡q fvix e„wóKYv¸‡jv †gN †_‡K m‡i Av‡m Ges e„wóaviv wn‡m‡e gvwU‡Z
†b‡g Avm‡Z ïi K‡i|
Avgiv BwZg‡a¨ †`‡LwQ †h, e„wó Drcv`‡bi cÖwZwU avcB †KviAv‡bi AvqvZmg~‡n ewY©Z
i‡q‡Q| AwaKš‧ GK`g mwVK Abyµ‡g ev GKUvi ci Av‡iKwU ce© AZ¨š— mwVKfv‡e e¨vL¨v Kiv
n‡q‡Q| f~c„‡ô we`¨gvb Ab¨vb¨ welq ev e¯‧i b¨vq G welqwUi me‡P‡q mwVK e¨vL¨v Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb
gnvb Avj­vn ZvAvjv Avi Gfv‡eB gvbyl e„wói ch©vq¸‡jv D`NvUb Kivi kZ kZ eQi c~‡e©B
Avj-vn& ZvAvjv †m m¤^‡Ü gvbyl‡K AeMZ K‡ib| Ab¨ GKwU Avqv‡Z e„wói Drcv`b m¤ú‡K© wb‡gœi
Z_¨wU †`qv n‡q‡Q t
Zzwg wK †`L bv †h, Avj­vn †gNgvjv‡K mÂvwjZ K‡ib| Zvici †gN¸‡jv‡K GKÎ K‡ib
Ges c‡i Zv cyÄxf~Z K‡ib ¯—‡i ¯—‡i ; AZtci Zzwg †`L‡Z cvI ‡h, †m †g‡Ni ga¨
†_‡K wbM©Z nq e„wó| Avi wZwb Avmgvbw¯ Z cvnvom`„k †gNgvjv †_‡K el©Y K‡ib wkjv
Dc‡ii QwewU‡Z †`Lv hv‡‪Q †h cvwbi KYv¸‡jv evZv‡m gy³ n‡‪Q| e„wó •Zixi cÖ_g ch©vq GwU| Gi ci b~Zb
•Zix †g‡N cvwb KYv¸‡jv evZv‡m Sz‡j _v‡K Avi c‡i ‡m¸‡jv Nbxf~Z n‡q e„wó •Zix K‡i| Gme¸‡jv ch©vqB
†KviAv‡b ewY©Z Av‡Q|

44. Ges Zv w`‡q wZwb hv‡K B‪Qv AvNvZ K‡ib Ges hvi Dci †_‡K wZwb B‪Qv K‡ib Zv `~‡i
mwi‡q †`b| ‡m †g‡Ni we`y¨‡Zi PgK Ggb, †hb g‡b nq `„wókw³ cÖvq †K‡o †bq|
(m~iv b~i t 43)
weÁvbxMY †gNgvjvi cÖKvi ch©‡e¶Y Ki‡Z wM‡q e„wói †gN DrcwËi GK we¯§qKi djvd‡ji
gy‡LvgyLx nb| mywbw`©ó wm‡÷g I ch©vqmg~‡ni ga¨ w`‡q •Zix nq I AvKvi aviY K‡i e„wói
†gNgvjv| cyÄ cyÄ †gNgvjv GK ai‡Yi †gN hv wb‡gœi ch©vq¸‡jv‡Z av‡c av‡c •Zix nq|
1bs ch©vq t †gNgvjvmg~n mÂvwjZ n‡q _v‡K
evqycÖev‡ni gva¨‡g †gNgvjv evwnZ n‡q _v‡K|
2bs ch©vq t ms‡hvMxKiY, cyÄxf~ZKiY
Gi ci evqyevwnZ ¶`ª ¶z`ª †gNgvjv GKwÎZ n‡q •Zwi K‡i e„nËi †gN|9
3bs ch©vq t ¯‧cxK…Z nIqv ev ¯‧‡c ¯‧‡c Rgv nIqv
¶z`ª ¶z`ª †gNgvjv GK‡Î mshy³ n‡j e„n`vKvi †gNgvjvi gv‡S Updraft ‡e‡o hvq| GB
Updraft †gNgvjvi cÖvš—fv‡Mi †P‡q †K›`ªfv‡M †ekx †Rviv‡jv| G cÖwµqv‡Z †gN¸‡jv
LvovLvwofv‡e ev j¤^vjw¤^fv‡e Rgv n‡q evo‡Z _v‡K| Gfv‡eB †gNgvjvmg~n ¯—‡i ¯—‡i mw¾Z
nq| ‡g‡Ni GB Lvov e„w× †gN‡K evqygÛ‡ji kxZjZi ¯ v‡bi w`‡K †U‡b wb‡q hvq, ‡mLv‡bB
Drcbœ nq cvwbwe›`y Avi wkjv - G¸‡jvB e„nr †_‡K e„nËi n‡q e„w×cÖvß nq AvKv‡k| hLb GB
wkjv I cvwb we›`y¸wj †ekx fvix nq, hLb †g‡Ni GB Updraft Avi enb Ki‡Z cv‡i bv ZLb
†gN †_‡K Giv gvwU‡Z cwZZ n‡Z _v‡K e„wó, wkjv BZ¨vw`iƒ‡c|10
1.c„_K c„_K UzKiv †gN|
2. †gN¸‡jv hLb mshy³ nqZLb G‡`i wfZ‡i Updraft e„w× cvq| e„n`vKv‡ii †gN evo‡Z _v‡K Avi
†gNgvjvmg~n ¯‧cxf~Z nq|

45. 0†c­b, DcMÖn. Kw¤úDUvi GgbZi DbœZ cÖhyw³ e¨envi K‡i AvenvIqvwe`MY †Kewj AwZ
m¤cÖwZ †gN Drcv`b, MVb Avi Kvh©vejx m¤ú‡K© we¯—vwiZ Rvb‡Z †c‡i‡Qb - G welqwU Avgv‡`i
Aek¨B ¯§iY ivLv DwPZ| GwU ¯úó †h, Avj­vn Ggb GKwU Z_¨ w`‡q‡Qb hv 1400 eQi c~‡e©
gvby‡li Rvbv wQj bv|
¶z`ª ¶z`ª †gNgvjvmg~n (cyÄxf~Z †gNgvjv) evqy cÖev‡ni gva¨‡g evwnZ n‡q mshy³ nq hv bx‡Pi AvqvZwU‡Z
ewY©Z i‡q‡Q tÓ..... Avj­vn †gNgvjv‡K mÂvwjZ K‡ib| Zvici †gN¸‡jv‡K GKÎ K‡ib Ges c‡i Zv
cyÄxf~Z K‡ib ¯—‡i
¯—‡i.........|Ó
‡g‡Ni Updraft Gi d‡j ¯—‡i ¯—‡i †gNgvjv j¤^vjw¤^fv‡e e„w× cvq| j¤^vjw¤^ e„w×i d‡j †gN‡`nwU‡K
evqygÛ‡ji AwaKZi VvÛv A‡j †U‡b wb‡q hvq †hLv‡b e„wó KYv, wkjve„wó ‣Zwi n‡Z _v‡K, e„w× †c‡Z _v‡K|
hLb e„wóKYv Avi wkjve„wó AwZwi³ fvix n‡q hvq ZLb †g‡Ni GB Updraft Avi †gNgvjvmg~n‡K aviY Ki‡Z
bv cvivq †gN¸‡jv n‡Z e„wó, wkjve„wó bx‡P cwZZ n‡Z _v‡K| 1400 eQi Av‡M cweÎ †KviAv‡b m~iv b~‡ii 43
bs Avqv‡Z Avj­vn ZvAvjv †NvlYv K‡iwQ‡jb, Ó .....Zvici †gN¸‡jv‡K GKÎ K‡ib Ges c‡i Zv cyÄxf~Z K‡ib
¯—‡i ¯—‡i : AZtci Zzwg †`L‡Z cvI †h †m †g‡Ni ga¨ †_‡K wbM©Z nq e„wó|Ó

46. cÖPzi Drcv`bkxj evqy
evqycÖev‡ni cÖPzi Drcv`b ¶gZv wKsev De©iv ¶gZv i‡q‡Q| GwU evqyi GKwU •ewkó¨| GB
•ewkó¨wU Avi ZviB dj¯^iƒc e„wó Drcv`‡bi K_v ewY©Z n‡q‡Q cweÎ †KviAv‡bi GKwU Avqv‡Z|
ÓAvi AvwgB ‡cÖiY Kwi evqyivwk‡K hv enb K‡i cvwbc~Y© †gNgvjv¸‡jv‡K ; Zvici AvwgB
Avmgvb †_‡K e„wó el©Y Kwi Ges Zv †Zvgv‡`i cvb KivB........|Ó (†KviAvb, 15 t 22)
e„wócv‡Zi ev e„wó Drcv`‡bi cÖ_g ch©vq †h evqycÖevn - AvqvZwU‡Z †m wel‡qB g‡bv‡hvM
AvKl©Y Kiv n‡q‡Q | evZvm ev evqycÖevn †gNgvjv‡K fvwm‡q wb‡q hvq - evqycÖevn Avi e„wói
ga¨Kvi GB GKwU gvÎ m¤ú‡K©i K_vB Rvbv wQj wesk kZvãxi ïi i w`K ch©š—| hvB †nvK bv
†Kb AvaywbK AvenvIqv weÁvb †_‡K cÖvß Z_¨v¸‡jv nv‡Z Kj‡g †`wL‡q w`‡‪Q †h e„wó Drcv`‡bi
†¶‡Î evZ‡mi Drcv`bkxj ev De©iv ¶gZvi f~wgKv i‡q‡Q|
evqyi GB De©iv ev cÖPzi Drcv`bkxjZvi ¶gZv wbgœiƒ‡c KvR K‡i t
cvwbi †dwbj ev †dbvwqZ Kvh©vejxi Rb¨ gnvmgy`ª Avi mgy`ªc„‡ôi Dcwic„ô †_‡K AMwYZ
evqyi ey`&ey`& •Zix nq| wVK †h gyn~‡Z© ey`&ey&`&¸wj †d‡U hvq ZLbB gvÎ 100 fv‡Mi GK fvM
cwiwai nvRvi nvRvi ¶z`ª ¶z`ª KwYKv ‡ei n‡q G‡m Dc‡i evZv‡m DwÌZ nq|ÓG‡iv‡mvjÓ bv‡gi
GB KwYKv¸‡jv ¯ jfvM †_‡K evqy evwnZ a~wjKYvi m‡½ wg‡k f~wg †_‡K Dc‡i evqygÛ‡ji Dc‡ii
¯—i¸‡jvq D‡V hvq| evZv‡mi gva¨‡g GB KwYKv¸‡jv Av‡iv DPuy‡Z DwÌZ n‡q cvwb ev‡®úi
ms¯ú‡k© Av‡m| cvwbev®ú GB KwYKv¸‡jvi Pvicv‡k¦© Nbxf~Z n‡q cvwbKwYKvq iƒc †bq| cÖ_‡g
GB cvwbKYv¸‡jv GK m‡½ wg‡k †gN Drcbœ K‡i Avi evwiaviv wn‡m‡e †b‡g Av‡m aivZ‡j|
†`Lv †Mj †h, mgy`ª †_‡K e‡q wb‡q Avmv KwYKv¸‡jvmn evZv‡m fvmgvb cvwb ev®ú cÖPzi
cwigv‡Y Drcbœ nq GB evqycÖev‡ni gva¨‡g Avi ZviB dj¯^iƒc e„wói †gN •Zix‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i GB
evqycÖevn|
hw` evqyi GB •ewkó¨wU bv _vK‡Zv Zvn‡j evqygÛ‡ji Dc‡ii ¯—‡i KL‡bv cvwb we›`y •Zix
n‡Zv bv, d‡j e„wó bv‡gi GB c`v_©wU Drcbœ n‡Zv bv|

47. GLv‡b me‡P‡q ¸i Z¡c~Y© welqwU n‡jv kZ kZ eQi c~‡e© cweÎ †KviAv‡bi GKwU Avqv‡Z
evqygÛ‡ji AwZ cÖ‡qvRbxq f~wgKvwU ewY©Z n‡qwQj ZLbB, hLb gvbyl cÖvK…wZK e¨vcvi m¨vcvi
LyeB Kg Rvb‡Zv ........|
mvMimg~n KL‡bv wg‡k hvqbv
‡Kewj †mw`b mgy‡`ªi GKwU •ewkó¨ D`NvwUZ n‡q‡Q - hv wKbv cweÎ †KviAv‡bi GKwU
Avqv‡Zi m‡½ m¤úwK©Z, wb‡gœ †mB AvqvZwU n‡jv t
ÒwZwbB gy³fv‡e cÖevwnZ K‡ib `yB `wiqv, hviv ci¯úi wgwjZ n‡q _v‡K, wKš‧ Df‡qi
gvSLv‡b i‡q‡Q GKwU c`©v, hv Zviv AwZµg Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| (†KviAvb, 55 t 19-20)
Dc‡ii wPÎwU GKwU †XD Drcv`‡bi ch©vqmg~n cÖ`k©b Ki‡Q| cvwb c„‡ôi Dc‡i evwnZ
evqycÖev‡ni gva¨‡gB GB †XD¸‡jv Drcbœ nq| evZv‡mi Øviv GB cvwbwe›`y¸‡jv GKwU
†MvjvKvi Ave‡Z© AvewZ©Z n‡Z _v‡K| GB cªev‡ni ev MwZkxjZvi gva¨‡g G‡Ki ci GKwU
†XD •Zix nq| GB †XD¸‡jv •Zix K‡i ey`&ey` mg~n - hviv evZv‡m hvq Qwo‡q| e„wó Drcv`‡bi
cÖ_g ch©vq GwU| GB c×wZwUB †NvwlZ n‡q‡Q Gfv‡e t ÓAvwgB †cÖiY Kwi evqyivwk‡K hv enb
K‡i cvwbc~Y© †gNgvjv‡K Zvici AvwgB Avmgvb †_‡K e„wó el©Y KivB........|Ó

48. mgy`ª¸‡jv cvkvcvwk e‡q hvq, KvQvKwQ Av‡m wKš‧ KL‡bvB wg‡k hvqbv - mvMi¸‡jvi GB
•ewkó¨wU mv¤cÖwZK Kv‡j gnvmgy`ªwe`MY KZ©„K D`NvwUZ n‡q‡Q| Surface Tension ev
ewnc„‡ôi Uvb bvgK GK cÖvK…wZK kw³i Kvi‡YB cÖwZ‡ekx mgy‡`ªi cvwb KLbB GK‡Î wgwkªZ nq
bv| ewnc„‡ôi Uvb bvgK GB ejwUi m~ÎcvZ N‡U mvM‡ii cvwbi Nb‡Z¡i ZviZ‡g¨i Kvi‡Y- hv
wKbv GK mgy‡`ªi cvwb‡K Aci mgy‡`ªi m‡½ wgwkªZ n‡Z †`q bv| eis `ywU mgy‡`ªi cvwbi gv‡S
GKwU cvZjv AveiY wn‡m‡e we`¨gvb _v‡K|11
‡h hy‡Mi gvbyl c`v_©we`¨v, c„ôUvb wKsev gnvmgy`ªwe`¨v - G¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© †Kvb Ávb ev aviYvB
ivL‡Zv bv, wVK †m mg‡qB GB welqwU †KviAv‡b cÖKvwkZ nq- GwU GKwU weivU Avð‡h©i
e¨vcvi|
mgy‡`ªi Mfxi AÜKvi Avi Avf¨š—ixY Zi½gvjv
A_ev Zv‡`i Kvh©vejx AZ¨š— Mfxi mgy‡`ªi Zj‡`‡ki AÜKv‡ii b¨vq, hv‡K Av‪Qbœ K‡i
Zi‡½i ci Zi½, hvi Dc‡i i‡q‡Q Kv‡jv‡gN ; AÜKv‡ii Dci AÜKvi| GgbwK hLb
†KD Zvi nvZ †ei Ki‡e, ZLb †m Av‡`․ Zv †`L‡Z cv‡e bv| Avi hv‡K Avj­vn&
f~ga¨ mvMi Avi AvUjvw›UK gnvmvM‡i i‡q‡‡Q weivU weivU †XD, kw³kvjx cÖevn Avi we`y¨Z|
wReªvëvi cÖYvjxi gva¨‡g f~ga¨ mvM‡ii cvwb AvUjvw›UK gnvmvM‡i PvwjZ nq| wKš‧ †h GKwU
cÖvPxi ev †`qvj G‡`i Avjv`v K‡i †i‡L‡Q †mwUi Kvi‡YB G‡`i ZvcgvÎv, jeYË¡ I Nb‡Ëi
gv‡S †Kvb cwieZ©b N‡U bv|

49. †n`v‡q‡Zi b~i `vb bv K‡ib Zvi Rb¨ †Kv_vI †Kvb b~i †bB| (†KviAvb, 24 t 40)
Oceans bvgK eBwU‡Z Mfxi mgy‡`ªi mvaviY cwi‡e‡ki K_v ewY©Z n‡q‡Q t
Mfxi mgy`ª I gnvmgy`ªmg~‡ni Mfx‡i 200 wgUvi I ZviI bx‡P GK Avuavi cwi‡ek weivR
K‡i| G cwigvY MfxiZvq cÖvq †Kvb Av‡jv †bB| Avi cÖvq 1000 wgUvi MfxiZvq
GK`gB †Kvb Av‡jv _v‡K bv|12
Aaybv mgy‡`ªi mvaviY MVbcÖYvjx, Gi gv‡S we`¨gvb Rxemg~‡ni •ewkó¨vejx, Gi NbZ¡, Gi
aviYK…Z cvwbi cwigvY, Gi c„ôZj Avi MfxiZv m¤ú‡K© Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi| AvaywbK cÖhyw³
w`‡q •Zix Wy‡ev RvnvR I we‡kl hš¿vw`i gva¨‡g weÁvbxMY GB Z_¨mg~n †c‡Z cv‡ib|
†Kvb ai‡bi we‡kl hš¿vw`i mvnvh¨ Qvov gvbyl mvM‡ii 40 wgUvi Mfx‡i ev Av‡iv bx‡P Wye
w`‡Z ev †h‡Z cv‡i bv| ‡hgb, 200wgUvi Mfx‡i mgy‡`ªi Mfxi AÜKvi As‡k †Kvb cÖKvi mnvqZv
Qvov †eu‡P _vK‡Z cvi‡e bv gvbyl| G mg¯— Kvi‡YB weÁvbxMY m¤cÖwZ mgy`ª m¤ú‡K© my²vwZmy²
Z_¨vw` D`NvUb Ki‡Z m¶g n‡q‡Qb| A_P 1400 eQi Av‡MB m~iv b~‡i Ómgy‡`ªi AvuaviÓ kãwU
e¨eüZ n‡qwQj| GUv Aek¨B †KviAv‡bi A‡j․wKKZ¡ cÖgv‡Yi c‡¶ GKwU hyw³ †Kbbv G Z_¨wU
†KviAv‡b Ggb mgq cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q, hLb gvbyl gnvmgy‡`ªi Mfx‡i wM‡q Z_¨vw` Ly‡uR Avbvi
gZ †Kvb hš¿vw`i Aw¯—Z¡B wQj bv|
AwaKš‧, ÓZi‡½i ci Zi½, hvi Dc‡i i‡q‡Q Kv‡jv‡gN ; AÜKv‡ii Dci AÜKviÓ
- m~iv b~‡ii G AvqvZwUI †KviAv‡b ewY©Z Av‡iKwU A‡j․wKK welq wn‡m‡e Avgv‡`i `„wó AvKl©Y
K‡i _v‡K|
mv¤cÖwZK Kv‡j weÁvbxMY D`NvUb K‡i‡Qb †h, †mLv‡b i‡q‡Q Avf¨š—ixb Zi½gvjv
hviv Òcvwbi wfbœ wfbœ Nb‡Z¡i ¯—‡ii gv‡S m„wó n‡q wfbœ wfbœ ¯—‡i wfbœ wfbœ iƒ‡c Ae¯ vb
K‡iÓ| Avf¨š—ixb Zi½gvjv ev †XDmg~n mvMi I gnvmvMi mg~‡ni Mfxi cvwbi ¯—i¸‡jv
†X‡K _v‡K, †Kbbv DciKvi cvwbi †P‡q †fZ‡ii cvwbi i‡q‡Q †ekx gvÎvi NbZ¡|

50. Avf¨š—ixb Zi½gvjv Dcwi c„‡ôi Zi½gvjvi b¨vq KvR K‡i _v‡K| Dcwic„‡ôi
Zi½gvjvi g‡Zv Avf¨š—ixb Zi½gvjvI fv½‡Z cv‡i| ‡Kvb gvbe P¶z w`‡q bq eis †Kvb
GKwU wbw`©ó Ae¯ v‡bi ZvcgvÎv ev je‡Yi Nb‡Z¡i cwieZ©‡bi cix¶v-ch©‡e¶b K‡iB
Z‡e Avf¨š—ixb Zi½gvjv‡K mYv³ Kiv n‡q _v‡K|13
Qwe
Dc‡ii e¨vL¨v¸‡jvi m‡½ †KviAv‡bi Dw³mg~n mymvgÄm¨c~Y©| †Kvb cÖKvi M‡elYv e¨ZxZ
GKRb †Kej mgy`ªc„‡ôi †XD¸‡jv‡KB Pg©P‡¶ Ae‡jvKb Ki‡Z cv‡i| mgy‡`ªi Avf¨š—ixb Zi½
m¤ú‡K© AewnZ nIqv GKR‡bi c‡¶ Amva¨ e¨vcvi| Zvic‡iI m~iv b~‡i Avj-vn ZvAvjv mgy‡`ªi
wewfbœ Nb‡Z¡ Av‡iK ai‡Yi Zi‡½i cÖwZ Avgv‡`i g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y K‡i‡Qb| wbwðZfv‡eB AwZ
mv¤cÖwZKKv‡j weÁvbxMb hv D`NvUb Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Qb, Zv Av‡iv GKevi cÖgvY K‡i †h,
†KviAv‡bi cÖwZwU K_vB Avj­vn †mvenvbvj­vn ZvAvjvi K_v|
AvR‡Ki cÖhyw³ w`‡q cwigvc K‡i †`Lv †M‡Q †h, mg`ªc„‡ô kZKiv 3-30 Ask m~h©v‡jvK cÖwZdwjZ nq| Gi
ci Av‡jvi eY©vjxi cÖvq mvZwU is cÖ_g 200 wgUv‡i †kvwlZ nq †Kej bxj Av‡jv Qvov| (ev‡gi wPÎwU) cÖvq
1000wgUvi Zj‡`‡k G‡Kev‡iB ‡Kvb Av‡jv ‡bB| (Dc‡ii wPÎ) 1400 eQi Av‡M GB •eÁvwbK mZ¨wU m~iv
b~‡ii 40bs Avqv‡Z wb‡`©k Kiv n‡qwQj|
ev‡gi wPÎwU wfbœ wfbœ Nb‡Z¡i `ywU
¯—‡ii ga¨Kvi Avf¨š—ixb Zi½gvjv¸‡jv‡K wb‡`©k Ki‡Q| bx‡Pi ¯—iwU Dc‡ii ¯—i A‡c¶v AwaKZi
Nb| A_P •eÁvwbKfv‡eI mZ¨ G wb`k©bLvbvB cweÎ †KviAv‡b m~iv b~‡i 1400 eQi Av‡MB †NvwlZ
n‡qwQj- hv wK-bv †Kej †mw`b AvwRKvi •eÁvwbKMY D`NvUb Ki‡Z m¶g n‡q‡Qb|

51. gw¯—‡¯‥i †h AskUzKz Avg‡`i MwZwewa wbqš¿Y K‡i _v‡K
Avi Giƒc Kiv KLbB DwPZ bq, hw` †m Giƒc Kiv †_‡K wd‡i bv Av‡m, Z‡e Avwg Zv‡K
Aek¨B jjv‡Ui †Kk¸‪Q a‡i †nuPwo‡q wb‡q hve|
‡h †Kk¸‪Q wg_¨vPvix cvcvPvixi| (†KviAvb, 96 t 15-16)
Ò‡h †Kk¸‪Q wg_¨vPvix, cvcvPvixiÓ - Dc‡ii Avqv‡Zi GB Awfe¨w³wU mePvB‡Z
†K․ZznjKi| mv¤cÖwZK eQiMy‡jvq Pvjv‡bv M‡elYvq cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q †h, gw¯—‡®‥i wcªd«Ö›Uvj AÂj
hv gw¯—‡®‥i we‡kl we‡kl Kvh©vejx wbqš¿Y K‡i _v‡K, Zv gv_vi Lywji Af¨š—‡i m¤§yLfv‡M
we`¨gvb| weÁvbxMY GB A‡ji Kvh©vejx MZ lvU eQ‡i D`NvUb K‡i‡Qb, hv wKbv †KviAv‡b
1400eQi Av‡MB wb‡`©wkZ n‡qwQj| Avgiv hw` gv_vi Lywji †fZ‡ii Avi m¤§y‡Li As‡k `„wócvZ
Kwi Zvn‡j Avgiv †mwieªv‡gi d«›Uvj AÂjwU Lyu‡R cve| Essentials of Anatomy and
Physiology bv‡gi GKwU eB, hv‡Z GB A‡ji Kvh©vejxi Dc‡ii me©‡kl M‡elYvi djvd‡ji
K_v D‡j­L i‡q‡Q, †mB eBwU e‡j t
cwiKíbv Kivi Avi bovPov ïi Kivi Rb¨ DØy×Zv Avi `yi`wk©Zv gw¯—‡®‥i mvg‡bi
‡jv‡ei (frontal lobe ) m¤§y‡Li As‡k A_©vr wcÖdª›Uvj A‡j N‡U _v‡K| GwU mn‡hvMx
K‡U©‡·i AÂj...| 14
eBwU Av‡iv e‡j t
wcÖd«›Uvj A‡ji DØy× Kivi Kv‡R RwoZ _vKvi m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z wM‡q GwUI aviYv Kiv
nq †h, GB AÂjwU AvMÖvm‡bi Kvh©Ki †K›`ª |...15
ZvB †mwieªv‡gi GB AÂjwU cwiKíbv, DØy× Kiv Avi fvj I g›` AvPiY ïi Kiv Ges
mZ¨-wg_¨v ejvi Rb¨ `vqx|
GwU cwi¯‥vi eySv †Mj †h, Ò†h †Kk¸‪Q cvcvPvix, wg_¨vPvixiÓ - Dw³wUi m‡½ Dc‡ii
e¨vL¨vwU m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c m½wZc~Y©| weÁvbxMY MZ lvU eQ‡i †h welqwU Avwe®‥vi K‡i‡Q, ZvB A‡bK
A‡bK eQi Av‡M gnvb Avj-vn †KviAv‡b D‡j­L K‡ib|

52. gvbe wkïi Rb¥
gvbyl‡K wek¦v‡mi c‡_ Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡Z wM‡q ‡KviAv‡b eû ‣ewPÎgq wel‡qi D‡j­L i‡q‡Q|
KL‡bv ev AvKvk, KL‡bv cÖvYx RMr, KL‡bv ev Dw™¢`mg~n‡K Avj-vn gvby‡li Rb¨ mv¶¨ wn‡m‡e
eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| A‡bK Avqv‡Z gvbyl‡K AvnŸvb Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q wb‡R‡`i m„wó m¤ú‡K© g‡bv‡hvMx
n‡Z| cÖvqB gvbyl‡K g‡b Kwi‡q †`qv n‡q‡Q †h, †m wKfv‡e G c„w_ex‡Z Avmj, wK wK ch©v‡qi
g‡a¨ w`‡q †m G‡jv, Zvi †g․wjK ¯^fve wK ?
AvwgB †Zvgv‡`i m„wó K‡iwQ, Z‡e †Zvgiv †Kb wek¦vm KiQ bv ?
†Zvgiv wK ‡f‡e †`‡LQ †Zvgv‡`i exh©cvZ m¤ú‡K© ?
†Zvgiv wK Zv m„wó Ki, bv Avwg Zvi mªóv ? (‡KviAvb, 56 t 57-59)
eû Avqv‡Z gvby‡li Rb¥ Avi R‡b¥i A‡j․wKK Ask¸‡jvi Dci †Rvi †`qv n‡q‡Q| GB
AvqvZ¸‡jvq wKQz wKQz wel‡qi Z_¨vw` GZ cysLvbycysL †h, mßg kZvãx‡Z we`¨gvb †Kvb †jv‡Ki
c‡¶ Rvbv Am¤¢e wQj | G‡`i wKQz wKQz wbgœiƒc t
1. m¤ú~Y© exh© †_‡K gvbyl m„wó nqwb, Gi AZ¨š— ¶z`ªvsk †_‡K Zv m„wó n‡q‡Q (kyµvYy)|
2. cyi l †_‡KB wkïi wjsM wba©vwiZ nq|
3. gvby‡li å Y Rivqyi Mv‡q †Ruv‡Ki gZ †j‡M _v‡K|
4. gvbe wkï Rivqy‡Z wZbwU AÜKvi A‡j ‡e‡o D‡V|
‡KviAvb ‡h mg‡q bvwhj n‡q‡Q, ‡m mg‡qi gvby‡liv Rvb‡Zv †h, ‡h․Ywgj‡bi mgq †ei n‡q
Avmv ex‡h©i m‡½ gvbe R‡b¥i ‡g․wjK welqwUi m¤úK© i‡q‡Q| Avi bq gvm mgqmxgv c‡i ev‪Pv
Rb¥ MÖnb K‡i hv ¯úófv‡eB `„wóMÖvn¨ GKwU welq wQj ; GwU‡K Av‡iv NvwU‡q †`Lvi cÖ‡qvRb wQj
bv| hvB †nvK GB AvqvZ¸‡jvq ewY©Z welq¸‡jv †m mg‡qi gvby‡li Rvbvi cwiwa †_‡K Av‡iv
AwaK `~‡ii e¨vcvi wQj | hv wesk kZvãxi weÁvb KZ…©K mZ¨ e‡j cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q|

53. GLb Pjyb G‡Ki ci GK welq¸‡jvq hvB|
GKwe›`y exh©
‡h․Y wgj‡bi mgq cyi ‡li †`n †_‡K cÖwZev‡i 250 wgwjqb ïµKxU †ei n‡q Av‡m| gv‡qi
†`‡n ïµKxU GKwU `yiviƒn hvÎv Pvjvq wW¤^vYy‡Z ‡c․uQv ch©š— | 250 wgwjq‡bi gv‡S †KejgvÎ
GK nvRviwU ïµvYy wW¤^vYy ch©š— †c․uQz‡Z mdj n‡q _v‡K| GB cvuP wgwb‡Ui †`․o †k‡l GKwU
je‡Yi `vbvi A‡a©K AvKv‡ii GKwU wW¤^vYy ‡Kewj GKwU ïµvYy‡K Zvi ‡fZ‡i cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z ‡`q|
ZvB gvby‡li R‡b¥i mvisvk cyi exh© bq, eis GwU Zvi GKwU ¶y`ªvsk gvÎ| ‡KviAv‡b Zv e¨vL¨v
Kiv n‡q‡Q t
gvbyl wK g‡b K‡i †h, Zv‡K Ggwb †ewnmve †Q‡o †`qv n‡e ?
†m wK GKwe›`y ïµ wQjbv, hv gvZ…M‡f© wb‡¶c Kiv n‡qwQj ?
(†KviAvb, 75 t 36-37)
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, gvbyl meUzKz exh© †_‡K bq eis Gi AwZ Aí Ask †_‡K gvbyl m„wó n‡q
_v‡K| we‡kl ¸i Z¡ †`qv GB Dw³wU Ggb GKwU wel‡qi †NvlYv Ki‡Q hv ‡Kewj AvaywbK weÁvb
KZ©„K Avwe®K…Z n‡q‡Q | ZvB GB Dw³wU †h ¯^M©xq GwU ZviB cÖgvY|
ev‡gi QwewU‡Z Avgiv †`wL †h, Rivqy‡Z exh© Drw¶ß n‡‪Q| cyi ‡li †`n n‡Z †ei nIqv 250wgwjqb ïµKx‡Ui
g‡a¨ gvÎ Aí msL¨K kyµKxUB wW¤^vYyi w`‡K cwiPvwjZ n‡Z cv‡i| ‡h nvRvi Lv‡bK ïµKxU †eu‡P _vK‡Z cv‡i
Zv‡`i gv‡S gvÎ GKwU ïµvYy wW¤^vYy‡K wbwl³ Ki‡Z cv‡i| gvbyl cy‡iv exh© bq eis GKwU ¶z`ªvsk †_‡K m„ó
n‡q‡Q †mwU †KviAv‡b ewY©Z n‡q‡Q ÒGK we›`y ïµÓ wn‡m‡e|

54. ex‡h©i wgkªY
exh© bvgK Zij c`v_©wU ïaygvÎ ïµvYy wb‡qB MwVZ bq| wecixZµ‡g GwU Avm‡j wewfbœ Zij
c`v‡_©i wgkªY| GB Zij c`v_©wUi wewfbœ KvR i‡q‡Q| ‡hgb, G‡Z ïµKx‡Ui kw³ mieiv‡ni
Rb¨ kK©iv _v‡K, Rivqy‡Z i cÖ‡ek c‡_i GwmW wbw®…q K‡i _v‡K GB Zij c`v_©wU, Avi
ïµKxUwUi mnR MwZwewai Rb¨ GKwU wcw‪Qj cwi‡ek eRvq iv‡L|
h‡_ó ‡K․Z~n‡ji welq n‡jv †h, †KviAv‡b GB ex‡h©i K_v D‡j­wLZ Av‡Q Avi GwU‡K Zij
c`v‡_©i wgkªY e‡j msÁvwqZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| A_P AvaywbK weÁvb †Kej †mw`b GwU Avwe®‥vi Kijt
Avwg‡Zv gvbyl‡K wgkª ïµwe›`y †_‡K m„wó K‡iwQ Zv‡K cix¶v Kivi Rb¨ ; G Kvi‡Y Avwg
Zv‡K K‡iwQ kªeYkw³ m¤úbœ I `„wókw³ m¤úbœ| (†KviAvb, 76 t 2)
Ab¨ GKwU Avqv‡Z exh©‡K Avevi wgkª Zij c`v_© wn‡m‡e D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q Avi gvbyl‡K †h
GB Zi‡ji wbh©vm †_‡K m„wó Kiv n‡q‡Q †mwU †Rvi w`‡q ejv n‡q‡Q|
whwb AZ¨š— my›`iiƒ‡c Zvui cÖ‡Z¨KwU m„wó‡K m„Rb K‡i‡Qb Ges gvbyl m„wói m~PYv
K‡i‡Qb Kv`vgvwU w`‡q, Zvici Zvi eskai‡K m„wó K‡ib bMY¨ cvwbi wbh©vm †_‡K|
(‡KviAvb, 32 t 7-8)
Aviex kã ÒmyjvjviÓ Abyev` Kiv n‡q‡Q wbh©vm wn‡m‡e, hvi gv‡b n‡jv †Kvb wKQzi `iKvix
A_ev DËg Ask wn‡m‡e| e¨ÄYv‡_©I Gi A_© GKwU ALÛ wRwb‡li GKwU Ask| GwU ‡`wL‡q †`q
†h, †KviAvb GK gnvkw³i K_v whwb gvby‡li m„wói cÖwZwU AYy cigvYy Ask Rv‡bb| Avi GB
gnvkw³kvjxB n‡j­b Avj­vn, gvby‡li m„wóKZ©v|

55. wkïi wj½
GB‡Zv †mw`b ch©š— aviYv Kiv n‡Zv †h, gvZ…‡Kvl w`‡q ev‪Pvi wj½ wbY©q n‡q _v‡K| A_ev
GUzKz Aš—Z wek¦vm Kiv n‡Zv †h evev-gv Df‡qi †Kvl w`‡q ev‪Pvi wj½ wbwY©Z nq| A_P cweÎ
†KviAvb Avgv‡`i wfbœ Z_¨ w`‡q _v‡K hv e‡j †h, ÓwbM©Z ïµwe›`y ‡_‡KÓ †g‡q ev †Q‡j wj½
wbwY©Z nq|
Avi wZwbB m„wó K‡i‡Qb †Rvov bi I bvix
ïµwe›`y †_‡K hLb Zv Mf©cvZ Kiv nq|
(†KviAvb, 5 t 45-46)
µ‡g DbœZ ‡R‡bwUKm Avi gwjwKDjvi ev‡qvjRxi kvLv †KviAv‡b cÖ`Ë GB Z_¨wU mZ¨ e‡j
cÖgvY K‡i‡Q| GLb eySv †M‡Q †h, cyi ‡li ïµKxU †_‡KB wj½ wbwY©Z nq Avi G cÖwµqvq bvixi
†Kvb f~wgKv †bB|
wj½ wba©vi‡Yi e¨vcv‡i †µv‡gv‡RvgB cÖavb Dcv`vb wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i _v‡K| mbv³ Kiv †M‡Q
†h 46wU †µv‡gvR‡gi gv‡S `yBwU gvby‡li MVb cÖK…wZ wbY©q K‡i Avi G¸‡jv‡K e‡j †m·
†µv‡gv‡Rvg| cyi ‡l G `ywU †µv‡gv‡Rvg n‡jv “XY” Avi bvix‡Z G `ywU “XX”| †Kbbv G `ywU
†µv‡gv‡Rv‡gi AvK…wZ G `ywU A¶‡ii g‡ZvB| Y †µv‡gv‡Rv‡g we`¨gvb Rxb¸‡jv cyi lvjx fv‡ei
†KvW ev ms‡KZ enb K‡i Avi X †µv‡gv‡Rvg ¯¿xmyjf fv‡ei †KvW enb K‡i _v‡K|
cweÎ †KviAv‡b ejv n‡q‡Q †h, ÓwbM©Z GK we›`y i DciÓ cyi lZ¡ ev bvixZ¡ welqwU wbf©i K‡i|
hvB †nvK †gvUvgywUfv‡e mv¤cÖwZK Kv‡jI wek¦vm Kiv n‡Zv †h, gvZ…‡Kvl n‡ZB wkïi wj½ wba©vwiZ
nq| ‡KviAv‡b cÖ`Ë GB Z_¨wU wesk kZvãxi weÁvb D`NvUb K‡i‡Q| gvby‡li Rb¥ m¤^‡Ü GwU Ges
eû Z_¨vw` kZvãx c~‡e© †KviAv‡b D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q |

56. G †µv‡gv‡Rvg؇qi †h †Kvb GKwUi µm K¤^vB‡bk‡bi gva¨‡g byZb GK gvbe mš—v‡bi
R‡b¥i m~ÎcvZ N‡U Avi G †µv‡gv‡Rvg¸‡jv cyi l Avi bvix‡Z †Rvovq †Rvovq Ae¯ vb K‡i|
Af~¨‡jk‡bi ( wW¤^vkq †_‡K wW¤^vYy †ei nIqvi mgq) mgq bvixi †m· †Kv‡li `ywU Ask `ywUfv‡M
wef³ nq, G`ywU AskB X †µv‡gv‡Rvg enb K‡i _v‡K| Ab¨w`‡K cyi ‡li †m· †Kvl `y ai‡Yi
ïµKxU ev ¯úvg© •Zix K‡i, G‡`i GKwU†Z _v‡K X ‡µv‡gv‡Rvg Avi Ab¨wU‡Z Y ‡µv‡gv‡Rvg|
hLb bvixi X †µv‡gv‡Rvg cyi ‡li X †µv‡gv‡Rv‡gi m‡½ wgwjZ nq ZLb ev‪PvwU n‡e †g‡q|
Avi hw` Zv cyi ‡li ïµvYyi Y †µ‡gv‡Rv‡gi m‡½ wgwjZ nq Z‡e ev‪PvwU n‡e †Q‡j|
Ab¨ K_vq cyi ‡li †h †µv‡gv‡RvgwU bvixi wW¤^vYyi †µv‡gv‡Rv‡gi m‡½ wgwjZ nq †mwUi DciB
wbf©i Ki‡Q ev‪Pvi †m· ev wj½|
wesk kZvãx‡Z †R‡bwU· Avwe®‥v‡ii Av‡M ch©š— GB Z_¨¸‡jv Rvbv m¤¢e wQj bv| ev¯—‡e eû
ms¯‥…wZ‡ZB wek¦vm wQj †h, ev‪Pvi wj½ wba©vwiZ nq bvixi †`n Øviv| Avi †mR‡b¨B Kb¨v mš—vb
Rb¥ wb‡j bvix‡KB †`vlx mve¨¯— Kiv nZ|
gvby‡li Rxb Avwe®K…Z nIqvi Av‡M †Z‡ivkZ eQi c~‡e© ‡KviAvb Z_¨ w`‡qwQj hv AÜ
wek¦vm cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i Ges wjsM wbY©‡q cyi ‡li f~wgKvi K_v e‡j|
Y ‡µv‡gv‡Rvg cyi lvjx •ewkó¨mg~n aviY K‡i _v‡K Avi X †µv‡gv‡Rv‡g bvixmyjf •ewkó¨ we`¨gvb|
gv‡qi wW¤^vY~‡Z _v‡K ïay X †µv‡gv‡Rvg hv bvixi ¯^fve wbY©q K‡i| wcZvi ex‡h© ïµvYy†Z _v‡K nq X
†µv‡gv‡Rvg A_ev Y ‡µv‡gv‡Rvg| myZivs ev‪Pvi wjsM wbf©i K‡i - wcZvi ïµvYyi X A_ev Y
†µv‡gv‡Rvg wW¤^vYy‡K wbwl³ K‡i wKbv Zvi Dci| Ab¨ K_vq AvqvZwU‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q wVK †Zgwb ev‪Pvi
wjsM wba©viYKvix Dcv`vb Av‡m cyi l †_‡K wbM©Z exh© †_‡K| GB ÁvbwU †KviAvb bvwhj nIqvi mg‡q
gvby‡li Rvbv wQj bv hv wKbv cÖgvY K‡i †h †KviAvb Avj-vniB K_v|

57. Rivqy‡Z AvU‡K _vKv i³wcÛ
gvbe wkïi Rb¥ m¤ú‡K© †KviAv‡b †NvwlZ Z_¨vw`mg~n hw` Avgiv ch©†e¶Y K‡i ‡h‡Z _vwK
Z‡e Avgiv AwZ ¸i Z¡c~Y© •eÁvwbK A‡j․wKK NUbvmg~‡ni m¤§yLxb ne|
cyi ‡li ïµKxU hLb gwnjvi wW¤^vYyi m‡½ wgwjZ nq ZLb Rb¥ †bqv wkïi †g․wjK Ask MwVZ
n‡q hvq| Rxewe`¨vq ÓRvB‡MvUÓ bv‡gi GKwU †Kvl Zr¶Yvr wefvR‡bi gva¨‡g cyYi rcv`b ïi
K‡i †`q Avi d‡j Zv å Y bvgK GKwU Ógvsmj wc‡ÛÓ cwiYZ nq| Aek¨ GwU gvbyl †Kej
gvB‡µv‡¯‥v‡ci mvnv‡h¨ †`L‡Z cv‡i|
hvB †nvK GB å Y c~Y©Zv jvf Kivi mgq Rivqy‡Z †Kewj k~‡Y¨ mgq KvUvq bv| †kKo †hgb
Gi AvuKwki gva¨‡g gvwU‡Z k³fv‡e †Mu‡_ _v‡K, å YI †Zgwb Rivqyi Mv‡q k³ n‡q †j‡M _v‡K|
G e܇bi gva¨‡g å Y Zvi e„w×i Rb¨ gv‡qi †`n †_‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq cywó †c‡q _v‡K|16
G wel‡q †KviAv‡b GKwU Zvrch©c~Y© A‡j․wKK welq cÖKvwkZ Av‡Q| gvZ…M‡f© å ‡Yi c~Y©Zv
jv‡fi e¨vcviwU D‡j­L Ki‡Z wM‡q Avj­vn ZvAvjv ÓAvjvK¡Ó kãwU e¨envi K‡i‡Qb t
cvV Ki b Avcbvi i‡ei bv‡g, whwb m„wó K‡i‡Qb|
whwb m„wó K‡i‡Qb gvbyl‡K RgvU i³ (AvjvK¡) †_‡K,
cvV Ki b, Avi Avcbvi ie AwZkq `qvjy | (†KviAvb, 96 t 1-3)
Aviex fvlvq ÒAvjvK¡Ó k‡ãi A_© Ggb ÓGKwU wRwbl hv †Kvb RvqMvq AvU‡K _v‡K|Ó
Av¶wiK A‡_© GKwU †Ruv‡Ki eY©bv †`qv hvq hv †Kvb †`‡n †j‡M †_‡K Zvi i³ †kvlY K‡i|

58. wbwðZfv‡eB gvZ…M‡f© å ‡Yi e„w×i †ejvq Ggb GKwU mwVK k‡ãi e¨envi Av‡iv GKevi
cÖgvY K‡i †h, †KviAvb mviv Rvnv‡bi gvwjK Avj­vn KZ…©K bvwhj n‡q‡Q|
gvsm Aw¯ ‡K Rwo‡q Ave„Z K‡i iv‡L
†KviAv‡bi Avqv‡Z ‡cÖwiZ Z_¨vw`i Av‡iKwU ¸i Z¡c~Y© w`K n‡jv gvZ…MnŸ‡i gvbe wkïi
e„w×i ch©vq¸‡jvi eY©bv| ‡m AvqvZmg~‡n D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, Rivqy‡Z Aw¯ mg~n cÖ_g •Zix n‡q
e„w×cÖvß nq Avi Zvici gvsm‡ckx m„ó n‡q ‡m¸‡jv‡K Rwo‡q †X‡K ‡`q|
Gici Avwg ïµwe›`y‡K cwiYZ Kwi Ggb ÕAvjv‡K¡Õ hv †j‡M _v‡K, Gici †m AvjvK¡‡K
cwiYZ Kwi wcÛ‡Z, Zvici †mB wcÛ †_‡K m„wó Kwi Aw¯ , c‡i Aw¯ ‡K †X‡K †`B
Rivqy‡Z cÖ_g c~Y©Zv jv‡fi mgq ev‪Pv RvB‡MvU AvKv‡i gv‡qi Rivqy‡Z ‡j‡M _v‡K †hb gv‡qi i³ †_‡K cywó
†c‡Z cv‡i| Dc‡ii wPÎwU GKwU RvB‡Mv‡Ui, hv †`L‡Z GKwU gvsmwc‡Ûi b¨vq| AvaywbK åyYwe`¨v GB MVbwU
Avwe®‥vi Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q hv wKbv cweÎ †KviAv‡b 1400 eQi Av‡MB A‡j․wKKfv‡e ÓAvjvK¡Ó kãwU Øviv D‡j­wLZ
n‡qwQj hvi A_© ÓGgb GKwU wRwbl hv‡Kvb RvqMv AvuK‡o c‡o _v‡KÓ| Avi G kãwU Øviv †Rvu‡Ki eY©bv †`qv
n‡q‡Q hv i³ †kvl‡Yi Rb¨ †`n‡K AvU‡K a‡i _v‡K|

59. †Mvk&Z w`‡q, Zvici Zv‡K M‡o Zzwj GK b~Zb m„wóiƒ‡c| myZivs KZ gnvb Kj¨vYgq
Avj­vn whwb m‡e©vËg mªóv| (†KviAvb, 23 t 14)
weÁv‡bi GKwU kvLv åƒYweÁvb gvZ…M‡f© 僇Yi e„w× wb‡q ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i | AwZ
mv¤cÖwZKKv‡ji åƒYZË¡we`M‡Yi aviYv wQj †h, gvsm Avi Aw¯ åƒY †_‡K GKB mg‡q m„ó n‡q
e„w×cÖvß nq| G Kvi‡Y `xN© mgq ch©š— wKQz wKQz †jvK `vwe Ki‡Z _v‡K †h, weÁv‡bi m‡½ G
AvqvZ¸‡jvi we‡iva i‡q‡Q| byZb cÖh~w³i ¸‡Y m„ó AvaywbK gvB‡µv‡¯‥v‡ci mvnv‡h¨ M‡elYv
Pvwj‡q D`NvwUZ n‡q‡Q †h †KviAv‡bi K_vB A¶‡i A¶‡i mZ¨|
Avbywe¶xwbK ch©v‡q cix¶v K‡i †`Lv †M‡Q †h, ‡KviAv‡bi AvqvZwU‡Z †hfv‡e eY©bv Kiv
Av‡Q wVK †mfv‡eB gvZ…M‡f© gvbe wkïi e„w× ev Dbœqb Pj‡Z _v‡K| cÖ_‡g 僇Yi
Dcvw¯ (cartilage) wUm~¨ Aw¯ ‡Z cwiYZ nq| Gici Aw¯ mg~‡ni Pviw`‡Ki wbe©vwPZ wUm~¨ Abyhvqx
gvs‡mi ‡Kvlmg~n GK‡Î G‡m Aw¯ mg~n‡K Ave„Z K‡i iv‡L|
‡KviAv‡b wkïi e„w×i eû ch©v‡qi eY©bv i‡q‡Q| †hgb m~iv gywgby‡bi †P․Ïbs Avqv‡Z ewY©Z
Av‡Q †h, Rivqy‡Z cÖ_g Dcvw¯ ¸‡jv Aw¯ ‡Z cwiYZ nq| G¸‡jv c‡i gvsm‡ckx w`‡q Ave„Z
nq| Avqv‡Z Avj­vn ZvAvjv Dbœq‡bi GB ch©vq¸‡jv‡K Gfv‡e eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, Ó......wcÛ‡K
c‡i Aw¯ ‡Z cwiYZ Kwi Avi Zvici gvsm‡ckx Øviv Aw¯ ‡K Rwo‡q †`B|Ó
nvwÇmg~n gvZ…M‡f© DbœxZ nIqv †kl n‡j c‡i GKwU wbw`©ó ch©v‡q gvsm †ckx w`‡q AvewiZ nq
ev †X‡K hvq|

60. GKwU •eÁvwbK cwÎKvq Developing Human bv‡g UvB‡Uj ‡`qv GKwU cwi‪Q‡` GB
NUbvwU Gfv‡e eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q t
mßg mßv‡ni w`‡K Aw¯ mg~n cy‡iv †`‡n Qwo‡q hvq Avi Zv‡`i cwiwPZ AvK…wZ aviY
K‡i | mßg mßv‡ni †klw`‡K Avi Aóg mßv‡n gvsm‡ckxmg~n Aw¯ mg~‡ni Pviw`‡K
Ae¯ vb MÖnY K‡i|17
ms‡¶‡c †KviAv‡b Rivqy‡Z gvby‡li e„w×cÖvwßi ch©vq¸‡jvi †h eY©bv †`qv n‡q‡Q Zv AvaywbK
åƒYwe`¨vi cÖvß Z_¨mg~‡ni m‡½ mvgÄm¨ weavb K‡i|
gvZ…M‡f© ev‪Pvi wZbwU ch©vq
gvbyl ‡h gvZ…M‡f© wZbwU wfbœ wfbœ ch©v‡q m„ó nq‡Q - GUvB ewY©Z n‡q‡Q cweÎ †KvivAv‡b t
...wZwb †Zvgv‡`i m„wó K‡i‡Qb †Zvgv‡`i gvZ…M‡f© GK Ae¯ vi ci Ab¨ Ae¯ vq wÎwea
AÜKv‡ii g‡a¨| wZwbB Avj­vn, †Zvgv‡`i ie, me©gq KZ„©Z¡ ZvuiB| wZwb Qvov †Kvb gvey`
†bB| AZGe †Zvgiv †Kv_vq wd‡i hv‪Q ? (†KviAvb, 39 t 6)
gvbyl †h gvZ…M‡f© wZbwU wfbœ wfbœ ch©v‡q m„ó n‡q‡Q ZvB AvqvZwU wb‡`©k K‡i e‡j eySv hv‡e|
mwZ¨B eZ©gvb Rxewe`¨v cÖKvk Ki‡Q †h, gvZ„M‡f© ¯úófv‡e wfbœ wfbœ wZbwU A‡j wkïi 僆Yi
e„w× nq | eZ©gv‡b wPwKrmvwe`¨vi cÖwZwU kvLvq cwVZ mg¯— åƒYw`¨vi eB¸‡jvq G welqwU †g․wjK
Áv‡bi GKwU Dcv`vb wn‡m‡e †bqv nq| D`vniY ¯^iƒc g~j åƒY we`¨vi ( åƒY we`¨vi kvLvq GwU
GKwU †g․wjK †idv‡iÝ) G mZ¨wU Gfv‡e Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q t Rivqy‡Z Rxe‡bi wZbwU chv©q i‡q‡Q

61. t cÖ_g AvovB mßvn Ñ åƒY cye©eZ©x Ae¯ v ( Pre-embryonic), AvUmßv‡ni †kl ch©š— åƒYve¯ v
(Embyonic), Avi AvU mßvn †_‡K Rb¥ ch©š— Ae¯ v (Fetal)|
GB Ae¯ vmg~n wkïi e„w×i mgq wewfbœ ch©v‡qi D‡j­L K‡i _v‡K| ms‡¶‡c GB cwic°
nIqvi mg‡qi wfbœ wfbœ •ewkó¨mg~n wbgœiƒc t
åƒY c~e©eZ©x ch©vq t
G ¯—‡i RvB‡MvU wefvR‡bi gva¨‡g e„w×cÖvß n‡q _v‡K Avi hLb GwU †Kvl¸‡‪Q (cell
cluster) cwiYZ nq ; GwU ZLb wb‡R‡K wb‡R Rivqyi †`qv‡j AvswkK XywK‡q ‡`q| hLb ewa©Z
n‡Z _v‡K ZLb †Kvl¸‡jv wb‡Riv wZbwU ¯—‡i mw¾Z nq|
åƒYve¯ v t
wØZxq GB ch©vqwU we`¨gvb _v‡K mv‡o cvuP mßvn| G mgq wkï‡K ejv nq åƒY| G mgq
†Kvl¯—i †_‡K †`‡ni †g․wjK A½vw` Avi Zš¿mg~n nvwRi nq|
åƒY cieZ©x Ae¯ v t
G Ae¯ v †_‡K åƒb‡K ejv nq wdUvm | Mf©ve¯ vi Aóg mßvn †_‡K G Ae¯ vwU ïi nq Avi
R‡b¥i gyn~Z© ch©š— G Ae¯ vwU we`¨gvb _v‡K| G ch©v‡q wfbœ GKwU •ewkó n‡jv †h gyL, nvZ Avi
cvmn wkïwU G ch©v‡q gvbe wkïi g‡Zv †`Lv hvq| hw`I cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q GwU gvÎ wZb †mw›UwgUvi
j¤^v, Z_vwc mg¯— A½- cÖZ¨½mg~n cwi®‥vifv‡e †`Lv hvq| G Ae¯ vwU wÎk mßvn eRvq _v‡K Avi
ev‪Pvi e„w× Rb¥ ch©š— Ae¨vnZ n‡Z _v‡K|
‡Kewj AvaywbK hš¿cvwZ w`‡q Ae‡jvK‡bi ciB gv‡qi Rivqy‡Z gvbe wkïi e„w×cvwßi
LeivLei ‡bqv m¤¢e n‡q‡Q| A_P Ab¨vb¨ •eÁvwbK mZ¨mg~‡ni g‡ZvB G e¨vcviwU †KviAv‡b
m~iv hygv‡ii 6bs Avqv‡Z wb‡`©wkZ n‡q‡Q †h, gv‡qi Rivqy‡Z gvbe wkï my¯úó wZbwU ch©v‡q e„w×cÖvß nq|
mwZ¨B AvaywbK åƒYwe`¨vq GwU Avwe®K…Z n‡q‡Q †h, Rivqy‡Z wkïi 僇Yi e„w× wZbwU c„_K c„_K ¯—‡i N‡U
_v‡K|

62. ms‡hvwRZ n‡q‡Q A‡j․wKKfv‡e| †h mg‡q wPwKrmvwe`¨v m¤ú‡K© gvby‡li AíB Ávb wQj †m mg‡q
†KviAv‡b LuywUbvwU Avi mwVK Z_¨vw` eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q Ñ GwU †KviAvb †h gvby†li bq, eis
Avj-vni evYx GwUB cwi®‥vifv‡e cÖgvwYZ nq|
gv‡qi `ya
gnvb Avj­vn ZvAvjv gv‡qi `y‡ai g‡Zv GKwU AZzjbxq, AmgK¶ wgkªY •Zix K‡i‡Qb, hv wKbv
Rb¥ cieZ©x ev‪Pvi-- GKwU Ac~e© Lv`¨-Drm¨, Zvi Dc‡i GwU ev‪Pvi ‡ivM-cÖwZ‡iva ¶gZvI
evwo‡q †`q| GgbwK AvR‡Ki †UKbjRxi gva¨‡g K…wÎg fv‡e ‣Zix ev‪Pv‡`i Lv`¨mg~n‡K
A‡j․wKK GB wgkª‡Yi DrmwUi (gv‡qi `ya) weKí Lv`¨ wn‡m‡e cÖwZ¯ vcb Kiv hvq bv|
cÖwZ w`‡bB gv‡qi `y†ai ¸Yv¸Y GKwU GKwU K‡i Avwe®‥vi Kiv n‡‪Q| gvZ…`y» m¤ú‡K©
weÁv‡b hv Avwe®‥vi Kiv n‡‪Q ZviB GKwU n‡jv †h - R‡b¥i ci `y eQi ch©š— gv‡qi `ya cv‡bi
we‡kl DcKvwiZv i‡q‡Q|19
AwZ mv¤cÖwZK Kv‡j weÁvb KZ…©K Avwe®K…Z GB e¨vcviwUB Avj-vn
ZvAvjv †KviAv‡b 1400 eQi Av‡M GB Avqv‡Z Avgv‡`i AewnZ K‡i‡Qb ---
Avi Avwg gvbyl‡K Zvi wcZv-gvZv m¤^‡Ü wb‡`©k w`‡qwQ (Zv‡`i mv‡_ m`vPiY Ki‡Z)|
Zvi gvZv K‡ói ci Kó mn¨ K‡i Zv‡K M‡f© aviY K‡i‡Q Ges `yeQ‡i Zvi `y» Qvov‡bv
nq| myZivs †kvKi¸Rvix Ki Avgvi Ges †Zvgvi gvZv-wcZvi| Ae‡k‡l AvgviB Kv‡Q
wd‡i Avm‡Z n‡e| ( †KviAvb, 31 t 14)
Av½y‡ji Qv‡c gvby‡li cwiPq
hLb ‡KviAv‡b ejv nq †h, g„Zz¨i ci gvbyl‡K c~e©ve¯ vq wdwi‡q Avbv Avj­vn ZvAvjvi Rb¨
AwZ mnR KvR, ZLb gvby‡li Av½y‡ji †iLvmg~‡ni (Qv‡ci) Dci we‡klfv‡e †Rvi ‡`qv n‡q‡Q|

63. gvbyl wK aviYv K‡i †h, Avwg Zvi nvomg~n GKÎ Ki‡Z cvie bv ?
nu¨v, Aek¨B Avwg GKÎ Kie| †Kbbv Avwg Zvi A½ywji AMÖfvM ch©š— h_vh_fv‡e wVK
K‡i w`‡Z m¶g| ( †KviAvb, 75 t 3-4)
Qwe
A½yjxi †iLv mg~‡ni Dci ¸i Z¡ cÖ`vb Kivi e¨vcv‡i GKwU we‡kl A_© i‡q‡Q| KviY
cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki A½yjxi †iLvmg~n Abb¨, AwØZxq| cÖwZwU gvbyl, RxweZ wKsev ‡Kvb Kv‡j RxweZ wQj,
Giƒc cÖ‡Z¨‡KiB GK‡mU Abb¨ †iLv½yjx i‡q‡Q|
Avi ZvB A½yjxi †iLvmg~n‡K gvby‡li cwiP‡qi Rb¨ AZ¨š— ¸i Z¡c~Y© cÖgvY wn‡m‡e GK†PwUqvfv‡e
MÖnb K‡i †bqv n‡q‡Q Avi G D‡Ï‡k¨B Zv c„w_exi me©Î e¨envi Kiv nq|
¸i Z¡c~Y© welq GwU †h ‡Kej MZ Ebwesk kZvwã‡Z A½ywji Qv‡ci •ewk󨸇jv Avwe®K…Z
n‡q‡Q| Gi Av‡M gvbyl G¸‡jv‡K †Kvb ¸i Z¡nxb mvaviY eµ‡iLv wn‡m‡eB Rvb‡Zv| wKš‧
†KviAv‡b GB A½yjx †iLvmg~‡ni cÖwZ Bw½Z Kiv n‡q‡Q hv †m mg‡q Kv‡iv g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y
Ki‡Z cv‡iwb Ges Avj-vn GB ¸i Z¡wUi cÖwZ Avgv‡`i g‡bv‡hvM †`qvi Rb¨ AvnŸvb K‡i‡Qb- †h
¸i ‡Z¡i K_v Ae‡k‡l Avgv‡`i Kv‡j gvbyl eyS†Z cvi‡Q|
GgbwK ûeû GKB iƒc hgR ch©š— cÖ‡Z¨‡KiB i‡q‡Q Abb¨ mvaviY A½ywji †iLvmg~n| Ab¨
K_vq gvby‡li cwiPq Zv‡`i A½ywj mg~‡n msKjbfy³ A_vr ms‡KZ wjwci mvnv‡h¨ †jLv
i‡q‡Q| msKj‡bi GB wm‡÷gwU AayYv e¨eüZ evi‡KvW ev †iLv-m‡¼Z wm‡÷‡gi m‡½ Zzjbv
Kiv P‡j|

64. ‡KviAv‡b fwel¨revYx
f~wgKv
Ggb wKQz ¸i Z¡c~Y© NUbvi K_v ‡KviAvb Av‡MB cÖKvk K‡i †h¸‡jv c‡i fwel¨‡Z mwZ¨ mwZ¨
N‡UwQj Ñ GwUI †KviAv‡bi A‡j․wKK‡Z¡i GKwU w`K| D`vniY ¯^iƒc m~iv dvZn& Gi 27 bs
Avqv‡Z Avj­vn ZvAvjv gymjgvb‡`i GB mymsev` †`b †h ZLbKvi w`‡b †c․ËwjK‡`i `LjK…Z
g°v AwP‡iB gymjgv‡biv Rq K‡i †b‡e t
wbðqB Avj­vn Zvui ivm~j‡K ev¯—evwqZ K‡i †`wL‡q‡Qb ¯^cœwU h_vh_fv‡e| Aek¨B
†Zvgiv Avj­vni B‪Qvq gmwR‡` nviv‡g cÖ‡ek Ki‡e wbivc‡`, ZLb †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ †KD
†KD gv_v gyov‡Z _vK‡e Ges †KD †KD Pzj KvU‡Z _vK‡e| †Zvgv‡`i †Kvb cÖKvi fq
_vK‡e bv | Avj­vn Rv‡bb hv †Zvgiv Rvb bv| Avi wZwb †Zvgv‡`i‡K G ¯^cœ ev¯—evwqZ
nIqvi c~‡e© GK Avï weRq w`‡jb| (‡KviAvb, 48 t 27)
Av‡iv Mfxifv‡e we‡ePbv Ki‡j †`Lv hvq ‡h, AvqvZwU wKš‧ g°v weR‡qi c~‡e© Av‡iKwU
weR‡qi msev` †NvlYv K‡i| ev¯—weKB gymjgvbiv AvqvZwUi †NvlYvi g‡ZvB g°v weR‡qi c~‡e©
cÖ_‡g Bn~w`‡`i `LjK…Z LvBevi `yM© `Lj K‡i †bq Ges Zvici g°vq cÖ‡ek K‡i|
†h NUbv¸‡jv fwel¨‡Z NU‡e, Av‡M fv‡MB G‡`i †NvlYv Kiv †KviAv‡bi cÖvÁZvi GK UzKiv
D`vniY gvÎ| ‡KviAv‡bi K_v †h Amxg Ávbevb Avj­vniB evYx GB mv¶¨I w`‡‪Q GB e¨vcviwU|
evB‡R›UvB‡bi civR‡qi K_v fwel¨‡Z N‡U hvIqv Ab¨vb¨ NUbvi g‡Zv GKwU hv †KviAv‡b †NvlYv
Kiv n‡qwQj †h¸‡jv †m mgqKvi gvby‡li c‡¶ ‡Kvb fv‡eB Rvbv m¤¢e wQj bv| GB NUbvi
mePvB‡Z ‡K․Z n‡ji e¨vcviwU GB †h †ivgvbiv c„w_exi mePvB‡Z wbgœZg A‡j civRq eiY K‡i
wQj Ñ cieZ©x cvZvq e¨vcviwU we¯—vwiZ eY©bv Kiv n‡e| GwU gRvi †h GLv‡b Òme©wbgœ c‡q‡›UiÓ
K_v we‡klfv‡e D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| ‡m Avg‡ji cÖhyw³ w`‡q Ggb GKwU gvc‡hvL K‡i c„w_exi

65. wbgœZg AÂj wba©viY G‡Kev‡i ¯úófv‡eB Am¤¢e e¨vcvi wQj| GmeB gvbe RvwZi D‡Ï‡k¨
gnvÁvbx Avj­vn †mvenvbvj­vn ZvAvjvi cÖKvwkZ evYx|
evB‡R›UvBb‡`i weRq
†KviAvb bvwh‡ji Av‡iKwU Avðh© NUbv GB †h m~iv iƒ‡gi cÖ_g Avqv‡Z evB‡R›UvBb m¤ú‡K©
fwel¨r evYx Kiv n‡q‡Q| cieZ©x †ivgvb mvgªv‡R¨i c~e©w`‡Ki GKwU AskB n‡jv evB‡R›UvBb|
D³ AvqvZ¸‡jv‡Z D‡j­L Kiv nq †h, evB‡R›UvBb mvgªvR¨ GKwU civR‡qi gy‡LvgywL n‡qwQj
wVKB wKš‧ kxNÖB R‡qi gyL †`L‡e|
Avwjd-jvg-gxg
†ivgKiv civwRZ n‡q‡Q,
GK wbgœZg ¯ v‡b Ges Zviv Zv‡`i G civR‡qi ci AwZ mZ¡i Rqjvf Ki‡e,
wZb †_‡K bq eQ‡ii g‡a¨| c~‡e©i I c‡ii dqmvjv Avj­vniB| Avi †mw`b gywgbiv
Avbw›`Z n‡e| (†KviAvb, 30 t 1-4)
Qwe
‡c․ËwjK cvim¨‡`i nv‡Z evB‡R›UvBb L„óvb‡`i ¸i Zi civRq eiY Kivi 7 eQi c‡i, 620
m‡b D³ AvqvZ¸‡jv bvwhj n‡qwQj| evB‡R›UvBbiv Lye Aí mg‡qi gv‡SB weRq wQwb‡q †b‡eÑ
g„ZmvM‡ii Zjvwb †hLv‡b evB‡Rw›Ubiv cvim¨‡`i nv‡Z civRq eiY K‡i|
Dc‡i GjvKvwUi GKwU DcMÖn wPÎ †`Lv hv‡‪Q| j~Z n«‡`i GjvKv, c„w_exi
mePvB‡Z wbgœZg GB GjvKvwU mgy`ª c„‡ôi 395 wgUvi wb‡gœ Aew¯ Z|

66. AvqvZ¸‡jv‡Z ZvB ewY©Z n‡qwQj| mwZ¨ ej‡Z wK, evB‡R›UvBbiv †Kej gvivZ¥K civRqB eiY
K‡iwb, GgbwK GwUi wU‡K _vKvB †hLv‡b Am¤¢e n‡q `vwo‡qwQj †mLv‡b wRZvi K_v ev`B w`‡Z
nq| ‡Kej cvim¨ivB bq, gvivZ¥K fxwZi KviY wn‡m‡e AviI we`¨gvb wQj Avfvim, ¯-vf, Avi
j¤^vW©iv| Avfvim& KÝUvw›U‡bv‡cv‡ji †`qvj ch©š— G‡m wM‡qwQj| evB‡R›UvBb mgªvU †nivwK¬qvm
wMR©vmg~‡ni ¯^Y©, ‡i․c¨¸‡jv Mwj‡q gy`ªv evwb‡q Zvi evwnbx‡`i LiP †gUv‡bvi Av‡`k w`‡jb|
G¸‡jvI hLb Ach©vß g‡b n‡jv ZLb GgbwK †eªv‡Äi g~wZ©¸‡jv Mwj‡q g~`ªv evbv‡bv n‡jv| eû
MfY©i †nivwK¬qv‡mi wei ‡× we‡`ªvn †NvlYv K‡iwQj Avi Zvi mvgªvR¨ wQj cZ‡bi gy‡L| Av‡Mi
evB‡R›UvB‡bi Aaxb¯— ivóª, †hgb, †g‡mvc‡Uwgqv, wmwjwmqv, wmwiqv, †c‡j÷vBb, wgmi, Av‡g©wbqv
ZLb g~wZ©c~RK cvim¨‡`i Aaxb¯— n‡q wM‡qwQj|20
¯^í K_vq mK‡jB g‡b KiwQj †h evB‡R›UvBb mvgªvR¨ aŸsm n‡q hv‡e| wVK †mB gyn~‡Z© m~iv
iƒ‡gi cÖ_g K‡qKwU AvqvZ bvwhj nq, hv‡Z †NvwlZ n‡qwQj †h, K‡qK eQ‡ii gv_vq
evB‡R›UvBbiv weRq wQwb‡q †b‡e| wKš‧ weRq ZLb Ggwb Am¤¢^e wQj †h, eû-Ck¦iev`x Avieiv
AvqvZ KqwU wb‡q cwinvm ïi K‡i w`j| Zviv †f‡ewQj †h †KviAv‡bi GB weR‡qi NUbv KLbI
mwZ¨ n‡e bv|
m~iv iƒ‡gi cÖ_g AvqvZLvbv bvwh‡ji mvZ eQi c‡i 627 m‡bi wW‡m¤^‡i evB‡R›UvBb Avi
cvim¨‡`i gv‡S GKwU P~ovš— hy× kyi nj wb‡b‡fn‡Z| GB mgq AvkvZxZfv‡e evB‡R›UvBbiv
cvim¨‡`i civwRZ Kij| K‡qK gvm c‡i cvim¨iv evB‡R›UvBb‡`i m‡½ Pzw³ Ki‡Z eva¨ nj,
hviB d‡j Zv‡`i‡K wb‡R‡`i `Lj Kiv Ask¸‡jv n‡Z nU‡Z eva¨ n‡qwQj|21
Ae‡k‡l Avj­vn ZvAvjvi †NvlYvK…Z Ó‡ivgK‡`i weRqÓ evYxwU A‡j․wKKfv‡e mZ¨ n‡q
wM‡qwQj|
D³ AvqvZwUi Av‡iKwU A‡j․wKK welq n‡jv ‡f․MwjK welq m¤^‡Ü GKwU †NvlYv hv ZLbKvi
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