http://fluxtrol.com Computer Simulation for Fundamental Study and Practical Solutions to Induction Heating Problems

1. Computer Simulation for Fundamental
Study and Practical Solutions to
Induction Heating Problems
Dr. Valentin S. Nemkov
Eng. Robert C. Goldstein
Centre for Induction Technology, Inc.
1388 Atlantic Blvd
Auburn Hills, MI USA
www.induction.org

2. Overview
• What’s New in Computer Simulation of
Induction Heating Processes
• 3-D EM Fields in a Slab
– Age Old Question
– Prior Scientific Studies - End and Edge Effects
– 3-D EM Computer Simulation
• Conclusions

3. What’s New Since IHS’98 in
Computer Simulation?
• Computer Hardware
• Computer Software Improvement
• Market Demand
• Material Properties?

4. Computer Hardware Available for Less
than $15,000 USD
1998 2001
• 1-400 MHz Processor • 2-1.7 GHz Processors
with 100 MHz Buss with 400 MHz Buss
• 256 MB RAM with • 4 GB RAM with 800
100 MHz speed MHz speed
• 2-10 GB, 5600 RPM • 4-73 GB, 10000 RPM
Hard Drives Hard Drives
• 100 MB Zip Drives • 4.7 GB DVD Drives

5. Computer Software
Improvements
• New Applications (1D and 2D Scanning)
• Coupled 3D for Some Types of Systems
• More User Friendly (Flux 2D Windows based)
• Post Processors and Graphics (Videos of 2D
coupled process simulation with Flux 2D)
• Faster and More Precise Solvers
• 16 X’s Memory Capacity in 3D Simulation
• Cubic and Prismatic Elements for 3D

6. 1D Scanning Application

7. 1D Scanning Application

8. 3D EM Fields in Slab

9. Age Old Question
• Initial Studies Done by Prof. V. Vologdin and
Dr. G. Razorionov in early 1940’s in Russia
Power density distribution in a long square prism with
a side equal to the reference depth

10. Heating of Infinitely Long Slab
• Study made by Dr. V. Peysakhovich around 1960
in St. Petersburg, Russia
Power Transfer Factor

11. 2D End and Edge Effects
• Study made by Prof. V. Nemkov’s Group (Dr. V.
Rudnev, et. al) in 1970’s and 1980’s in St.
Petersburg, Russia
End and Edge Effects in Slab

12. 3D EM Computer Simulation
• Study Made by Prof. V. Nemkov and Eng. R. Goldstein in
2000 at CIT in Auburn Hills, MI USA

13. Top View of Slab Geometry
(0,0,1) plane

14. Side View of Slab Geometry
(0,1,0) plane

15. Power Density Color Map
Demonstrating Edge Effects in Slab
Frequency 9.5 kHz

16. Power Density Color Map
Demonstrating End Effects in Slab
Frequency 9.5 kHz

17. Slab Power Density Color Shade
Frequency 9.5 kHz
AA
B
C
D
F
E

18. Surface Current Density Demonstrating
End and Edge Effects
Modulus of Current Density
2.00E+07
Edge Effects (A-B)
1.50E+07
End Effects (A-C)
1.00E+07
Edge End Effects (D-E)
5.00E+06
End Edge Effects (C-F)
0.00E+00
0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00
Last 50 mm from End or Edge of Slab (mm)

19. Volumetric Power Distribution in Slab
Total Column Power for 9.5 kHz Geometrically
Adjusted
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
193.2 0.2
148.2
0
103.2
45.8
25.8
5.8

20. Experimental Temperature Measurements
with Related Power Density Color Map
AA
Frequency 9.5 kHz
C
D
E
Point A C D E
Temperature 155 C 185 C 170 C 190 C

21. Color Map of Power Density in Slab
Frequency 2 kHz

22. Color Map of Power Density in Slab
Frequency 15 kHz

23. Conclusions
• Modern computers make everyday 1D and 2D
simulation possible even for small companies
• 3D simulation is used mainly by universities and
research centres for both practical and
fundamental studies
• 3D EM fields in slab have been studied for the
first time through computer simulation
• Coupled 3D simulation should be the final step in
solving this old mystery