http://www.fao.org/pulses-2016/en/ International year of Pulses 2016 - Global Dialogue - Indigenous food system

1. 22 – 23 November 201622 – 23 November 2016
Pulses in Indigenous Food SystemsPulses in Indigenous Food Systems
Yon Fernandez-de-Larrinoa,Yon Fernandez-de-Larrinoa,
FAO Indigenous Peoples Team, OPCAFAO Indigenous Peoples Team, OPCA

2. 2
Indigenous Food Systems and Pulses
CONTENTCONTENT
1.1.OurPlanet’OurPlanet’s challengess challenges
2.2.Indigenous Peoples TodayIndigenous Peoples Today
o Who? Where?Who? Where?
o Problems they faceProblems they face
o How can Indigenous peoples contribute?How can Indigenous peoples contribute?
1.1.Indigenous Food systemsIndigenous Food systems

3. 3
Our Planet’s Challenges
• Still almost 800 million food insecureStill almost 800 million food insecure
• Demographic growth aprox. 9-10 billion humans byDemographic growth aprox. 9-10 billion humans by
20502050
• Ageing of population as longevity increasesAgeing of population as longevity increases
• 60-70% will live in Megacities60-70% will live in Megacities
(today 28 megacities 453 million people)(today 28 megacities 453 million people)
• Increased Urban Food demandIncreased Urban Food demand
• Double burden of malnutrition: deficiency + obesityDouble burden of malnutrition: deficiency + obesity
• Climate change: between 1 - 2 degrees increase?Climate change: between 1 - 2 degrees increase?
• Food Security? DisasterPreparedness? ClimateFood Security? DisasterPreparedness? Climate

4. 4
Food systems
.
• 7,000 plant species used as food in the world,
BUT 150 speciesareconsidered commercial;
• 103 speciesprovide90% of food weeat;
• 3 species (wheat, rice and maize) produce 56%
of all thecaloriesconsumed by humans

5. 5
Indigenous Peoples Today
• Over 370 million Indigenous
peoples, 70% in Asiaand Pacific
(estimatesincreasing)
• Belonging to 5000 peoples in
90 countries
• Speaking 4000 out of the
7000 existing languages
• 5% of the populationbut 15%
of the poor

6. 6
WHERE?

7. 7
INDIGENOUS
FOOD SYSTEMS

8. 8
Indigenous Food Systems
• Food obtained from strategies: Harvesting;
gathering; hunting; fishing
• Mobile and nomadic food systems
• Area forfood: Communal areas (forest,
lakes)
• Conservation of motherearth: yield vs
conservation
• Food generating unit: community vs family
• Reciprocity system: seeds + work

9. 9
Indigenous Food Systems
Natural resources
and biodiversity
3 pillars interlinked in Indigenous Food Systems
Language and culture
Health and nutrition
Indigenous Food
Systems

10. 10
Medicine
Adaptation to climate change
Harvesting, hunting, fishing, gathering
Diversification of crops & foods
Solidarity mechanisms
Social identity
Spirituality
Culture & Traditions
Traditional knowledge
Maintenance of biodiversity
Resilient ecosystems
Energy managementHolistic

11. 11
• Hundreds of food items not in
“mainstream food distribution”
• Indigenous traditional knowledge
& climate change adaptation
• Custodians of 80% remaining
biodiversity “the mother“the mother
laboratory”laboratory”

12. 12
PULSES & INDIGENOUS
FOOD SYSTEMS

13. • Pulsesmultipurpose(protein, fencing, fire)
• Adapted to forest planting
• Byproducts= product (everything useful)
• 3 EXAMPLESof pulsesin indigenousfood
systems:
13
Pulses & Indigenous Food Systems
• Intercrop & Mixed cropping: Milpa
• Shifting cultivation in forests
• Fencing & animal feeding

14. 14

15. 15
SHIFTING CULTIVATION

16. 16

17. 17
Fencing, Protein,
Firewood

18. 18
The Pulse potential

19. • Research together with indigenous
peoples
• Guaranteetheir rightsand royalties
over knowledge
• Support indigenouspeoples
cooperativesfor market access
19
Some Recommendations

20. • Rightsand accessto Land,
Territoriesand Natural
Resourcesguaranteed
20
Some Recommendations
• New Research on
Shifting cultivation
• Support to indigenous
seed systems

21. 21
THANKS!
Yon Fernandez-de-Larrinoa
FAO Indigenous Peoples Team
yon.fernandezlarrinoa@fao.org
Indigenous-peoples@fao.org
http://www.fao.org/indigenous-peoples/en/