The document discusses different types of governance including public, corporate, economic, financial, e-governance, and environmental governance. It provides details on public governance, which refers to formal and informal arrangements for making and implementing public decisions while maintaining a country's values. Corporate governance is defined as the system of rules and processes by which a company is directed and controlled. Key aspects of corporate governance in India are outlined, including how the position of Indian corporations changed after economic liberalization in the 1990s. Several examples of governance issues and scandals are briefly described.

1. Governance
Public governance and Corporate governance

2. What is governance?
Governance is “the
process of decision-
making and the
process by which
decisions are
implemented or not”

5. Diff types of governance?
Public
Governance
Economic And
Financial
Governance
e-Governance
Services
Corporate
Governance
Environmental
Governance

6. Public governance refers to the formal and informal arrangements that
determine how public decisions are made and how public actions are carried
out, from the perspective of maintaining a country’s constitutional values
when facing changing problems and environments.

8. Corporate governance
Corporate governance is the
system of rules, practices and
processes by which a company
is directed and controlled.

10. Corporate Governance in India
• The last few years have seen some major
scams and corporate collapse across the
globe.
• All these events have caused the pendulum
of public faith to shift away from free market
to a more closely regulated one

11. CG in India
• The Indian corporate scenario was more or less stagnant
till the early 90s.
• The position and goals of the Indian corporate sector has
changed a lot after the liberalization of 90s.
• India’s economic reform programme made a steady
progress in 1994.
• India with its 20 million shareholders, is one of the largest
emerging markets in terms of the market capitalization.

12. Key Players in CG
• Management
• Board of Directors
• Customers
• Shareholders
• Employees
• Regulators
• Suppliers

16. Successful Governance

17. • Sweden constructed an economy based on free enterprise, public
ownership of utilities, exports, social welfare, and high taxes.
• The Swedish government requires children from 7 to 16 years of age
to attend school.
• Elementary and high school education are free for Swedish children.
• Swedish men between the ages of 18 and 47 are required to serve
from 7 to 15 months in the country’s armed forces.
• The highest in command is the King. The head of their government is
the prime minister.
• The World Economic Forum ranks Sweden the sixth most competitive
country in the world.
Crisis of the 1990s…..

19. • 2007 Price Fixing Fine:
Siemens was fined €396 million by the European Commission for price fixing in
EU electricity markets.
• Bribery Case:
Siemens agreed to pay a record $1.34 billion in fines in December 2008 after
being investigated for serious bribery. The investigation found questionable
payments of roughly €1.3 billion.
• Siemens' then-corporate culture seemed openly tolerant of bribes, helping staff
to feel they were "not only acceptable but implicitly encouraged".

20. • Coca-Cola on the Kala Dera, Rajasthan was not
sustainable and recommended
that Coca-Cola shut down or relocate the factory .
• Campaign, claiming that they have become “water
neutral” in India, even though their own concept
paper on water neutrality acknowledges that it is
impossible to do so.
• The state, which continues to be a silent spectator
to the environmental and human rights abuse at
Kala Dera.
• Hindustan Coca-Cola Beverages (HCCB) has shut
down its bottling plant at Kala Dera in Jaipur due to
depletion of underground water level and poor
conditions of plant machinery

21. Satyam
Computers
Satyam Computers was founded
in 1987
It converted into Public Ltd Co. in
1992
The company offers consulting
and information technology
services spanning various sectors.

22. The scam
Raju and his brother, Rama Raju, were
arrested by the Andhra Pradesh police
on charges of breach of trust, conspiracy,
cheating, falsification of records.
Raju has mislead various investors.Raju
had also used dummy accounts to trade
in Satyam's shares
Funds from Satyam were diverted to
Mayas