Iot enabled drives

1. IoT Enabled Wireless Technology Based Monitoring and Speed Control of
Motor Using Variable Frequency Drive
Dr. S.Parthasarathy.,
Professor / Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
K.L.N. College of Engineering,
Pottapalayam-630612.
Sivagangai (District),
Tamilnadu, India.
Email: sarathy_sps@yahoo.co.in
Dr. M.Karthika,
Assistant Professor / Department of Information Technology,
NMSSVN College,
Nagamalai, Madurai, Tamilnadu.
Ra. Bhavishyan,
B.E Final Year / Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
K.L.N. College of Engineering,
Pottapalayam-630612.
Sivagangai (District),
Tamilnadu, India.
Abstract: Wireless technology is rapidly growing in many industrial applications like
monitoring, control and coordinates production in industrial aspects. Variable Frequency Drives
(VFD) are the most important device used in all modern industries, used to operate and control
the motors in industry at different speed depending on the requirement of the process of the work
that has been carried out by the motors. VFD’s are being controlled at the physical location,
where the drives were installed. The control of motor at the physical location makes time
consuming process and it increases the time for controlling the drives. To overcome this
drawback a wireless technology has been utilized in this proposed project to monitor and control
the speed of the motor. In this work an Internet of Thinks (IoT) is used to control the VFD. IoT
module enables the VFD into internet enabled and it can be interacted from remote location with
ease. The designed module can also be integrated with existing VFD and make it internet ready.
We can also monitor the speed of motor at any given time as it provides the real time data of
motor updated at an interval of each second. The speed performance of the motor is also
generated as a report by mobile application.
Keywords: Variable Frequency Drive; IoT- Internet of Things; Drives; Speed Control ; Real-time data;Wireless.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
1] Introduction
Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) is also
called as Adjustable Frequency Drive , is widely
used in electro mechanical drive system to control
the torque and speed of the motor by varying the
frequency and voltage of the input. VFD’s are used
in various application in both small scale and large
scale industrial application.Most of the power
produced in the world are consumed by the electric
motors that are used in industries. The power can be
efficiently utilized by using the VFD’s. The
penetration of VFD’s are slow in the past decades as
the cost of power electronics devices that are used in
JASC: Journal of Applied Science and Computations
Volume 5, Issue 6, June /2018
ISSN NO: 0076-5131
Page No:272

2. the manufacture of VFD’s are comparatively high. In
the Recent times as the cost of Power electronic
devices became cheap it resulted in the increased
usage of VFD’s.In all type of process and
manufacturing industries like sugar, steel, rubber,
cement, oil, gas, textile, chemicals and food
processing industries widely uses induction motor
for the specific applications. But for each and every
process the motor speed requirm
difficult to manufacture motor of different speed as it
won’t be economical, therefore the motors are
manufactured for some fixed speed of operation. The
speed of these kind of fixed speed motors can be
varied with the help many co
control methods of motor. The conventional speed
control method just varies the speed of the motor
only, but if the load of the motor increases it fails to
maintain the speed of the motor at some define
speed for the ongoing process.
overcomed with the help of VFD’s.The current
existing VFD’s are controlled and adjusted in the
same physical location by analog or digital methods
in the place where the drives has been installed to
get the speed change of the motor depending on the
nature of theprocess.The schematic of VFD is shown
in Fig.1.
The proposed project work is to make the
VFD’s in to a non physical interventional system by
enabling the option of controlling the speed and also
to monitor the speed changes. This is achieved
integration of the VFD’s with internet by using the
TEXAS INSTRUEMTS CC3200 wireless
microcontroller with the feature of Internet of Things
(IoT) technology. The android mobile application is
used to control the speed of the motor from remote
location by varying the parameters in the palm. The
real time speed of the motor to be controlled can be
monitored from the remote location.The speed of the
motor for any given time can be monitored and also
these data are being stored in the cloud. These data
can be used to analyse the load change in the system.
The logged data containing the speed can be
exported from the mobile application to computer for
the purpose of motor speed analysis. The Internet
integration of the VFD,monitoring and controlling
are done with the help of TEXAS INSTRUMETS
CC3200 microcontroller.
Fig 1: VFD schematic
Variable Frequency Drive controller is a
solid-state power electronics conversion system
the manufacture of VFD’s are comparatively high. In
the Recent times as the cost of Power electronic
devices became cheap it resulted in the increased
ll type of process and
manufacturing industries like sugar, steel, rubber,
cement, oil, gas, textile, chemicals and food
processing industries widely uses induction motor
for the specific applications. But for each and every
process the motor speed requirments varies. It is
difficult to manufacture motor of different speed as it
won’t be economical, therefore the motors are
manufactured for some fixed speed of operation. The
speed of these kind of fixed speed motors can be
varied with the help many conventional speed
control methods of motor. The conventional speed
control method just varies the speed of the motor
only, but if the load of the motor increases it fails to
maintain the speed of the motor at some defined
speed for the ongoing process. This problem is
overcomed with the help of VFD’s.The current
existing VFD’s are controlled and adjusted in the
same physical location by analog or digital methods
in the place where the drives has been installed to
get the speed change of the motor depending on the
The schematic of VFD is shown
The proposed project work is to make the
VFD’s in to a non physical interventional system by
enabling the option of controlling the speed and also
to monitor the speed changes. This is achieved by
integration of the VFD’s with internet by using the
TEXAS INSTRUEMTS CC3200 wireless
microcontroller with the feature of Internet of Things
(IoT) technology. The android mobile application is
used to control the speed of the motor from remote
y varying the parameters in the palm. The
real time speed of the motor to be controlled can be
monitored from the remote location.The speed of the
motor for any given time can be monitored and also
these data are being stored in the cloud. These data
be used to analyse the load change in the system.
The logged data containing the speed can be
exported from the mobile application to computer for
the purpose of motor speed analysis. The Internet
integration of the VFD,monitoring and controlling
with the help of TEXAS INSTRUMETS
Fig 1: VFD schematic
Variable Frequency Drive controller is a
state power electronics conversion system
consisting of Rectifier Bridge Converter, Direct
Current Link and
Inverter(VSI) are widely used to
factor and low harmonic distortion than the
Source Inverter(CSI) drives.
used to achieve the variable pulse output as shown in
Fig 2.
Fig 2 : PWM carrier sine input and
PWM Output.
2] Proposediot Controlled SCR Drive System
The speed of the motor is controlled by
varying the voltage input to the OP
thereby changing the input to the pulse transformer
of the SCR driver[5][6]. The speed of the motor can
be controlled by using the wireless IoT module
the remote location. Android Mobile app is used to
control the device from remote location
functional block diagram is shown in Fig 3.
Fig 3. Schematic diagram of proposed IoT
controlled SCR drive system
The speed of the motor can be varied by
varying the voltage input to the comparator, this
voltage variation is given by the wireless
microcontroller. The TI CC3200 produces the
variable voltage starting from 0 to 3.3 Volts with the
consisting of Rectifier Bridge Converter, Direct
Current Link and Inverter.Voltage Source
Inverter(VSI) are widely used to provide high power
factor and low harmonic distortion than the Current
) drives. The PWM technique is
ieve the variable pulse output as shown in
: PWM carrier sine input and 2 level
2] Proposediot Controlled SCR Drive System:
The speed of the motor is controlled by
varying the voltage input to the OP-AMP comparator
thereby changing the input to the pulse transformer
. The speed of the motor can
the wireless IoT module from
the remote location. Android Mobile app is used to
control the device from remote location[3][6]. The
functional block diagram is shown in Fig 3.
Schematic diagram of proposed IoT
controlled SCR drive system.
The speed of the motor can be varied by
varying the voltage input to the comparator, this
voltage variation is given by the wireless
microcontroller. The TI CC3200 produces the
variable voltage starting from 0 to 3.3 Volts with the
JASC: Journal of Applied Science and Computations
Volume 5, Issue 6, June /2018
ISSN NO: 0076-5131
Page No:273

3. voltage variation of 0.012 volts per
totally 256(2^8)steps as TI CC3200 has a 8 bit
DAC.The variable voltage thus produced is given to
the SCRdriver kit in order to produce the speed
change.
a)Texas Instruments CC 3200 :
TI CC3200 is an wireless IoT enabled
Microcontroller designed by Texas Instruments with
cloud Integration for various IoT based application.
TI CC3200 is Wi-Fi certified device
CC3200 itself support PWM generation. It is a 32 bit
microcontroller with 8 bit DAC.
Fig 4 : CC3200 board .
b] IR Speed Sensor:
The speed sensor (OS25B10)
used to measure the speed of the motor
Fig 5. It uses Infrared Sensor to measure the speed.
The IR sensor consist of a Transmitter and Receiver
pair. The Sensor is placed in such a way that
disc cuts the IR sensor.
Fig 5 : Infrared Speed Sensor .
3]Wireless Technology:
12 volts per step. There are
)steps as TI CC3200 has a 8 bit
DAC.The variable voltage thus produced is given to
the SCRdriver kit in order to produce the speed
TI CC3200 is an wireless IoT enabled
Microcontroller designed by Texas Instruments with
cloud Integration for various IoT based application.
certified device shown in Fig 4.
CC3200 itself support PWM generation. It is a 32 bit
: CC3200 board .
OS25B10) is a device
used to measure the speed of the motor is shown in
. It uses Infrared Sensor to measure the speed.
The IR sensor consist of a Transmitter and Receiver
pair. The Sensor is placed in such a way that encoder
: Infrared Speed Sensor .
The term wireless
introduced in the 19th
communication technology has developed over the
subsequent years.In this technology, the information
can be transmitted through the air without requiring
any cable or wiresThe different types of
technology and their frequency ranges are,
 IR wireless communication (300 GHz to 40
THz).
 Satellite communication (12 GHz to 18
GHz).
 Broadcast radio (88 MHz to 108 MHz)
 Microwave radio (300 MHz to 300 GHz)
 Bluetooth (2 MHz to 3.5 MHz)
 Zigbee (2.4 GHz to 2.4835 GHz)
 Wi-Fi (2.4GHz, 3.6GHz, 4.9 GHz, 5 GHz)
a]Internet of Things Protocol
IoT primarily exploits standard protocols and
networking technologies. However, the major
enabling technologies and protocols of IoT are
 RFID and NFC.
 Low-energy Bluetooth.
 Low-energy Wireless.
 Low-energy Radio Protocols.
 LTE-A.
 Wi Fi-Direct.
b]Process done in backend of IoT
IoT backend software addresses its key
areas of networking and action through platforms,
embedded systems, and partner systems. These
individual and master applications are responsible
for data collection, device integration, real
analytics, and application and process extension
within the IoT network.
(i) Data collection
This software manages sensing,
measurements, light data filtering, light data security,
and aggregation of data. It uses certain protocols to
aid sensors in connecting with real
machine networks. Then it collects data from
multiple devices and distributes it in accordance with
settings. It also works in reverse by distributing data
over devices. The system eventually transmits all
collected data to a central server.
(ii) Device integration
Software supporting integration binds all
system devices to create the body of the IoT system.
It ensures the necessary cooperation and stable
networking between devices. These applications are
the defining software technology of t
because without them, it is not an IoT system. They
manage the various applications, protocols, and
limitations of each device to allow communication.
The term wireless communication was
th
century and wireless
communication technology has developed over the
subsequent years.In this technology, the information
can be transmitted through the air without requiring
any cable or wiresThe different types of wireless
technology and their frequency ranges are,
IR wireless communication (300 GHz to 40
Satellite communication (12 GHz to 18
Broadcast radio (88 MHz to 108 MHz).
Microwave radio (300 MHz to 300 GHz).
Bluetooth (2 MHz to 3.5 MHz).
(2.4 GHz to 2.4835 GHz).
Fi (2.4GHz, 3.6GHz, 4.9 GHz, 5 GHz).
Internet of Things Protocol
IoT primarily exploits standard protocols and
networking technologies. However, the major
enabling technologies and protocols of IoT are
rgy Bluetooth.
energy Wireless.
energy Radio Protocols.
Process done in backend of IoT
IoT backend software addresses its key
areas of networking and action through platforms,
embedded systems, and partner systems. These
individual and master applications are responsible
for data collection, device integration, real-time
lication and process extension
This software manages sensing,
measurements, light data filtering, light data security,
and aggregation of data. It uses certain protocols to
aid sensors in connecting with real-time, machine-to-
machine networks. Then it collects data from
multiple devices and distributes it in accordance with
settings. It also works in reverse by distributing data
over devices. The system eventually transmits all
collected data to a central server.
Software supporting integration binds all
system devices to create the body of the IoT system.
It ensures the necessary cooperation and stable
networking between devices. These applications are
the defining software technology of the IoT network
because without them, it is not an IoT system. They
manage the various applications, protocols, and
limitations of each device to allow communication.
JASC: Journal of Applied Science and Computations
Volume 5, Issue 6, June /2018
ISSN NO: 0076-5131
Page No:274

4. (iii) Real-time analytics
These applications take data or input from
various devices and convert it into viable actions or
clear patterns for human analysis. They analyze
information based on various settings and designs in
order to perform automation-related tasks or provide
the data required by industry.
(iv) Application and process extension
These applications extend the reach of
existing systems and software to allow a wider, more
effective system. They integrate predefined devices
for specific purposes such as allowing certain mobile
devices or engineering instruments access. It
supports improved productivity and more accurate
data collection.
4] Results And Discussion :
The speed of the motor can be varied by
varying the voltage input to the comparator, this
voltage variation is given by the wireless
microcontroller[7]. The TI CC3200 produces the
variable voltage starting from 0 to 3.3 Volts with the
voltage variation of 0.012 volts per step.
There are totally 256(2^8)steps as TI
CC3200 has a 8 bit DAC.The variable voltage thus
produced is given to the SCRdriver kit in order to
produce the speed change [4][5].The maximum
speed of the motor that has been used is 9000 RPM.
The speed of the motor with respect to different steps
is tabulated in the Table 1.
Table.1: Speed of the motor with respect to step
STEPS MOTOR SPEED
(RPM)
0 0
1 35
10 350
20 700
120 4200
200 7000
256 9000
(a) Speed Monitoring:
The infra-red sensor is used to measure the
speed of the motor by calculation the pulse train. The
IR sensor consist of two pair of sensor one is
transmitter and another one is receiver. The
transmitter transmits the infrared waves and receiver
receives it. The encoder disc is allowed to or made to
rotate in between the two pairs. When the encoder
disc rotates the signal is hindered and receiver does
not receive signal until the gap in the receiver disc
comes. This creates a train of pulses with ON time
and OFF time.The real-time speed is continuously
monitored and it is logged in a cloud server BLYNK.
It also streams the live speed data of the motor in a
Android mobile application BLYNK.The speed is
shown as a function the time corresponding to the
moment of taking reading or monitoring.
(b)BLYNK:
BLYNK is a cloud platform and server
that is used to connect the TI CC3200 and Mobile
android app wirelessly with server integration.
(c) Speed control Mobile APP:
The speed is varied by dragging the slider
provided in the android mobile application [4][8] as
shown in Fig.6. By dragging the slider we can
produce the variable output ranging from 0 to 5 V.
This variable voltage to the comparator produces the
change in OP-AMP output.
Fig.6:Mobile application slider.
The Op-amp output is given to the Pulse
transformer, there it produces the PWM output.It is
then given to the SCR. The SCR depending the ON
and OFF time of the PWM output is provides
V/Fcontrol output it is then given to the motor.
Thereby we can achieve the speed control.
For different voltage that has been given to
the variable frequency drive we can observe different
duty cycle, revolution of the motor per minute.
These data had been tabulated in the Table.1 along
with the the waveform that has been observed in the
DSO is given in Fig.7.
Fig.7(a)
In the figure 7(a) the following data is
observed Voltage: 0 V, Dutycycle:0, Speed:0
RPM.
JASC: Journal of Applied Science and Computations
Volume 5, Issue 6, June /2018
ISSN NO: 0076-5131
Page No:275

5. Fig.7(b)
In the figure 7(b) the following data is
observed Voltage: 1.80 V, Dutycycle:0.53,
Speed:4900 RPM.
Fig.7(c)
In the figure 7(c) the following data is
observed Voltage: 3.33 V, Dutycycle:1,
Speed:9000 RPM.
Fig.7 DSO waveform of SCR Drive
Output.
The speed is logged in the BLYNK cloud
server with respect to the time. The
be exported as CSV file of excel format.These data
can be used to analyse the motor performance
characteristic depending the load change for any
given time. These data can also be used to predict the
load change in the industries during pe
half peak hours.
This data is very useful in analyising the
motor and helps in regulating and ensuring the
constant speed to the drive by varying the parameters
of the drive.The motor speed graph is shown in Fig
8.
00:00:00
04:48:00
09:36:00
14:24:00
3900
3900
3900
3900
3900
3900
3900
6128
Motor speed graph
TIME
the following data is
, Dutycycle:0.53,
the following data is
Voltage: 3.33 V, Dutycycle:1,
SCR Drive comparator
The speed is logged in the BLYNK cloud
server with respect to the time. The logged data can
be exported as CSV file of excel format.These data
can be used to analyse the motor performance
characteristic depending the load change for any
given time. These data can also be used to predict the
load change in the industries during peak hours and
This data is very useful in analyising the
motor and helps in regulating and ensuring the
constant speed to the drive by varying the parameters
The motor speed graph is shown in Fig
Fig.8 History of the motor speed.
6]Conclusion:
In the rapid development in industry
various types of motor having different speed
became more essential. Its hard to design motors
depending on the speed requirement of each
application, So Variable
to existance for speed control of motors in the
industry. Commercial VFD’s are controlled for
speed variation with the help of human intervention
with the physical presence in the particular location
of VFD in industries.
In this above proposed work the speed
control of the motor and monitoring can be done
without human intervention with the help of IoT
technology. The speed of the motor can be controlled
from the remote location using the BLYNK VFD
mobile application. The VFD drive
integrated with VFD mobile application through
BLYNK cloud server. The real time speed of the
motor can also be monitored and the data can be
exported as CSV file for the motor speed analysis.
By making the VFD drive in to IoT enabled we ca
increase the productivity of the industry and it also
ensures the safety of the labour working in the
industry. The another advantage is that the above
operation can be performed from any place
regardless of the location and it enables to control
number of VFD installed in the industry from one
place. The only thing needed to achieve the
operation is Internet and mobile application
7]References:
1. M.M.R. Ahmed and M. Soliman,
Control of AC Series Motor Using AC
Chopper Voltage Control
Power& Energy Conference, 2010 IEEE.
2. Neha jain, N.H. Funde , N.P.
Meshram,Sudha Shrikant (2016) “ Speed
Control of Single Phase Induction Motor
using AC Chopperby Asymmetrical PWM
Technique” GRD Journals Volume 1 Issue
No.4.
3. AbhishekGupta:
control using android application
2348-6988 International Journal of
Electrical and Electronic Research Volume
4 Issue 2 April-june 2016.
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Motor speed graph
SPEED
History of the motor speed.
In the rapid development in industry
various types of motor having different speed
became more essential. Its hard to design motors
depending on the speed requirement of each
Frequency Drives came in
to existance for speed control of motors in the
industry. Commercial VFD’s are controlled for
speed variation with the help of human intervention
with the physical presence in the particular location
bove proposed work the speed
control of the motor and monitoring can be done
without human intervention with the help of IoT
technology. The speed of the motor can be controlled
from the remote location using the BLYNK VFD
mobile application. The VFD drive in industry is
integrated with VFD mobile application through
BLYNK cloud server. The real time speed of the
motor can also be monitored and the data can be
exported as CSV file for the motor speed analysis.
By making the VFD drive in to IoT enabled we can
increase the productivity of the industry and it also
ensures the safety of the labour working in the
industry. The another advantage is that the above
operation can be performed from any place
regardless of the location and it enables to control
of VFD installed in the industry from one
place. The only thing needed to achieve the
operation is Internet and mobile application
M.M.R. Ahmed and M. Soliman, “Speed
Control of AC Series Motor Using AC
Chopper Voltage Control” ,IEEE Electrical
& Energy Conference, 2010 IEEE.
Neha jain, N.H. Funde , N.P.
Meshram,Sudha Shrikant (2016) “ Speed
Control of Single Phase Induction Motor
using AC Chopperby Asymmetrical PWM
Technique” GRD Journals Volume 1 Issue
AbhishekGupta: “Induction motor speed
control using android application”.ISSN-
6988 International Journal of
Electrical and Electronic Research Volume
june 2016.
SPEED(RPM)
JASC: Journal of Applied Science and Computations
Volume 5, Issue 6, June /2018
ISSN NO: 0076-5131
Page No:276

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JASC: Journal of Applied Science and Computations
Volume 5, Issue 6, June /2018
ISSN NO: 0076-5131
Page No:277