HOARSENESS OF VOICE [Recovered].pptx
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This document discusses hoarseness of voice, including its definition as changes in voice quality such as breathy, strained, rough, tremorous or weak. It lists the main causes of hoarseness as infections, trauma, gastroesophageal reflux disease, laryngeal carcinoma or disorders of the vocal cords. Investigations may include history, examination, laryngoscopy, lab tests and radiological imaging. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include voice rest, voice therapy, pharmacotherapy, surgery, chemotherapy or lifestyle modifications.
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Voice & Speech Disorders.pptx
This document defines and describes various voice and speech disorders. It discusses the anatomy and physiology of normal voice production. It then defines and describes various types of voice disorders like dysphonia, dysarthria, hoarseness, vocal register issues, and specific disorders like vocal nodules, vocal polyps, laryngeal paralysis, and functional disorders. Evaluation and treatment approaches for some common voice disorders are also mentioned.
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This document discusses hoarseness, including its definition, anatomy, etiology, clinical evaluation, differential diagnosis, and management. Hoarseness refers to any change in voice quality and can be caused by infections, polyps, smoking, acid reflux, and other factors. The clinical evaluation of hoarseness involves taking a medical history, performing a physical exam including laryngoscopy, and considering differential diagnoses such as laryngitis, vocal fold lesions, laryngeal carcinoma, and neurologic dysfunction. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include voice rest, voice therapy, pharmacotherapy, and surgery.
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This document discusses paediatric voice disorders. It begins by describing vocal fold anatomy and the physiology of phonation. Common paediatric voice disorders are then outlined, including vocal nodules, laryngeal web, vocal polyps, cysts and papillomas. Both organic and functional disorders are discussed. The multidisciplinary evaluation of voice disorders is described, involving perceptual, acoustic, aerodynamic and endoscopic assessments. Management includes vocal hygiene training, voice therapy, medical treatment and phonosurgery as needed. The goals of behavioural voice therapy in children of different ages are explained.
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The document discusses auscultation of the respiratory system. It describes how to listen to breath sounds with a stethoscope and have the patient breathe. Normal breath sounds are described as vesicular. Bronchial breath sounds occur over consolidated lung. Added sounds include wheezes from airway narrowing and crackles from opening small airways. Vocal resonance and fremitus provide additional information by assessing sound transmission when the patient speaks or vibrates the voice. Overall, auscultation evaluates lung air content and architecture based on variations in breath sound transmission and intensity.
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Voice & Speech Disorders.pptx
This document defines and describes various voice and speech disorders. It discusses the anatomy and physiology of normal voice production. It then defines and describes various types of voice disorders like dysphonia, dysarthria, hoarseness, vocal register issues, and specific disorders like vocal nodules, vocal polyps, laryngeal paralysis, and functional disorders. Evaluation and treatment approaches for some common voice disorders are also mentioned.
VOCAL NODULE AND HORSENESS.pptx
DEFINATION
ATIOPATHOGENESIS
FEATURE AND PREDISPOSING FACTER
SYMPTOMS
DIAGNOSIS
DEFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Also known as Singer’s or Screamer's Nodes
Vocal cord nodules are benign growths on both vocal cords that are caused by vocal abuse
They appear symmetrically on the free edge of vocal cord
At the junction of anterior 1/3 and posterior 2/3 *area of maximum vibration of vocal cord.
Vocal cord nodules and its homeopathy treatment in Chembur, Mumbai, India.
"vocal cord nodules- these are benign growths protruding from a mucous membrane of vocal cords. The most common symptom is hoarseness of voice. Mindheal homeopathy provides effective solution in the treatment of this symptom. "/>
Laryngitis
Laryngitis is an inflammation of the larynx or voice box that can be caused by viral or bacterial infection, chemical irritation, or vocal overuse. Common symptoms include hoarseness, coughing, throat pain, and difficulty speaking or swallowing. Acute laryngitis lasts less than 3 weeks and is often caused by viruses. Chronic laryngitis produces lingering hoarseness from long term irritation or misuse. Treatment focuses on voice rest, inhaling steam, cough suppressants, and sometimes short term steroids or antibiotics. Voice therapy can help restore normal voice quality and prevent future issues.
voice dis orders lec.pptx
Speech is the vocalized form of human communication that involves articulation using the mouth, voice produced by vocal cords, and fluency or rhythm of speech. Speech production requires respiration from the lungs, phonation by the vocal cords, and articulation using structures in the mouth and nose. Hoarseness or roughness of voice can be caused by issues with the vocal cords such as paralysis, tumors, or nodules that prevent normal vibration. Various types of dysphonia including adductor, abductor, and mixed can be diagnosed and treated through laryngoscopy, botulinum toxin injections, voice therapy, and other methods.
Hoarseness
This document discusses hoarseness, including its definition, anatomy, etiology, clinical evaluation, differential diagnosis, and management. Hoarseness refers to any change in voice quality and can be caused by infections, polyps, smoking, acid reflux, and other factors. The clinical evaluation of hoarseness involves taking a medical history, performing a physical exam including laryngoscopy, and considering differential diagnoses such as laryngitis, vocal fold lesions, laryngeal carcinoma, and neurologic dysfunction. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include voice rest, voice therapy, pharmacotherapy, and surgery.
Paediatric voice disorders
This document discusses paediatric voice disorders. It begins by describing vocal fold anatomy and the physiology of phonation. Common paediatric voice disorders are then outlined, including vocal nodules, laryngeal web, vocal polyps, cysts and papillomas. Both organic and functional disorders are discussed. The multidisciplinary evaluation of voice disorders is described, involving perceptual, acoustic, aerodynamic and endoscopic assessments. Management includes vocal hygiene training, voice therapy, medical treatment and phonosurgery as needed. The goals of behavioural voice therapy in children of different ages are explained.
Respiratory system auscultation
The document discusses auscultation of the respiratory system. It describes how to listen to breath sounds with a stethoscope and have the patient breathe. Normal breath sounds are described as vesicular. Bronchial breath sounds occur over consolidated lung. Added sounds include wheezes from airway narrowing and crackles from opening small airways. Vocal resonance and fremitus provide additional information by assessing sound transmission when the patient speaks or vibrates the voice. Overall, auscultation evaluates lung air content and architecture based on variations in breath sound transmission and intensity.
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The document discusses evaluation of voice disorders. It begins by outlining the functions of the larynx, including protection of the tracheobronchial tree, respiration, phonation, increasing intrathoracic pressure, swallowing, and coughing. It then explains why voice is important as it conveys subtle messages about a person. The document proceeds to describe how phonation occurs, including the vibratory cycle of the vocal folds and the cover/body theory. It concludes by outlining various components of a comprehensive voice evaluation, including patient scales, perceptual evaluation using auditory, visual and tactile assessments, and objective measures of elements like pitch, loudness and quality.
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This document provides an overview of the anatomy and physiology of speech. It begins with the basic anatomy of the larynx and vocal cords. It then discusses the anatomy of the larynx in more detail, including its location, size, constituent cartilages and cavities. It describes the intrinsic and extrinsic laryngeal muscles. It explains the movements of the vocal folds and their role in voice production. It discusses the stages of voice production including compression, vibration, amplification and modification. It covers respiration, phonation and resonance. It also discusses the role of the palate, teeth and tongue in voice production and defines what a speech prosthesis is.
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The use of voice is an integral part of communication; our voice is one of the defining features of our individuality, and it shares a lot of information about you, your voice tells others if you are happy or sad, healthy or unwell, young or old. Our voice can also reveal to others our background, such as the region of the world where we live, and even our social economic status, when a voice produced that perceived by others as unusual or strange and draws attention to the person who is speaking, it is quite likely the person is demonstrating a voice disorder.
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This document provides information on auscultation of the chest during a physical examination. It discusses the process of chest auscultation using a stethoscope and describes normal and abnormal breath sounds that may be heard. Specific points on the chest are identified for listening to breath sounds. Normal breath sounds as well as different types of abnormal breath sounds such as bronchial, decreased, and adventitious sounds like crackles, rhonchi and wheezes are defined. Extrapulmonary sounds and voice sounds that can be assessed during auscultation are also outlined.
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HEARING LOSS
1) Conductive hearing loss results from any disease that interferes with sound conduction to the cochlea, with lesions potentially in the external ear, tympanic membrane, middle ear, or ossicles.
2) Characteristics include a negative Rinne test, Weber lateralized to the poorer ear, and normal bone conduction with an air-bone gap on audiometry.
3) Causes include congenital abnormalities, external ear obstructions, middle ear fluid/mass/fixation, and Eustachian tube blockage.
4) Sensorineural hearing loss results from cochlear, nerve, or brain lesions present at birth or later in life. Characteristics include
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Hearing tests
The document discusses human ear tests of hearing. It describes three main types of hearing loss - conductive, sensorineural, and mixed - and explains what each type is caused by. It also outlines several common tuning fork tests used to evaluate hearing, including Rinne's test, Weber test, and Schwabach test. Finally, it provides an overview of pure tone audiometry testing procedures and how to interpret audiogram results.
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This document discusses various disorders of voice including dysphonia, aphonia, diplophonia, puberphonia, phonasthenia, disorders of resonance like rhinolalia aperta and rhinolalia clausa, hoarseness, muscle tension dysphonia, spasmodic dysphonia, and sulcus vocalis. It describes the definition, etiology, symptoms, signs, investigations, and treatment of each disorder. Evaluation of hoarseness includes detailed history taking and examination of the larynx, neck, and other systems to determine the underlying cause. Botulinum toxin injections are the mainstay of treatment for spasmodic dysphonia while voice therapy is recommended for
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This document discusses various voice disorders including dysphonia, dysarthria, dysarthrophonia, and hoarseness. It describes the main causes of voice disorders as inflammatory, neoplastic/structural, neuromuscular, and muscle tension imbalance. Treatment options discussed include vocal hygiene and lifestyle advice, voice therapy, medical treatment such as for acid reflux, phonosurgery procedures, and in some cases Botulinum toxin injections. Specific voice disorders covered in detail include vocal fold polyps, nodules, Reinke's edema, and muscle tension dysphonia.
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Hoarseness is an abnormal change in the voice that can be caused by disorders of the vocal folds. Symptoms include a breathy, raspy, strained or abnormal pitch or volume. Common causes discussed include benign vocal fold lesions from overuse, vocal fold hemorrhage from yelling, gastroesophageal reflux, laryngopharyngeal reflux, smoking, and neurological disorders. Evaluation includes laryngoscopy and other imaging tests if needed. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include voice therapy, antireflux therapy, corticosteroids, antimicrobials, botulinum toxin injections, or surgery. Preventive measures like hydration and avoiding irritants can help lower risk of hoarseness.
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CONCLUSION
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This document summarizes various tests used to evaluate hearing. It discusses tests of hearing thresholds like pure tone audiometry to determine the type and degree of hearing loss. Other tests discussed include tympanometry to assess middle ear function, otoacoustic emissions to evaluate cochlear outer hair cell function, and electrocochleography and BERA to objectively measure electrical responses in the cochlea and auditory nerve. The document provides details on the principles, procedures, and interpretations of these common audiological tests used to evaluate hearing.
2 audiological evaluation
The document provides an overview of audiological evaluation techniques, including:
1. Behavioral tests like play audiometry and pure tone audiometry that measure hearing sensitivity. Objective tests like ABR, OAEs, and electrocochleography are used for infants and difficult to test patients.
2. Middle ear assessment tools like tympanometry and acoustic reflex testing evaluate the function of the middle ear.
3. Evoked potential tests like ABR, ECochG and OAEs assess cochlear and neural hearing function without depending on behavioral responses. ABR in particular provides threshold information and can detect neurological abnormalities.
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The document discusses evaluation of voice disorders. It begins by outlining the functions of the larynx, including protection of the tracheobronchial tree, respiration, phonation, increasing intrathoracic pressure, swallowing, and coughing. It then explains why voice is important as it conveys subtle messages about a person. The document proceeds to describe how phonation occurs, including the vibratory cycle of the vocal folds and the cover/body theory. It concludes by outlining various components of a comprehensive voice evaluation, including patient scales, perceptual evaluation using auditory, visual and tactile assessments, and objective measures of elements like pitch, loudness and quality.
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Pubertal voice disorders & Puberphonia, Dr Fadaly
The use of voice is an integral part of communication; our voice is one of the defining features of our individuality, and it shares a lot of information about you, your voice tells others if you are happy or sad, healthy or unwell, young or old. Our voice can also reveal to others our background, such as the region of the world where we live, and even our social economic status, when a voice produced that perceived by others as unusual or strange and draws attention to the person who is speaking, it is quite likely the person is demonstrating a voice disorder.
So, I am happy to introduce this presentation about Pubertal voice disorders & Puberphonia, I would like this presentation to be useful and add a lot of information on this topic.
Chest auscultation
This document provides information on auscultation of the chest during a physical examination. It discusses the process of chest auscultation using a stethoscope and describes normal and abnormal breath sounds that may be heard. Specific points on the chest are identified for listening to breath sounds. Normal breath sounds as well as different types of abnormal breath sounds such as bronchial, decreased, and adventitious sounds like crackles, rhonchi and wheezes are defined. Extrapulmonary sounds and voice sounds that can be assessed during auscultation are also outlined.
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otalgia- JUN 2023 OM VERMA.pdf
Otalgia, or ear pain, can be caused by infections, tumors, or other issues that affect the ear, face, neck or throat. Diagnostic tests like dental x-rays, CT/MRI scans, audiograms and vestibular tests help identify the underlying cause. Treatment depends on the cause but may include antibiotics, antivirals, analgesics, steroids or surgery. Accurately diagnosing the source of referred ear pain is important for successful management.
HEARING LOSS
1) Conductive hearing loss results from any disease that interferes with sound conduction to the cochlea, with lesions potentially in the external ear, tympanic membrane, middle ear, or ossicles.
2) Characteristics include a negative Rinne test, Weber lateralized to the poorer ear, and normal bone conduction with an air-bone gap on audiometry.
3) Causes include congenital abnormalities, external ear obstructions, middle ear fluid/mass/fixation, and Eustachian tube blockage.
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This document discusses auscultation of the lungs and describes various normal and abnormal breath sounds that can be detected. It outlines the areas of the lungs that should be auscultated and defines vesicular and bronchial breath sounds. Various adventitious lung sounds are also described such as wheezes, crackles, and pleural friction rubs. Their characteristics and common disease associations are provided in concise detail.
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The document discusses human ear tests of hearing. It describes three main types of hearing loss - conductive, sensorineural, and mixed - and explains what each type is caused by. It also outlines several common tuning fork tests used to evaluate hearing, including Rinne's test, Weber test, and Schwabach test. Finally, it provides an overview of pure tone audiometry testing procedures and how to interpret audiogram results.
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This document discusses various disorders of voice including dysphonia, aphonia, diplophonia, puberphonia, phonasthenia, disorders of resonance like rhinolalia aperta and rhinolalia clausa, hoarseness, muscle tension dysphonia, spasmodic dysphonia, and sulcus vocalis. It describes the definition, etiology, symptoms, signs, investigations, and treatment of each disorder. Evaluation of hoarseness includes detailed history taking and examination of the larynx, neck, and other systems to determine the underlying cause. Botulinum toxin injections are the mainstay of treatment for spasmodic dysphonia while voice therapy is recommended for
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This document discusses various voice disorders including dysphonia, dysarthria, dysarthrophonia, and hoarseness. It describes the main causes of voice disorders as inflammatory, neoplastic/structural, neuromuscular, and muscle tension imbalance. Treatment options discussed include vocal hygiene and lifestyle advice, voice therapy, medical treatment such as for acid reflux, phonosurgery procedures, and in some cases Botulinum toxin injections. Specific voice disorders covered in detail include vocal fold polyps, nodules, Reinke's edema, and muscle tension dysphonia.
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Hoarseness is an abnormal change in the voice that can be caused by disorders of the vocal folds. Symptoms include a breathy, raspy, strained or abnormal pitch or volume. Common causes discussed include benign vocal fold lesions from overuse, vocal fold hemorrhage from yelling, gastroesophageal reflux, laryngopharyngeal reflux, smoking, and neurological disorders. Evaluation includes laryngoscopy and other imaging tests if needed. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include voice therapy, antireflux therapy, corticosteroids, antimicrobials, botulinum toxin injections, or surgery. Preventive measures like hydration and avoiding irritants can help lower risk of hoarseness.
Hearing loss
Hearing loss can be conductive, sensorineural, or mixed. Conductive hearing loss occurs when sound is not conducted efficiently through the outer ear, ear canal, or middle ear. Sensorineural hearing loss is damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve. Known causes of hearing loss include heredity, noise exposure, traumatic injury, infection, certain medications, aging, and unknown causes. Hearing is tested using tuning fork tests, pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry, and tympanometry.
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The document discusses laryngitis and vocal cord paralysis. Laryngitis is inflammation of the voice box that causes hoarseness and can be acute or chronic. It is usually caused by viral infection but long-term issues like smoking or acid reflux can lead to chronic laryngitis. Vocal cord paralysis occurs when the nerves controlling the vocal cords are damaged, preventing normal movement and function. Both conditions impact voice and breathing and may require treatments like voice therapy, injections, or surgery to improve symptoms. Accurate diagnosis involves laryngoscopy and other exams to determine the cause and appropriate treatment plan.
Kalpana phonetics
Phonetics
INTRODUCTION
DEFINITIONS
MECHANISM OF VOICE PRODUCTION
COMPONENTS OF SPEECH
CLASSIFICATION OF SPEECH SOUNDS
FACTORS IN DENTURE DESIGN AFFECTING SPEECH
PALATOGRAMS
SPEECH TEST
SPEECH PROBLEMS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ERGONOMICS - Hearing (auditory sense)
The document discusses key aspects of hearing and acoustics. It defines acoustics as the science of sound production, transmission, and effects. It outlines goals for acoustical design such as reliably transmitting desired sounds while minimizing annoyance and stress. It also discusses psychoacoustics, the perception of sound, and sound itself. The document then covers ear anatomy and hearing mechanisms, human hearing ranges, sound intensity levels, pathways of sound through the ear, and physiological and psychological effects of sound and noise on humans. It discusses noise-induced hearing loss and strategies to prevent it, including through the use of hearing protection devices like earplugs.
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This document discusses various voice disorders including dysphonia, aphonia, diplophonia, puberphonia, phonasthenia, disorders of resonance, rhinolalia, hoarseness, and spasmodic dysphonia. It defines each disorder, discusses their etiology, symptoms, signs, investigations, and treatments. Specifically, it provides detailed information on dysphonia plicaventricularis, functional aphonia, puberphonia, phonasthenia, and treatments for spasmodic dysphonia including botulinum toxin injections for adductor and abductor forms.
Tests of hearing
This document summarizes various tests used to evaluate hearing. It discusses tests of hearing thresholds like pure tone audiometry to determine the type and degree of hearing loss. Other tests discussed include tympanometry to assess middle ear function, otoacoustic emissions to evaluate cochlear outer hair cell function, and electrocochleography and BERA to objectively measure electrical responses in the cochlea and auditory nerve. The document provides details on the principles, procedures, and interpretations of these common audiological tests used to evaluate hearing.
2 audiological evaluation
The document provides an overview of audiological evaluation techniques, including:
1. Behavioral tests like play audiometry and pure tone audiometry that measure hearing sensitivity. Objective tests like ABR, OAEs, and electrocochleography are used for infants and difficult to test patients.
2. Middle ear assessment tools like tympanometry and acoustic reflex testing evaluate the function of the middle ear.
3. Evoked potential tests like ABR, ECochG and OAEs assess cochlear and neural hearing function without depending on behavioral responses. ABR in particular provides threshold information and can detect neurological abnormalities.
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HOARSENESS OF VOICE [Recovered].pptx
- 1. HOARSENESS OF VOICE Presenter: NOSIKU SIAAISI
- 2. OBJECTIVES Definition Causes and risk factors Investigations Treatment
- 3. DEFINITON • “HARSENESS” is a term used to describe any changes in the voice quality. Hoarseness may manifest as a voice that sounds breathy, strained, rough, tremorous, strangled or weak. Hoarseness is often a symptom of problem in the vocal cords of the larynx.
- 4. NORMAL VOICE PRODUCTION Voice production depends on three things: the lungs, vocal cords(larynx), and the anatomy to modify the sound. The lungs expel air through the voice box causing the vocal cords to vibrate, the vocal cords are normally in an open position but come together to a closed position to produce sound. As air passes through the closed vocal cords they vibrate, this vibration of the vocal cords produces sound which is then propelled through the throat and mouth.
- 5. ANATOMY
- 6. ETIOLOGY • Hoarseness of voice may be caused by: Infections (bacterial, viral, or fungi) trauma Gastroesophageal reflex(GERD) Laryngeal carcinoma Disorders of the vocal cords
- 7. DISORDERS OF THE VOCAL CORDS
- 8. RISK FACTORS Voice abuse Smoking Alcohol abuse Aging stroke
- 9. INVESTIGATIONS 1. History taking 2. Examination of the neck, chest, and neurological system 3. Direct or indirect laryngoscopy 4. Lab investigations • histology • Full blood count 1. Radiological investigations • X-ray • CT scan • MRI
- 10. Examination of the larynx
- 11. TREATMENT • Management options for hoarseness vary depending on the underlying cause, treatment of hoarseness of voice generally consists of: Voice rest Voice therapy Pharmacotherapy Chemotherapy if the cause is a cancer Surgery • Vocal cord stripping • Partial laryngectomy/total laryngectomy Life style modification
- 12. DIFFERENTIALS FOR HOARSENESS OF VOICE • Acute laryngitis • Chronic laryngitis • Benign vocal cord lesions • Laryngeal cancer • Spasmodic dysphonia
- 13. THANK YOU