ordered details of properties in comparison

1. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
OF METAL AND NON
METALS
Class X : CBSE (CHEMISTRY) chpt:3 ncert

2. REACTIONS of metals with the following
1. Oxygen
2. Water
3. Acid
4. Salt solutions of metal

3. something about metals ::
The metals are the elements which have less than four electrons in
their outermost energy levels, During the chemical reactions, the
atoms of the metallic elements tend to lose their outermost electrons,
and change into the positive
ions.
The positive ions carry a number of the positive charges equal to the
number of the lost electrons, The electronic structure of the positive
ion is similar to that of the nearest preceding inert gas in the modern
periodic table.

4. Metal + oxygen Metal Oxide

5. Some more examples of METAL with Oxygen

6. AMPHOTERIC OXIDES
An amphoteric oxide is one that can act as either an acid or a base. Generally, non-
metallic oxides are acidic and metallic oxides are basic. Metallic oxides, which show
the basic as well as acidic nature, are known as amphoteric oxides. Elements that
form amphoteric oxides have some characteristics of metals and some of the non-
metals.
Amphoteric oxides react with both acids and alkalis to form salt and water. Examples
of amphoteric oxides are zinc oxide and aluminum oxide.
ZnO(s) + 2HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2O(l)
ZnO(s) + 2NaOH(a) → Na2ZnO2(aq) + H2O(l)
Al2O3(s) + 6HCl(aq) → 2AlCl3(aq) + 3H2O(l)
Al2O3(s) + 2NaOH(aq) → 2NaAlO2(aq) + H2O(l)

8. Different reactivities with different metals

9. Reaction of non metals with oxygen
S + O₂ SO₂

11. COMPARISON
Non-metals are electronegative are unable to break the bond between H and O in water. The non-metals cannot reduce hydrogen by
donating electrons.Thus non metals do not react with water.
Non-metals are electronegative are unable to
break the bond between H and O in water. The
non-metals cannot reduce hydrogen by donating
electrons.Thus non metals do not react with water.

12. Reaction of metals and non metals with acid
Reactions of non-metal with acids
Non-metals do not react with acids. This is due to
the fact that a substance undergoing reaction with
acids, donates electrons to the H+ ions produced
by the acids. But non-metals are acceptor of
electrons and hence they do not donate electron to
the hydrogen ion of the acid. As a result they do not
react with dilute acids.But there are some
exceptions.
6HNO3 + S -> H2SO4 + 6NO2 + 2H2O

14. Laboratory look: metals with acid & steam
Refer page 43 ncert

15. Some references
Aqua regia Anodising

16. SPECIALLY Aluminium
1
.
2
3
4
5