The Philippine Revolution began in 1896 as a war for independence against Spain but later transitioned to a war against the United States after it displaced Spanish control. Key events included Bonifacio's call to arms which sparked the revolution, early battles against Spanish forces, and internal divisions that led to Bonifacio's execution. The revolution achieved a brief respite with the 1897 Pact of Biak-na-Bato but hostilities soon resumed as both sides broke the agreement.

2. ,
• THE PHILIPPINE Revolution began in 1896
and really ended only in 1901.
• At first, it was a war of independence
against the Spain.
• Later,it turned into a war of independence
against the United State
• The first part of revolution was a success.
• Many of our best heroes were killed during
the revolution.

3. • After the discovery of the Katipunan ,Bonifacio
gathered his men in the hills of balintawak.
• Balintawak was the place north of Manila which
was then a secret meeting place of the
katipuneros.
• On August 26,1896,the fiery Bonifacio stopped all
the talking .”There is no other way,”he told them,
”enough is enough!” He angrily tore his residence
certificate(Cedula).
• It was the symbol of Spanish oppression of Filipinos.
• Also their tore cedulas the called for a revolution.
• The katipuneros led by Bonifacio started the
Revolution.

4. • (1) The abuses of Spanish officials and
priests;
• (2)Persecution of Filipino leaders who
defended the rights of their fellow
countrymen;
• (3)Filipinos 'desire to regain their
independence;
• (4)Discovery of the Katipunan and
Bonifacio’s call for revolution.

5.  The first battle of the revolution took place at
the town of San Juan del Monte at dawn of
Sunday, August 30 ,1986.
 Bonifacio and some 1000 katipuneros attacked
the Spanish arsenal at San Juan.
 It was bloody and awful battle.
The Filipinos were armed only with bolos,a few
handmade guns (paltics) old rifles,bamboo
spears, and amulets (anting-anting).

6. The superior weapons' of the Spanish
Armed forces won the day.
The Filipinos lost and retreated.
They left 153 dead comrades behind.

7. The revolution quickly spread like wild fire in
Southern Luzon,
The Spanish Governor General, Ramon
Blanco, declared a state of war in eight
provinces;
Manila,Bulacan,Pampanga,Nueva
Ecija,Tarlac,Laguna,Cavite,and Batangas.

8. The Spanish officials terrorized the Filipinos
and executed many of their famous leaders.
Many Filipino patriots were arrested and put
in prison at Fort Santiago.
About 1,000 Filipinos were exiled to Guam,
Africa and other Spanish prisons abroad.
The martyrdom of their leaders made the
Filipinos more angry at the Spanish officials.
The famous martyr of the Philippine
revolution 1896 was Dr.Jose Rizal.

9. Rizal was allowed to leave Dapitan and go to
Cuba as a volunteer doctor in the Spain army.
He was arrested and taken back to Manila.
He was put in prison at fort Snatiago and
tried by the military court .
He was found guilty of being a traitor to
Spain and sentenced to death.
At dawn of December 30,1896,Rizal was shot
by a firing squad at the Luneta.

10. Emilio Aguinaldo
• Born on March 22, 1869.
• Quit his studies at the Letran College in
Manila after his father died in 1882.
• Gen. Aguinaldo was elected President of the
First Revolutionary Government on March 23
and lasted until October 31, 1897.
• He beated Bonifacio to the position.
• Aguinaldo was elected as the President of the
Biak-na-Bato Republic on November 1, 1897.

11. The Filipinos freedom fighter fought with
crude wepons: bolos, clubs , stones, bamboo,
spears, old musket, and homomade guns
(paltiks).
The Filipinos won many battles against the
Spanish Government troop.
The Greatest victory in the battle of the
Filipino was won by Emilio Aguinaldo in the
battle of Binakayan, Cavite on November 9 to
11,1896.

12. Thousands of Filipinos were inspired to join
the revolution in the nearby provinces.
The Filipino revolutionaries captured, Las
Piñas, Parañaque, and other towns around in
manila.

13. • The revolutionaries was divided in two.
• The Magdalos- Aguinaldo’s group and the
Magdiwangs- Bonifacio’s group.
• Aguinaldo win his battles while Bonifacio lost
all his battle.
• Bonifacio’s supporters refused to help
Aguinaldo when they were attacked similarly.
• Aguinaldo’s followers, did not help the
Magdiwangs when they fought the Spaniard.

14. • Both rival groups decided to meet at Tejeros, Cavite
on March 22, 1897.
• They wanted to settle the controversy on
Leadership because a revolution must have only
one leader.
• They decided to elect the officers of a Revolutionary
Government.
• Bonifacio was over-confident. His followers
outnumbered the followers of Aguinaldo.
• Aguinaldo wasn’t able to attend the election
because he was fighting the Spanish army at Imus.

15. • Bonifacio was elected as the new leader.
• He did not know that the Filipinos no longer
wanted him as the leader. Aguinaldo won the
majority vote for new President of the First
Revolutionary Government..
• Bonifacio lost even the position of Vice-
President and the other lower positions.
• As a consolation, Bonifacio was elected to
the last office of secretary of the interior but
even the lowest position was protested by
Daniel Tirona.

16. • At the Battle of Limbon, Bonifacio and his
men lost the fight and were taken prisoners.
• Andres was wounded and his brother Ciriaco
was killed.
• His wife Gregoria de Jesus was one of the
prisoners.
• The Revolutionary Government tried
Bonifacio and his brother Procopio by
military court martial at Maragondon on May
5, 1897 and they were found guilty they were
sentenced to die.

17. • Aguinaldo reduced their sentence to life
imprisonment but was able to cancel that
order and execute Bonifacio.
• On May 19, 1897 Andres and Procopio were
shot by a firing squad of Aguinaldo’s soldiers
in near Maragondon.
• Under the command of Major Lazaro
Makapagal.

18. The revolution went from bad to worse for
the Filipinos.
Aguinaldo lost one battle after another.
Aguinaldo moved his war camp many times
away from Cavite.
On november 1, 1897 the filipinos
revolutionaries leaders approved a
constitution for anew Government.
.This became a Biaknabato Republic.
On Nov. 1 to Dec. 30, 1897 Aguinaldo was
again elected as President of the Biaknabato
Republic.

19. No one side could win the revolution.
The Filipinos could not win.
The Spanish government could not win .
Spanish Governor General Primo de Rivera
told the Spanish Cortes (Parliament): “I Can
captured their Biaknabato headquarters.
So he sent the olive branch of peace to
Aguinaldo .He offered to end the fighting on
both sides.
Aguinaldo decided to accept the peace offer
of Governor Primo de Rivera.

20. Dr. Pedro A. Paterno, a prominent Filipino
,acted as the go-between in the peace
negotiations.
He succeeded in negotiating the agreement
to end the fighting between the Filipinos and
the Spaniards.
This was historic Pact of BiaknaBato.
It was signed by General Aguinaldo and
Governor General Primo Rivera on Dec. 14
and 15 1897.

21. • Peace was proclaimed in the Philippines after
the Pact of Biak-na-Bato.
• Gen. Aguinaldo and other revolutionary
leaders went to exile in Hong Kong as a part
of agreement.
• Aguinaldo and his companions reached Hong
Kong on December 30, 1897.

22. Women of the Revolution
 Melchora Aquino (popularly known as “Tandang
Sora”
 Gregoria Montoya (joan of Arc of Cavite”)
 Agueda Kahabagan (joan of Arc of the Sant Cruz,
Laguna”);
 Tersa Magbanua (joan of aec of the Visayas”)
 Trinidad Tecson (“Mother of Biaknabato”)
 Nazarai Lagos (“Florence Nightingale of Panay”)
 Patronicia Gamboa (Heroine of jaro”)
 Marcela Agoncillo (wife of Filipino doplomat Felipe
agoncillo.

23. Spanish
• Both the Filipinos and
the Spaniards broke
their peace agreement
at Biak-na-Bato.
• Spain did not pay P1.7
million war indemnity
to the Filipinos.
• Only P600,000 was
paid.
• Spanish officials
continue to arrest and
punish Filipino who
surrendered.
Filipino
• Aguinaldo spend the
money to buy more
arms and ammunition.
• They did not surrender
all their weapons.
• They wanted to
continue the
revolution.