Music video Analysis

Andrew Goodwin`s seven features of a music video
1: Music videos will demonstrate the characteristics of a genre such as in a boy of girl band a dance routine is
generally displayed.
2: A relationship is apparent between the lyrics and visuals. The lyrics are represented with images and are either
illustrative, amplifying or contradicting.
3: A relationship is apparent between the music and visuals. The tone and atmosphere of the visual reflects the music.
4: The record label demands lots of close ups of the artist. The artist may also develop certain motifs which visually
reoccur across their work.
5: There is a frequent reference to the looking notion through screens within screens, mirrors, stages and so on.
There is also particular emphasis on the female body.
6: The artist may visually present recurring motifs or iconology in their work.
7: Intertextual reference to films, TV programmes, other music videos ect is often shown.

COASTS
Coasts is an indie pop/alternative rock music group consisting of five members:
Chris Caines, Liam Willford, James Gamage, David Goulbourn and Ben Street.
The band met at University in Bath band after moving to Bristol formed the
band in 2011. Coasts signed a record deal in the UK with Warner Music and
with Capital Records in the USA in 2014.
They are most well known for their singles ‘Oceans’ and ‘A Rush of Blood’.
‘Oceans has gained a large variety of media attention and has been played over
four million times on SoundCloud. ‘A Rush of Blood’ achieved the title of Zane
Lowe’s ‘Hottest Record’ in October 2014 and it has also been featured in Made
in Chelsea.

The music video demonstrates genre
characteristics
LIGHTING
In ‘Oceans’, the lighting is presented in two
different forms: in a bright vibrant lighting
generally when the lead singer and the girl
are shown together but the other form of
lighting when he is either on his own or
himself and the girl are in his room. This
shows the narrative contribution of this music
video as the lighting is used in a variety of
ways to connote the meaning of the story and
highlight the narrative aspect of the video.
This approach empathises the indie feel to the
video meaning it will stand out to the target
audience.
COASTS-
OCEANS

characteristics
PERFORMANCE
The illustrative aspect of this video is continued throughout which is typical of an
indie/ alternative video meaning it will stand out to the target audience. Coasts
mainly focuses on the narrative element of the video telling the story between the
couple yet the male is also the lead singer so the audience do see a slight performance
element as well. This means the emphasis of the story will engage the audiences’
interest yet the performance aspect closely shows the connection between the lyrics
and the illustrative nature of the video due to the fact the singer also acts as the male
in the relationship. The narrative element of the video focuses strongly on this
relationship between the male and female until as an audience we begin to witness
the emotional downfall if the girl leading towards a suggested suicide. This then
heavily changes the narrative of the video giving the song a different meaning
presenting to me how a narrative video can impact the lyrics of the song.

EDITING/ CAMERAWORK
In ‘Oceans’ generally fast paced editing is used which works well
with the pace of the song and keeps the audience intrigued. Due
to the narrative element of the video it could be inferred the fast
paced editing used mirrors the relationship shown in the video
building tension and highlighting the audiences interest. The
camerawork clearly fits the genre of an indie/alternative music
video using a variety of shots both static and with movement
ensuring the audiences’ interest is fixated on the video at all
times. Following the typical convention of a music video, the edits
between shots are simply cuts rather than using any transitions
which works well with the song as it allows more fast paced
editing and tension to be built within the audience leading
towards the suggested suicide of the girl heightening the
emotions felt within the audience.
characteristics

STYLING
The styling in this music video is very typical of an
indie/alternative music video as the artist is
presented as normal and relatable. The female in this
video is also presented in the same way presenting
the normality of their relationship and how this is
something the audience can relate to. The clothing is
minimalistic throughout the video and the female is
shown in a bikini clearly illustrating the fact they are
by the ocean. In certain parts of the video the couple
are seen wearing little clothing suggesting a possibly
intimate relationship which clearly emphasizes to the
audience how this relationship is more romantic as
opposed to a friendship.
characteristics

A relationship is apparent between the
lyrics and the visuals
•“right by the ocean”- on ocean it cuts to underwater with the text
“Coasts” to open the video- illustrative lyrics
•“from the tips of your fingers”- takes suitcase from hands- amplifies lyrics
•“take a trip to the sea”- shows car
•“rebel”- shot suggests intimacy
•“is that the devil in your eyes”- extreme close up of her eyes- illustrative
lyrics
•“we fell in love right by the ocean”- shows artist singing on the beach
•“down on the sand”- shows the female’s feet in the sea walking on sand
•“we live in a fractured world”- shoes female drinking alcohol and
swallowing pills, suggests the consequences in living in this ‘world’
•“we fell in love right by the ocean”- artist holding female
There is a clear narrative aspect of this video with
heavy emphasis on the illustrative nature of the lyrics
amplifying the visuals. The lyrics and the visuals
heavily emphasize the relationship between the singer
and the female demonstrating the connection with the
song.

music and the visuals
As the relationship progresses throughout the video, the song and atmosphere
gradually builds tension in the audience leading towards the suggested death of the
female. The dramatic element of this makes the audience heavily feel the emotional
connection with the song which is a vital element to have in a narrative music video.
The performance element through the artists lip syncing is realistic providing a
professional aspect making the target audience more likely to enjoy the song and
music video. The song name is ‘Oceans’ and as this is also sung by the band ‘Coasts’
the fact the filming of this music video is predominately on a beach it heavily connects
both the song and artist name to the song making a connection for the audience which
is likely to make the artist more memorable. The editing of the song works on the
upbeat rhythm cutting each shot accordingly which upholds the audiences interest due
to the fact the shots are different and rarely static. This overall makes the artist more
memorable which is a vital element in the products of smaller indie/alternative bands
due to the fact they are not as well known so they need to make their product
memorable and stands out to their target audience.

The record label demands lots of close ups of the
artist. The artist may also develop certain motifs
which visually reoccur across their work.
The main close ups of the artist is in the
performance element of the video connoting the
idea the song heavily connects to the relationship
due to the fact he also acts as the male in this
relationship. This suggests the record label does
demand lots of close ups of the artist which is vital
for smaller indie/alternative artists as it makes
their face more memorable and recognizable which
makes it more likely they’ll be successful.

OTHER WORK
Coasts have shown motifs across their worm that closely link to
‘Oceans’,. In ‘Modern love’ the style of editing with the performance
and narrative elements stand out to me as a similar style of ‘Oceans’
as well as the close ups of the artist when he is singing. ‘Heart Starts
Beating’ presents to me the closest resemblance to ‘Oceans’ with the
references to the female showing similarly framed shots as well as the
reference to the ocean. In ‘Let Me Love You’ there is reference in the
narrative to a relationship gradually progressing leading to the
suggested death of the male similarly to the ending of ‘Oceans’. These
motifs allow the artist to be recognized vividly in their work as well
as ensuring members of their target audience who like their music
will continue to enjoy it due to the similarity in their products. This is
very beneficial for a small indie/alternative artist such as Coasts as it
allows more opportunity for success in their work.
The record label demands lots of close ups of the
artist. The artist may also develop certain motifs
which visually reoccur across their work.
Heart Starts
Beating
Modern Love
LetMeLoveYou

There is a frequent reference to the looking notion
through screens within screens, mirrors, stages and so
on. There is also particular emphasis on the female
body.
The looking notion is especially emphasized
within the audience highlighting the extent of
the romantic relationship and the eye contact
made with the audience through the camera
also connects the audience to this. This ends
with the relationship ending due to the
female’s suggested death meaning the
connection the audience has felt with the
couple means they feel greater sympathy
when she dies making the song and music
video connection more memorable.

Although there is some emphasis on the female body I feel that
the female isn't necessarily sexualized in the music video. I feel
she is portrayed as a regular girl on the beach with her partner
that unfortunately ends in possible death heightening our
sympathy for her as an audience. The female is shown in little
clothing however I feel this is to fit with the ocean setting and
title of the song rather than a sexualized approach. It could be
suggested that Coasts did this as they are an indie/alternative
group to make their video stand out and be more relatable to
the audience so when the female possibly dies we feel ultimate
sympathy for her and it is likely for the song to make more of a
memorable impression on the audience.
through screens within screens, mirrors, stages and so
on. There is also particular emphasis on the female
body.

The artist may visually present recurring
motifs or iconology in their work.
The style of editing in ‘Paradise’ is fairly similar to ‘Oceans’ cutting at the
beats as well as the camera movement following the artist as well as the
close ups. The styling is also fairly similar in the sense both the artist and
the male are dressed normally and similarly to the target audience meaning
as an audience we can relate more to them. Also similarly to ‘Oceans’,
Coasts put their artist name on the opening od the song which is shown in
‘A Rush Of Blood’, ‘Let Me Love You’ and ‘Heart Starts Beating’. This
recurring motif increases publicity for the artist as well as putting their
name out there for their target audience at the beginning of the song. ‘A
Rush Of Blood’ also use the black border seen in ‘Oceans’ making the video
stand out.
Paradise
Let Me Love You
A Rush Of Blood Heart Starts Beating

Intertextual reference to films, TV
programmes, other music videos ect is often
shown.
In the framing of the female in the
music video it is similar to Miley Cyrus
in ‘Malibu’ especially with the styling
and portrayal of the female. Although
‘Malibu’ is more pop rock in
comparison to indie/pop alternative
the video does suggest some
referencing. ‘Malibu’ takes place by the
ocean which is also shown in Coasts’
video.
MILEY CYRUS- MALIBU COASTS- OCEANS

shown.
LANA DEL REY- WEST COAST COASTS- OCEANS
However, there is a heavy link to Lana Del Rey’s music
video of ‘West Coast’ portraying and framing the
female in a similar way. Although the video is in black
and white, the camerawork does present some reference
to ‘Oceans’ with Coasts adopting the same setting with
the Ocean, the portrayal of the female shown through
smoking and the relationship. However, there is some
difference in the relationship as in ‘West Coast’ it
appears the female adores the male more than the
relationship being equal which is shown more in
‘Oceans’. Despite the differences however, both ‘West
Coast’ and ‘Malibu’ suggested intertextual reference
from ‘Oceans’ presenting to me how I can gain
inspiration from music videos to create a product that
stands out.

THE
SCRIPT
The Script are an Irish Rock band who formed in 2001 in Dublin and the band
consists of the lead vocalist Danny O’Donoghue, lead guitarist Mark Sheehan
and the drummer Glen Power. The band moved to London after signing to
Sony Label Group releasing their debut album.
The Script are a pop/soft rock band and their music has been featured in
television programmes such as 90210, Ghost Whisperer, The Hills, Waterloo
Road, EastEnders, Made in Chelsea and The Vampire Diaries. The band have
received two Brit Award nominations and have many well known songs such as
‘The Man Who Can’t Be Moved’, ‘Hall of Fame’, ‘If you Could See Me Now’ and
‘Superheroes’.

characteristics
LIGHTING
The lighting in the music video has three
predominant forms: the lighting showing the girl
and boy, their dreams of who they want to be
and the artist. This shows the clear contrast
between dreams and reality and the performance
element of the video being separate to this which
clearly tells the audience the artist is not
involved in the narrative of the video. This
particular emphasis on lighting is typical of a
pop-rock genre as it allows more meaning to be
expressed in the narrative aspect as well as
portraying the artist in the performance aspect in
a dramatic way.
THE SCRIPT-
HALL OF
FAME

characteristics
PERFORMANCE
The clear connotation of the narrative works well with the
performance element of this video as it clearly illustrates to
the audience the meaning of the song through the song
lyrics. The video shows a deaf girl who wants to be a dancer
and a boy who wants to be a boxer which they both succeed
in the end of the video with the girl performing a dance
move she’s never been able to do before and the boy
winning a fight. This amplifies the lyrics of the song as it
shows the success in the narrative which closely relates to
the lyrics as it focuses on how you can be whatever you
want to be – “you can be the greatest, you can be the best”.
The music video overall is a performance-narrative video
with clear illustration and amplification of the lyrics which
help the audience make the clear reference to the song.

characteristics
EDITING/ CAMERAWORK
There is a clear use of cross-cutting in this video
cutting between the girl and boy’s separate lives and
to the performance aspect showing the singers and
band. This clearly illustrates the narrative element of
the video as well as conveying the performance aspect
without disrupting the story of the narrative. For
certain parts of the video, fast paced editing is used
such as the turns for the girl’s dancing closely
relating how she accomplished the dance move in her
vision and in the fight to convey a dramatic aspect to
the audience. This will ensure the audience will
remain interested throughout the video as this build
up of tension in the narrative will make them want to
learn what happens.

characteristics
STYLING
The clothing worn by the girl and boy clearly match the
lyrics of the song demonstrating the meaning this
connotes to the audience which is a characteristic of the
pop rock genre. The girl and boy wear darker clothing in
their vision whereas I this reality they are shown
wearing less professional clothing which shows how they
are working towards their goal and places greater
emphasis at the end of the video demonstrating to the
audience how far they have come. They are dressed in
very ordinary clothing that would also be worn by the
target audience which will make the characters seen
more relatable to the audience and provoke more of a
connection with the song. The Script and Will.i.am wear
clothing traditionally seen in their videos demonstrating
to the audience how they have no relationship to the
narrative focusing on the performance element of the
music video.

•Piano at the beginning- performance video
•“You can be the King Kong banging on your chest”-Lead singer performs the
action-amplifies lyric
•“You can throw your hands up”-Lead singer and Will.i.am perform action- again
amplifies the lyrics
•“never gonna know if you never even try”-girl attempts to perform the dance
move she’s seen in her vision of what she wants to be
•Numerous beats before the lyric “standing in the hall of fame” -boy boxes against
a punching bag in time with the beats
•“you can be a champion” -shows girl preparing for the audition and the boy
preparing for his match
•Deaf girl puts her hand over the speakers muffling the audio so the audience get
the impression this is her audition song
•“Dedicate yourself” shows girl dressed up and the boy holding a medal
suggesting they both did and achieved their goals- illustrative

Due to the narrative element of the video, the lyrics pf
the song focus on how you can be whoever you want to
be and this is illustrated in the video with the girl
dreaming of being a professional ballerina and the boy
wanting to be a champion boxer and the video shows
them both achieving this. This may cause an emotional
connection between the song and the audience due to
this suggesting more potential success for the song. The
clear narrative of the song is further amplified by the
music causing the video to be more memorable due to
the literal meaning of the song displayed in the visuals.

The record label demands lots of close ups of
the artist. The artist may also develop certain
motifs which visually reoccur across their work.
The use of close ups in the music video connects the audience to the two
characters demonstrating their emotion through their attempts to work
towards their dream. The close ups in the narrative element of the video
clearly illustrate the determination of the girl and boy to work towards
their dream creating more of an emotional meaning with the audience.
These emotions clearly shown are more effective in the video as I feel this
contributes massively to the narrative making it seem more real and
emotive which will leave more of an impact on the audience. Generally
medium and long shots are used to show the artist (The Script and
Will.i.am) suggesting the close ups are used to enhance the emotion of the
narrative rather than the performance aspect. This demonstrates how the
use of a variety of shots can illustrate meaning and enhance various
emotion meaning I can use this to make certain parts of the
video/characters more emotive than others. However, there is a few close
ups of the artist and Will.i.am when they give the illusion they are holding
the camera amplifying the lyrics to the audience.

through screens within screens, mirrors, stages and so on.
The narrative of the video is generally communicated through the looking
notion establishing position and relationship between the characters.
This is shown how the girl who wants to do ballet is being put down by
the other girls and this is shown through the notion of looking to
establish the negative relationship between these characters. This
demonstrates the significance of this looking notion and how it can
benefit the narrative to make the audience understand. Although there is
a female in the video, there isn’t particularly a focus on the female body
as she appears to be a young adult so it may be for this reason. This could
also be due to the artist wanted more of a focus on the narrative than
this reason but is still unconventional of the genre. The looking notion is
also shown in the auditions where the guy looks at her ready to judge her
routine and her look of achievement at the end of the audition. This
demonstrates how this notion can demonstrate the relationship between
the characters' and how she was successful.

Again the use of the looking notion is shown in the boy’s aspect of the
narrative to establish relationship setting the tone of the narrative. This is
shown on his run through an over the shoulder shot showing a group of
three boys presented as intimidating. This is further reflected how the girl
is emotionally discouraged from being who she wants in the same way
the boy is beaten up by these boys physically discouraging him. This
demonstrates how the looking lotion can link parts of the narrative as
well as establish the emotions and relationship between the characters so
the audience understand the narrative which I feel is an important
element to include in this style of music video. The artist and Will.i.am
look at each other as well as holding the camera on various shots giving
the illusion they are looking at the audience. The way they look at each
other reflects the idea they’re responding t0o each other in the lyrics
clearly showing a divide between The Script and Will.i.am (the featured
artist) communicating the performance element of the music video
effectively.

The performance narrative element of the music video is
also shown in The Script’s music videos such as For
The First Time, Rain, The Man Who Can’t Be Moved
and various others. Similarly to Hall of Fame, the videos
cut from the narrative to the performance aspect
frequently focusing on the main singer Danny. The
narrative element is shown in Man Who Can’t Be
Moved however the main singer is also shown in the
narrative taking on the main role .The motif of the
piano is also shown in If You Could See Me Now
demonstrating that the style of song is similar so it’s
likely the target audience will like this as well.
If You Could See Me Now
Hall of Fame
Man Who Can’t Be Moved

shown.
In the music video, the girl is shown with
similar posture and makeup referencing
Swan Lake and Black Swan. Both of these
are well known in reference to ballet
suggesting the extent to which she has been
successful in achieving her dream. The
audience can tell it is still the same girl due
to the fact her hearing aid is included in the
shot which empathises her success due to
her slight disadvantage of her limited
hearing abilities.
Swan Lake
Black Swan
Hall of Fame

NF
NF (Nathan John Feuerstein) was born on the 30th
of March 1991 and is an
American rapper, artist and songwriter generally producing music in the hip-
hop genre. He has released three studio albums including Mansion in 2015,
Therapy Session in 2016 and Perception in 2017 (this album debuted at No.1 on
the Billboard 200 making it his first chart topping album). He dedicated the
song ‘How Could You Leave Us’ to his mother who died of an overdose and he
was raised by his father.
NF’s songs have been played on ESPN, VH1, Showtime, NBC’s Chicago P.D,
Grimm, Shades of Blue and in the season finale trailer for Fox’s Empire.
Therapy Session won the Dove Award for Best Rap/Hip Hop album of the year
in 2016 with the song ‘I Just Wanna Know’ being nominated for a Dove Award
for Rap/Hip Hop Recorded Song of the Year.

characteristics
LIGHTING
The predominant lighting for this music
video is dark which is symbolic of the
meaning of the song due to the fact it is
dedicated to the artist’s mother who died
of an overdose. This darkness connotes
the idea this is a dark memory of NF’s
creating more of a meaning in the song
and a connection between the artist and
the audience. This will be more likely to
make a memorable effect.
NF- HOW COULD YOU LEAVE US

characteristics
PERFORMANCE
The music video is a performance narrative demonstrating
the typical conventions of the hip hop genre such as the
rhythmic music with the rhythmic speech. The video
frequently cuts between the narrative element and back to
NF and due to the close correlation the song has with the
footage, this allows the video to be more significant to the
target audience due the emotive meaning. The opening of the
song up till around 0.39 seconds is a slower beat in
comparison to the majority of the song hut it then changed
to a fast paced, rhythmic and rhyming rap typical of the hip
hop genre. The chorus is also slightly slower which is an
unconventional technique of the hip hop genre but I feel this
approach makes the sound stand out more to the target
audience and connotes the idea the chorus has more meaning.

characteristics
EDITING/CAMERAWORK
There is a variety of camerawork used in the music video including
movement which helps keep the audience interested in the video. The
video follows the characteristics of the hip hop genre cutting on the main
beats of the song following the rhythmic scheme of the song. The editing
technique of slow motion is used near the car and with the mother and
children which is a significant contrast to the rhythm of the song which I
feel stands out in the music video. The video also cuts to black on various
shots generally with no lyrics in the background and only the music, this
adds variety within the shits and is also a useful technique to keep the
audience interested. The camera shots generally cut to similar shots such
as the artist, the young boy in the bedroom, the children, the mum and in
the car. These shots are shown and then cut back to later on in the video
progressing from the scene beforehand rather than reusing the footage.
This could be symbolic of how the mums death and how she left suddenly
symbolic of how the clips just cut suddenly. This symbolic meaning
provides more of a connection with the audience making the song more
significant and memorable.

characteristics
S T Y L I N G

characteristics
STYLING
The normality representation of how the family are
presented could suggest this is the approach the artist
wanted due to the close, personal reference to his own
life. It suggests the artist wants more of a focus on the
lyrics and narrative rather than the clothing shown.
However, the use of the artist and child wearing a cap
shows the audience the representation of the artist in
his childhood which allows the audience to understand
the connection between them and why he children are
included. This also works well with the narrative of the
music video as it relates to his own experiences so by
reliving his childhood experiences to an extent, this
may make the audience connect more with the artist
holding an emotional significance in relation to the
music video.

• “How could you leave us so unexpected”- shows the mum giving
the implication this is our main character in the narrative
•“I think of you when I get a whiff of that cigarette smell yeah”-
shows the mum smoking
•“sitting in my room”-child lying on the bed
•“Some lady in the corner watching us while she’s taking notes”-
illustrates the lyrics showing this scene
•“how could you leave us here”
•“you should have been there when I graduated”-shows the artist
amplifying the meaning due to the emotive presentation
•“our last conversation, you and I sat in the living room”-illustrates
lyrics
•“you took them pills for the last time didn’t you”-shows the mum
going a box of pills
•“crying my eyes out in the studio”-close up of artist crying, allows
an emotional connection with the audience

The tone of the narrative and the visuals clearly
demonstrate a relationship allowing the audience to
make a clear connection. This empathizes the significance
of these lyrics which is typical of the hip hop genre.
Towards the end of the video, the artist gradually
becomes more emotional with a part of the song
including him crying in between the verses showing the
importance of this song in relation to him which I feel will
make the song more significant and memorable to the
audience as it shows the truth of the lyrics making it
stand out as it refers to his own experiences. The video
uses a range of fast paces editing with slow motion shots
working with the rap and slower singing elements of the
song making the video interesting to watch and not
repetitive. This demonstrates to me a technique that can
be used to ensure the audience are interested
throughout the video.

The record label demands lots of close ups of
the artist. The artist may also develop certain
motifs which visually reoccur across their work.
The close ups of the video generally
contribute towards the narrative showing
the artist in an emotional way or the
younger version of him from his childhood.
These close ups empathize the meaning the
song has to the artist demonstrating the
emotions shown which is a technique to
cause an emotional connection with the
audience resulting in the song being more
memorable.

The looking notion is demonstrated through the emotion the
mother displays with her children contrasted with the close
up emotional shot of the artist. These looking notions in
different ways connect the audience with the song as it
emphasizes a greater meaning within the song making it
more memorable. This is typical of the hip hop genre as it
amplifies the lyrics which are a main focus of this genre as it
connects more meaning within a song reflecting the artists
own feelings/experiences. This demonstrates to me how the
looking notion in a narrative music video are a key
component as it presents the relationship to the audience
with these characters and make the music video stand out
due to emotive narrative.

A motif repeated across NF’s music videos such as
‘I Just Wanna Know’, ‘Real’ and ‘Let You Down’ is
the title screen shown in the music video which is
also shown at the beginning of ‘How Can You Leave
Us’. However, in ‘Let You Down’ this screen is
shown at the end of the video and I feel this is an
effective approach as it reinstates the title of the
video as well as introducing it. The iconology of the
artist is presented similarly in ‘I Just Wanna Know’
and in ‘Real’ demonstrating the hat shown in ‘How
Can You Leave Us’ in ‘Real’ and the grey clothing
style in ‘I Just Wanna Know’. Another motif shown
is the idea of a parental figure in ‘Let You Down’
connecting these videos to an extent. These
visually recurring motifs and iconology are likely to
make an artist successful as it’s generally shown
that if the audience enjoy one music video, the
similarity of the other videos may make them
enjoy his other work too.
I JUST WANNA
KNOW
REAL
LET YOU DOWN

shown.
In The Scripts ‘If You Could See Me Now’, it’s a tribute
to the lead singers late parents and the guitarist's
parents and the song connotes the meaning of how
they’ve lost someone. This shows the reference to How
Could You leave Us demonstrating how the artist’s own
experiences were made into a song. This provokes
more of am emotional meaning with the song due to
this reason making it likely for it to be more
memorable. It’s also shown how The Script’s video
uses a black and white filter in parts of the video and in
How Could You Leave Us the lighting is shown as grey
and dark. However, the video is unconventional in the
sense it appears to be very personal to the artist and
appeared to make it what he wanted it to be as
opposed to using conventions from a variety of other
music videos.

Music video Analysis

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