intro to psych

1. PSY 2
CHILD AND ADOLESCENT
LEARNER-CENTERED
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2.  Definition of concepts
 Developmental domains and prin
ciples
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3. Who is the CHILD?
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4. The UN Convention on the Rights of
the Child, ratified by the UK governm
ent in 1991, states that a child
“means every human being below th
e age of eighteen years”
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5. In the Philippines…….
 R.A. 7610 in 1992, otherwise known as the C
hild Protection Law expanded the definition o
f children to mean "persons below eighteen (
18) years of age or those over but are unable
to fully take care of themselves or protect the
mselves from abuse, neglect, cruelty, exploita
tion or discrimination because of a physical or
mental disability
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6. Developmental Psychology
 Stages of Development
1. Pre Natal
2. Infancy
3. Babyhood
4. Childhood
5. Adolescence
6. Adulthood
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7. STAGES OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Prenatal period: from conception to birth
Infancy and toddlerhood: birth to 2 years
Early childhood: 2-6 years old
Middle/Late childhood: 6-12 years old
Adolescence: 12-18 years old
Adulthood – 18 - death (EARLY, MIDDLE,
LATE)

8. GROWTH
 Refers generally to physical growth
 Change in size, in proportion, disappea
rance of old features and acquisition of
new ones
i.e. Change in height, weight
Disappearance of milk/temporary teet
h for permanent teeth
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9. Development
 A progressive series of changes that occu
r in an orderly predictable pattern as a res
ult of maturation and experience
 A complex process of integrating many st
ructures and functions
 A process of change in growth and capabi
lity over time, as function of both maturati
on and interaction with the environment
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10. Growth involves quantitative chang
es
 Development implies qualitative c
hanges – overall change in shape, f
orm or structure resulting in impro
ved working or functioning
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11. Domains of Development
 PHYSICAL
 COGNITIVE
 PSYCHOSOCIAL
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12. Physical Domain
 Growth of body and brain
 sensory capacities
 motor skills and
 health
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13. Cognitive Domain
 Learning
 Attention
 Memory
 Language
 Thinking
 reasoning
 Creativity
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14. Psychosocial Domain
 Emotions
 Personality
 Social/Interpersonal relationships
 Moral reasoning
 Friendship
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15. Development is a continuous proces
s (from birth to death)
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16. There is a general pattern for growth
and development.
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17. DIRECTIONS OF DEVELOPMENT
 CEPHALOCAUDAL
- from the brain and head areas down the bod
y
- from head and neck region to the legs and fe
et
 PROXIMODISTAL
- Near to far, outward direction
- From the central axis of the body toward the
extremities
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18. 18

19. 19

20. Principle:
Development proceeds at varying rat
es from child to child as well as un
evenly within different areas of eac
h child's functioning.
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21. 21

22. Modern Principles
1. Development is lifelong.
Each period is affected by what happened b
efore and will affect what is to come.
2. D is multidimensional.
It occurs along multiple interacting dimensio
ns – biological, psychological and social
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23. Modern Principles
3. Relative influences of biology and culture
shift over the life span.
D is influenced both by biology and culture b
ut the balance between these influences c
hanges.
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24. Modern Principles
4. D shows plasticity.
Many abilities such as memory, strength and
endurance can be improved significantly
with training and practice, even late in life
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25. Modern Principles
5. D is influenced by the historical and cultu
ral context.
Each person develops within multiple contex
ts – circumstances or conditions defined i
n part by maturation and in part by time a
nd place.
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