Presented by P.T. Masuku, T.E. Simalenga, J. Jiyane and A. Senzanje at the International Forum on Water and Food (IFWF), South Africa, 14-17 November 2011.
The International Forum on Water and Food (IFWF) is the premier gathering of water and food scientists working on improving water management for agricultural production in developing countries.
Assessment of performance of selected Small-scale Water Infrastructure (SWI) for multiple use in Insiza District, Zimbabwe
1. P. T. Masuku
T. E. Simalenga
J. Jiyane
A. Senzanje
3rd International Forum on Water and Food
November 15, 2011
2. Study background
Rural water supply by low cost, simple technologies
Multiple use of water infrastructure - means for improving livelihoods of
rural communities
Water supply systems dysfunctional within short period; poor performance
in newly constructed SWI
Ensuring conservation of quantity and quality requires optimal
infrastructure performance
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3. Objectives
Main objective: To evaluate performance of small-scale water
infrastructure (SWI) for multiple-use in Insiza District
Specific objectives:
1. To review the current water management practices at district and
community levels
2. To assess performance using four indicators: availability, condition,
continuity and capacity indices
3. To investigate socioeconomic factors that have most significant effect on
performance of SWI
4. To identify, quantify and compare the benefits obtained from SWI
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4. Focus
SWI: technical hardware that is available, used and managed by rural
communities in capturing and collecting water for multiple water needs
within their communal areas (Senzanje et al., 2011)
Wells, boreholes, windmills, small dams
main water supply system for rural communities
Windmill pump
small dam
deep well
borehole
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Small-scale irrig scheme
5. (1) Current practices in water supply
Collaborative engagement of Government and NGOs in rural water supply
activities: DDF, RDC, AGRITEX, NGOs
Ward level: trained pump mechanic responsible for repairing pumps and
keeps maintenance records
Community level: WPC ) responsible for minor functional maintenance,
with pump minder - each water point has caretaker responsible for
continuous monitoring
63 % of water points in with no WPCs nor pump minders; evidenced by
state of SWI
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7. (3) Factors affecting performance
Availability
Water quality
Increased number of people per SWI
Capacity
Limited potential storage
Walking distance
• Continuity
Alternative water source(s)
Households socioeconomic status
• Condition
Alternative water source
Type of SWI
NGO intervention
• Overall performance
Capacity
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Condition
8. (4) Importance of SWI to communities
(3) Importance of SWI to communities
• Water for domestic, agriculture and livestock
• Improved livelihoods and secondary benefits
• Extent and type of use for different types of SWI for different communities
depending on:
livelihood activities
availability of SWI type per ward
water point density
availability of alternative water source (s)
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ease of operation
9. Conclusions
1) Management structures in place at district level – implementation at
community level
2) Overall performance of SWI in Insiza District is poor. Major contribution
from water quality and capacity
3) Factors with significant effects on SWI performance :
lack of appropriate management structures and financial arrangements
for SWI maintenance at community level
availability of other livelihood activities
availability of alternative water source(s)
4) Importance of SWI dependent on the type and number of benefits
derived from water use
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10. How to ensure policy implementation at community level?
How to ensure sustainability after intervention?
Thank you
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