This presentation provides information on strawberry production technology. It discusses the botany of strawberries, their importance as a crop, ideal climate conditions, soil requirements, common varieties, propagation methods, planting practices, fertilizer and irrigation needs, pest and disease management, and harvesting and postharvest handling. The key steps in strawberry production include soil preparation, transplanting seedlings or runners in spring, providing irrigation and nutrients, controlling weeds and pests, and harvesting fruit from late spring through summer.

1. Presentation On
Production Technology of Strawberry
Presented By
Bipin Karki
IAAS,Paklihawa

2. INRODUCTION
• (Fragaria vesca) is cultivated world wise
• Also known as ‘The queen of fruit’
• Most important soft fruit
• Give the return in shortest time than any other fruit.
BOTANY
Strawberry (Fragaria vesca) belongs to Rosaceae family
• Day neutral ,monoecious plant
• Pollination – both self and cross

3. IMPORTANCE
• Promote the bone health (Rich in minerals-Ca,P and K)
• Best natural sources of anti-oxidant
• Lower cardio-vascular disease
• Processed product-ice-cream , soft drinks ,
CLIMATE
• Grown in temperate and sub-tropical countries
• Maxmium growth rate 22-25 C day and 7-13 C night temperature
• Sensitive to frost and injury
• Flowering and fruiting at 16-27 C gives better yield

4. SOIL
• Shallow, well drained ,loamy soil rich in humus
• Optimum PH(5-6.5)
VARIETIES/CULTIVAR
• Ofra
• Chandler
• Fair tail
• Black more
• Sweet charlie
• Seascape

5. • Runners- Most common
Method
• Use those after blooming
• But runners hard to find semi-
Arid region
• Seeds and stem cuttings
PLANTING
• Soil preparation start 1 month before
Planting
• Use much organic matter as possible
• Creates beds-hill or matted rows or raised
• For better drianage
PROPAGATION

6. • Hills-transplanting is done in march-april
• Plains-jan-feb
• Spacing depends on variety and type of cultivar
• A Spacing of30*60cm is usually followed

7. MANURE AND FERTILIZER
• For annual cropping70-80tonFYM/ha,40kg P and 80kg K/ha
• For pre-planting 20tons/ha ,20:40:40npk/ha as basal dressing
• Urea(2%),zinc sulphate (0.5%),calcium sulphate (0.5%) is benificial
for higher yield
IRRIGATION
• Strawberry being shallow rooted plant requires Frequent irrigation
should be preferred rather than heavy ones
• First 2 months-twice per week
• Third month-weekly ,forth and fifth months-every 2 weeks

8. WEEDING
Manual weeding, Herbicides Use
MULCHING
• Minimize freezing injury ,supress weed growth , reduce soil erosion
• Organic mulch(clean straw ,saw dust ),or inorganic mulch (black
plastic ,transparent coloured p0lythene)can be used

9. TRANING AND PRUNING
• Bud &shoot thinning /deshooting/debudding
removal of 1-2 buds improves the fruit yield and quality
• Deblossoming
Removal of the flower truss to prevent fruiting and increase the yield
• Control of runners
Excess runners should be removed
USE OF RGR
• Application of GA (50PPM)&20PPM NAA induces flower and fruiting

10. HARVESTING ,POSTHARVEST HANDLING
MATURITY
• Strawberries are ripe when red color covers the fruit
HARVESTING
• Harvested when half to three quarter of the skin develops colour
• Harvested daily, early morning, dry conditions
• Average yield 8-12tons/ha
POSTHARVEST HANDLING
• Harvested by hand ,whether for fresh market or processing
STORAGE
• Stored only 5-7 days at 0 C and 95%RH

11. PEST AND DISEASE
PEST
• Strawberry Root weevil
-Feed on the rootlets and make the deep tunnels in crown
CONTROL
-Apply Carbofuran (6-7kg/ha) and parathion (0.017%) around the plant
• Hairy Caterpillar
-Defoliate leaves during June- july
CONTROL
-Spraying of Endosulphon 0.05% or malathion 0.05%
OTHER PEST
• White grubs and cut worms
• Red spider mites

12. DISEASE AND ITS CONTROL
 Verticillium wilt
-Older leaves turn into brown
- shriveled and plant die
CONTROL
-Proper crop rotation and soil fumigation with formalin (5000L/ha)
 Black Root Rot
-Caused by water-logged ,
-draining soil , freezing or nematode
CONTROL
-Avoiding poor draining clayish soil
-Adding organic matters to soil would also be effective

13. OTHER DISEAESE
Viral diease
Leaf spot
Grey mould
Red scale
CONTROL
• Use virus free plant,disease resistant vareity
• Proper drinage ,crop rotation