A practical guide to prepare lifting operation plan (LOP)

1. Basic Rigging Engineering Knowledge
For Preparing A Simple Rigging Plan
Jakarta, June 2020
Prepared by Badaruddin
Lifting Technical Advisor

2. My Short CV
2
badaruddinkendari.com
Badaruddin ST. MT
Lifting Technical Advisor
Email: badaruddin.badar79.1@gmail.com
Formal Educational:
 Bachelor Degree: Civil Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada (1997-2001)
 Master Degree: Geotechnical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia (2013-2015).
Non-Formal Education:
 Heavy Transportation & Lifting Course by Richard L. Krabendam, Kuala Lumpur
2014.
 Offshore Container Inspection Certification Training, Lifting Equipment Engineers
Association (LEEA), Batam 2013.
 Lifting Equipment General Course, Lifting Equipment Engineers Association (LEEA),
Jakarta 2013.
Working Experiences:
 More than 14 years involve in planning, preparation and execution heavy lifting and
over dimension cargo transportation.
 More than 15 years working as civil and structural engineering for many kinds oil-gas
and infrastructure project.

3. Introduction
3
 Construction Project especially modular construction system are illustrate with Crane
 Crane’s are a Visible Indicator for rigging/lifting Operation
 Lifting/Rigging Operation Present to Most of Global Project Sector, mainly for modular construction
system.
 Lifting Operation are one of the major causes of fatalities and serious incidents in project activities.
 Lifting/Rigging Operation must be planned & Rigging engineering knowledge are required

4. Introduction
4

5. References Book & Standard
5
Books;
1. Rigging Engineering Basics, J. Keith Anderson
2. Mobile Crane Support Handbook
Code & Standards;
1. ASME P30.1 Planning for load handling activities
2. OGP Report No.376 “Lifting & Hoisting Safety
Recommended Practices”.
3. DNV OS-H205 “Lifting Operation”
4. Etc

6. Type of Crane for Lifting Operation - Onshore
6

7. Type of Crane for Lifting Operation - Offshore

8. The Largest Crane in The World
8
Onshore Crane Offshore Crane

9. Lifting Operation Serious Incident – National News

10. Lifting Operation Serious Incident – International News

11. What Is A Rigging Plan
11
1. Define Method of Statement.
2. Estimate Lifted Load & Center of
Gravity
3. Define Rigging Arrangement.
4. Select a right crane
5. Verify The ground bearing Pressure

12. Lifting Method of Statement
12
1. Lifting method of statement are to define step by step lifting activity to move or install any
load for the original location to the final location.
2. By having method of statement; crane configuration, critical radius, boom length required,
lifting height etc. can be defined.
Step
1
Step
2
Step
3
Step
4
Step
5
Step
6
Step
8
Step
11
Step1
0
Step
9
Step
7
Step1
2

13. Estimate The Lifted Load
13
- Net Load = W1
- Rigging Weight = W2
- Hoist Block Weight = W3
Static Weight (W) = W1+W2+W3
Dynamic Weight (W) = DAF x W
1. The hoist block weight can be defined from crane data book.
2. Rigging weight can be self calculated refer to the rigging
arrangement.
3. Net Load is the static weight of the load, it can be defined
from manufacturer specification.

14. Estimate The Lifted Load - DAF
14
Static Weight (W) = W1+W2+W3
Dynamic Weight (WD) = DAF x W
Dynamic Weight (WD) < Crane SWL

15. Center of Gravity of Lifted Load
15
1. The CoG is always suspended straight under the crane hook
2. The load is unstable when the CoG is outside the lifting
triangle

16. Center of Gravity of Lifted Load
16
 Xcog= (W1*X1 + W2*X2)/(W1+W2)
 Ycog= (W1*Y1 + W2*Y2)/(W1+W2)
 SL1= 3.4/8 * (W1+W2)
 SL2= 4.6/8 * (W1+W2)

17. How To Select A Right Crane
17
The lifted capacity of cranes are defined by the following items;.
 Load hoist rope strength
 Available line pull at the winch
 Structural strength (boom, frame etc)
 Stability against overturning

18. How To Select A Right Crane
18
The crane leverage << The load leverage Boom strength capacity << Ultimate Load

19. How To Select A Right Crane
19
There are two key document’s supplied by manufacturer that can be used as a tools in determining
the correct rated capacity (SWL) of the crane;
1. LOAD RATING CHART 2. RANGE DIAGRAM

20. How To Select A Right Crane
20
Flow Chart to illustrate the process to define the crane Safe Working Load (SWL)
Set Up Crane
Configuration
Working
Radius
Boom Length
& Angle
1. SWL
2. Hook Height
1. Check to The Lifted Load
2. Check The Final Elevation
1. Working Radius
R = 30 m
2. Boom Length
L = 57.9 m
3. Boom Angle
A = 60 Degree
4. Safe Working Load
SWL = 16 Ton
5. Hook Height
H = 50 m

21. How To Select A Right Crane
21
After Verify the Crane SWL toward Lifted Weight  Check the hook height to final elevation or any
obstacle on the traveling path.
Hs = 9 m
Ht = 14.2 m
Check The Final Elevation
Hook Height Hh=50 m
H required = H building + Ht
= 25 m + 14.2 m
= 39.2 m
Hspace = Hh – Hrequired
= 50 m – 39.2 m
= 10.8 m  Ok

22. Rigging Arrangement
22
1. One load can be lifted with many alternate
rigging arrangement, it depend on the
engineering design of the load.
2. Each alternate rigging arrangement will have
certain sling load and sling height.
3. The Biggest sling load will be Alternate #1
4. The Highest sling load will be Alternate #3
#1 #3
#2
Sling
Height
Sling
Height

23. Rigging Arrangement
23
Types of Lifting Gears for General Purpose;.
 Wire Rope Sling
 Shackle
 Webbing Sling
 Chain Sling
 Spreader Bar

24. Rigging Arrangement
24
How to calculate sling load?
Sin – Cos Formula Simple Chart

25. Rigging Arrangement
25
Example to calculate Sling Load?

26. Rigging Arrangement
26
Safe Working Load for Lifting Gear

27. 27
Ground Bearing Pressure (GBP)
1. Most of Crane Safe Working Load (SWL) are
governed by stability.
2. Bulter (1978) studied 176 cases of accidents
associated with mobile crane, 71% of accidents
causes are overturning.
3. The overturning may occurred by load weight
exceed the crane SWL and or ground bearing failure.
4. The crane SWL is based on the assumption that the
crane is standing on a firm soil up to 1% (for Demag
crane product 0.5%) gradient.
5. Operate crane on the surface soil with gradient >>
1%, will reduce the SWL significantly.

28. 28
Ground Bearing Pressure (GBP)
Crane Ground Bearing Failure

29. 29
Crane Ground Bearing Pressure – Crane with Crawler
Ground Bearing Pressure (GBP)

30. 30
Crane Ground Bearing Pressure – Crane with Outrigger
Ground Bearing Pressure (GBP)

31. 31
Allowable Ground Bearing Capacity Calculation
Ground Bearing Pressure (GBP)

32. 32
Ground Bearing Pressure (GBP)
Crane Mat To Re-Distribute GBP
1. Mat Length (Leff) – Based on soil
bearing capacity.
2. Mat Length (Leff) – Based on Mat
material strength.

33. 33
Sample Case Study
Install Gas Cooler At The Elevated Structure

34. 34
Intall gas cooler to elevated platform as part of the project activity. The elevation of
elevated platform +08.00 m from ground elevation.
The net weight of the cooler (W1) 25.5 ton, this data is obtainer from maufacture.
The dimension and the position of lifting poins is shown in the figure below.
You as the PIC is requested by the project manager to develop lifting operation
plan (LOP) for this job
Scope Of Work

35. 35
Step 1: Setup Crane Configuration
By set the position of each crane, we can define the radius of each crane to lifting this load.
The radius of crane = 14 m
H=8 M

36. 36
Step 2: Define Lifted Weight & CoG
1. Net Cargo Weight; W1 = 25.5 Ton
2. Rigging Equipment Weight; W2 = 1.5 Ton (Assumption)
3. Hoist Block Weight; W3 = 2.8 Ton
4. Total Static Weigh; Wt = 29.8 Ton
Load Factor;
1. Load safety margin (F1) = 1.05 >> the weight load was obtained from manufacture
2. Dynamic aplification factor (DAF) = 1.10 >> onshore with load range 3 – 100 ton
Lifted Weight; Wd = Wt x F1 x DAF
Wd = 29.8 x 1.05 x 1.1 = 34.5 Ton
The Center of Gravity of the gas cooler was on the center as per
manufacturer data book.

37. 37
Step 3: Select A Right Crane
By using general crane-range chart that was issued by Richard Krabendam, for preliminary we can
define that crane shall be in range 150 to 200 tons capacity.
Crane Working Radius
Lifted
Weight
in
Ton

38. 38
Step 3: Select A Right Crane
Crane was proposed to use Kobelco 1800 (180 ton capacity).
1. Check Crane Capacity Utilization;
Crane hook load = 29.7 t
For radius 14 m, boom length = 61 m >> SWL = 42.3 t
% utilization = 34.5/42.3 x 100% = 81.5% ....Ok, Safe

39. 39
Step 3: Select A Right Crane
Crane was proposed to use Kobelco 1800 (180 ton capacity).
2. Check Hook Height Toward Final Elevation;
Crane hook Height Hc= 55 M
Limit of Hook Lifting L= 5.2 M
Rigging Height Hr= 17.8 m
Building Elevation Hb= 8 M
H Required Ht= L+Hr+Hb = 31 M
Working Space = Hc – Ht = 55 – 31 = 24 M  Ok Safe

40. 40
Step 4: Lifting Gear Selection
Sling Design Load Calculation;
 Sling above the spreader bar
Sling angle from vertical axis = 30 degree
SDL = W1 x F1 X DAF = 25.3 x 1.05 x 1.05 = 28 ton
WLL-a required = SDL = 28 / (2x0.866) = 16.2 ton
 Sling below the spreader bar
Sling angle from vertical axis = 30 degree
SDL = W1 x F1 X DAF = 25.5 x 1.05 x 1.05 = 28 ton
WLL-b required = SDL = 28 / (4x0.866) = 8.1 ton

41. 41
Step 4: Lifting Gear Selection
 Below Spreader Bar
MBL required for the wire rope sling = WLL x SF / 0.9
MBL required = 8.01x 5/0.9 =44.5 ton
Based on the product catalog, we can use dia. 26 mm, the MBL = 48.1 ton
 Above Spreader Bar
MBL required for the wire rope sling = WLL x SF / 0.9
MBL required = 16.02x 5/0.9 =89 ton
Based on the product catalog, we can use dia. 36 mm, the MBL = 92.2 ton
Control the SF;
Below Spreader Bar
WLL = MBL / 5 x 0.9 = 8.6 t
SF = WLL / SDL = 73.6/69.5
SF = 1.07 > 1, Ok Safe
Above Spreader Bar
WLL = MBL / 5 x 0.9 = 16.6 t
SF = WLL / SDL = 16.6/16.02
SF = 1.03 > 1, Ok Safe

42. 42
Step 4: Lifting Gear Selection
 Below Spreader Bar
WLL required = 8.01 ton
Based on the product catalog, we can use dia. 1 inc, the WLL = 8.5 ton
 Above Spreader Bar
WLL required = 16.02
Based on the product catalog, we can use dia. 1-1/2 inc, the WLL = 17 ton

43. 43
Step 5: Ground Bearing Pressure Verification

44. 44
Step 5: Ground Bearing Pressure Verification

45. 45
Terimakasih - Jazakallahu Khair