The Boxer Uprising was a violent anti-foreign, anti-Christian movement that took place in China between 1899-1901. It was a response to foreign occupation and Christian missionary activity in China following the Opium Wars. The uprising was supported by the Empress Dowager Cixi as a way to direct discontent against foreign powers instead of the Manchu government. However, the uprising failed when foreign powers sent military forces to China, defeated the Boxers, and made China sign a humiliating treaty imposing heavy reparations. The uprising further weakened China's power internationally and paved the way for the nationalist revolution of 1911.

1. BOXER UPRISING
BY
DR.BABY RANI M (DEPT OF HISTORY)
V.V.VANNIAPERUMAL COLLEGE FOR WOMEN
VIRUDHUNAGAR

2. BOXER UPRISING
• China had been humiliated
by the western powers both
economically and politically
• Strong sections of the
society in China believed in
reaching reforms were
introduced
• Resulted in hundred days of
reforms
• After the failure of hundreds days of reform period, China
faced Boxer Movement otherwise called as Boxer Uprising

3. CAUSES
• Propagation of General Research Secret Societies
(Eight Diagram Society Chain)
• They propagated nationalism and patriotism
• Resentment of local people against local converts.
They considered themselves as superior
• Growing hatred against the foreigners. The first
opium war humiliated China
• Natural calamities added to the sufferings

4. ACTIVITIES OF THE CHRISTIAN
MISSIONARIES
• They used to violate well established customs
of the land
• Propagated against the government of the land
• Their respective government demanding
compensation and concessions for the life of a
missionary
• This was intolerable for the Chinese

5. HOW FAR MANCHUS RESPONSIBLE
• They had failed to maintain diplomatic relations
• Failed to strength the Military
• Economic miseries of the people
• Removal from the throne was the pleasure of
God

6. INDIRECT SUPPORT OF THE
EMPRESS DOWAGER
• She knows the humiliation of the
western powers
• Knew the extent of discontentment
among the masses
• Discontentment will be directed against
the throne
• The best way out was that it should be
directed towards the movement for
driving the foreigners out
• Therefore she did not discourage the
movement
Empress
Dowager

7. SPREAD OF THE RISING
• Started in Shantung in 1899
• Boxers socially boycotted all local converts
• Teased the foreigners and so that they could
not come out of their areas on the roads in
Peking and Tientsin
• Dismantle the railway lines
• Began to kill the foreigners and demolish
legislations

8. REACTION OF THE
FOREIGNERS
• The foreigners got
alarmed
• They demanded that all
he secret societies
should be declared
illegal
• Empress, indirectly
supporting these rebels
did not take any action
American troops scale the wall of
Beijing
• Foreigners requested their respective governments
to send troops
• War broke out

9. REACTION OF THE
FOREIGNERS
• The Empress fled away
• The western powers decided to bring back the
Empress who decided to introduce reforms
Battle of BeijingBattle of
Tientstin

10. BOXER PROTOCOL
• Signed in 1901
• China agreed to give far
reaching concessions to
western powers
• Heavy War indemnity
• Also got a right to keep
permanent army in Peking
• It was decided that China
will open a regular foreign
office
Signing of the Boxer
Protocol 1901
• Russia signed a separate treaty with China

11. WHY DID THE RISING FAIL
• Agitation was confined to north China alone
• Chinese armies did not act in a coordinated
manner
• Boxers found opposition in the royal courts
• The Empress gave only lukewarm support
• Boxers had no leadership

12. CONSEQUENCES
• China signed signed a humiliating protocol
• It increased resentment against dynasty
• It paved way for the Revolution of 1911
• China became a defeated nation
• Led to the thinking of reforms
• Forced to pay heavy war indemnity

13. NATURE
• Only a rising and not a rebellion
• Anti-foreign in nature
• Half-hearted support of the Manchu
government
• Half-hearted support to the foreign Manchus