This is a short introduction to the computer system for Intermediate degree student.

1. Repair & Maintenance
D.Com II/II
UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER
LECTURE BY : ER. ASHISH K.C (KHATRI)
M.SC.ISE, B.E ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

2. Introduction to Data and Information:
If you don’t wear warm clothes you may suffer
from fever.
Put on the clothes.
It is cold outside.
5oC
© ER. ASHISH K.C (KHATRI) 2

3. Data are streams of raw facts representing events before they have been arrange into a
form that people can understand and use it comprised of facts and records.
Information is that properties of data which represents and measures effect of
processing the data while processing of data gives information.
By information we mean that data have been shaped into a form that is meaningful and
useful to users.
Knowledge is the explicit function associated between items of information and/or
data.
Knowledge is what someone has after understanding information.
Knowledge of knowledge is called wisdom.
© ER. ASHISH K.C (KHATRI) 3

4. Program:
A program is a collection of sequential instruction to solve the problem.
The program is design according to user requirements, size, and capacity and so
on.
It is a set of data that consists of a series of coded software instructions to control
the operation of a computer or other machine.
© ER. ASHISH K.C (KHATRI) 4

5. Software:
The collection of instruction for a certain task gives a program and the group of
program in a set to do a specified task is known as software.
Simply, a set of programs and documents are collectively called software.
The operations of computer are controlled through software.
Examples: Windows OS, Notepad, browsers, etc.
© ER. ASHISH K.C (KHATRI) 5

6. Types of software:
1. System Software:
-Large software designed to perform task such as controlling computer system, to
help interface with user and computer and to build a platform for other software to
work on. Without system software, computer cannot operate. Example: Operating
system software, language processor, etc.
2. Application Software :
- It does specific job for the user such as solving equation, producing result, banking
software etc. It is used for specific operation and task. Example : Photoshop,
calculator, etc
© ER. ASHISH K.C (KHATRI) 6

7. Hardware:
The physical parts of a computer which can be touched and feel is called
hardware.
Physically all operation are performed by hardware and instructions of
operation are given by the programs and software.
It needs regular power supply to run through electricity or battery.
Every information is represented by electric pulse in computer hardware.
Examples : Monitor, Keyboard, Mouse, CPU, etc.
© ER. ASHISH K.C (KHATRI) 7

8. End of Unit
© ER. ASHISH K.C (KHATRI) 8