Additional direct input devices include the mouse, input pen, touch screen, and microphone. Regardless of the type of device used, all are components for interpretation and communication between people and computer systems. CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT The heart of any computer system is the central processing unit (CPU).

1. Components
Of
Computer
And Organization PC

2. What is a Computer?
An electronic device that stores,
retrieves,
and processes data, and can be
programmed with instructions. A
computer is composed of hardware and
software, and can exist in a variety of
sizes and configurations

3. Components of a Computer:
1. Hardware
2. Software
3. Human ware
4. Operational Procedures

4. Hardware
All physical contents of
computer are hardware.
This form is given to all
electrical and mechanical
devices attached to the
computer for the purpose
of input, process, and
storage and output
operations.
Primary Hardware: is the
CPU and its other units i.e.
circuits and IC's.
Secondary Hardware: is the
memory or storage area of
computer.

5. Hardware Components
INPUT DEVICES
• The Mouse
Used to ‘drive’ Microsoft
Windows
• The Keyboard
The keyboard is still the commonest
way of entering information into a
computer
• Tracker Balls
an alternative to the traditional
mouse
and often used by graphic designers
Images of HC:

6. 2. Software
Software is a general term
used for computer
Programs. A computer
program is a planned,
step by step set of
instructions that directs
the computer what to do
and how to do. It turns
the data into information
- that makes a computer
useful.

7. GENERALLY SPEAKING, SOFTWARE CAN BE CATEGORIZED AS:
(1) SYSTEM SOFTWARE
(2) APPLICATION SOFTWARE
Types Of Software

8. System Software
The programs directly related to the computer hardware
and perform tasks associated with controlling and
utilizing computer hardware are known as system
software. System software does not solve a specific
problem for the user rather it helps to solve a problem.
System software falls into following categories.

9. i) Operating System
Operating systems are the most important system software.
Operating system is a set of programs that control and
supervises the hardware of a computer and provides services
to application software, programmers and users of computer.
Without operating system a computer cannot do anything
useful. A user cannot communicate directly with the computer
hardware, so the operating system acts as an intermediary
between user of a computer and the computer hardware. The
primary goal of an operating system is to make the computer
convenient to use. The secondary goal is to use the computer
efficiently.
, etc.

10. Application
An application is a job or task a user wants to accomplish
through a computer. Application software are programs that
help a user perform a specific job.
For example application software enables a user to write a
letter and/ or create a drawing. It helps the user work faster,
more efficiently and thus provide more productivity than
manual performance.
Types of Application software
Application software can be grouped into two broad categories.
(i) General purpose Application software
(ii) Special purpose Application Software

11. 3.Humanware
Human ware is hardware and software that emphasizes user capability and
empowerment and the design of the user interface. The process of building
human ware generally consists of these steps:
I. Define users (age, mindset, environmental
context, previous product experience and
expectations, and so forth) and what they
really want to do
II. Identify tasks they will need to do or
capabilities they will want
III. Specify usability objectives (if possible, these
should be measurable, such as how long to do
something or how many mouse clicks to get to
a specified task point) for each task or
capability
IV. Build a prototype of the user interface (it can
be a paper or simulated prototype if time is
short)
V. Test and verify or correct the prototype
VI. Provide the prototype and usability objectives
to the program designers and coders

12. 4. Operational Procedures
Operations of a data processing center require an
extensive and clearly defined set of procedures for
performing the essential functions. These functions
generally include obtaining, repairing and entering
data into the computer, processing jobs, initiating
new programs and changing or deleting old ones
etc.