vesicular disease

1.  Swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) of
Entero virus genus,
 Family Picornaviridae.

2.  reduced feed intake,
 lameness and tenderness of the feet,
 fever up to 106°F,
 formation of vesicles on the feet, snout,
tongue, mouth, nostrils, and teats.

3.  Samples to be collected:
 Vesicular fluid, affected skin and mucous
membranes, blood with anticoagulant, and
serum.
 ELISA
 Because SVD resembles clinically FMD

4.  Vaccines are not available to prevent SVD.
SVD is a reportable disease
 quarantine and slaughter are implemented.

5.  African pig disease, Wart hog disease

6.  African swine fever (ASF) highly contagious,
mostly acute, febrile disease of domestic
swine with cyanosis of the skin, hemorrhages
of the lymph nodes, kidney, and
gastrointestinal mucosa.

7.  African swine fever virus (ASFV) belonging to
Iridovirus group.
 The ASFV is immunologically different from
swine fever virus.
 The pigs immunized against swine fever are
susceptible to ASF.

8.  Domestic pigs, Wart hogs, forest hogs and
bush pigs

9.  Domestic pigs get the infection when they
have close contact with the wild pigs.
 Virus is transmitted via aerosol.
 The virus is abundantly present in all the
secretions and excretions of the affected
pigs.
 The virus is also transmitted through ticks
and lice.
 Mortality is usually 100% in infected pigs.
Recovered pigs are the carriers of disease

10.  Incubation period is 5 to 15 days
 Common signs - Fever, depression, ocular
discharge, cough, diarrhea and dehydration
 Lesions resemble hog cholera but are more
severe.
 Hemorrhages are present frequently on the
epicardium and endocardium, and in lymph
nodes, less frequently on the kidneys and
bladder.
 The spleen is enlarged, but there are much
less infarcts than in Hog cholera.

11.  Samples to be collected - blood, spleen,
lungs and lymph nodes
 By characteristic clinical signs
 Isolation of virus
 Serological tests - AGID, ELISA, Radio immuno
assay

12.  Must be differentiated from
 Hog cholera
 Erysipelas
 Salmonellosis

13.  Prohibit the movements of infected animals
 Contact of vectors, animal attendants,
Veterinarians with the diseased pigs should
be restricted
 Following strict quarantine measures
 Burial of the dead animals
 Killed virus vaccines, egg adapted vaccine,
Lapinized vaccine and tissue culture vaccine
used for prevention

14. Foot and Mouth Disease
Vesicular Exanthema
Swine Vesicular Disease
Vesicular Stomatitis

15. Swine Vesicular
Disease
Foot and Mouth
Disease
Vesicular Exanthema
of Swine

16.  Sore mouth, Pseudo foot and mouth disease,
Mouth thrush, sore nose

17.  It is an infectious viral disease of cattle,
horse, pig characterized by vesicular lesion
containing serous fluids in the mouth, foot,
interdigital space, udder and teats.

18.  Genus Vesiculovirus, RNA virus
 Family: Rhabdo viridae
 three serotypes of the virus
1. Indiana strain,
2. NewJersey strain
3. Trinidad strain or Eocal strain.

19.  Horses,
 Donkeys
 Cattle and pigs.
 Other susceptible species include camels,
several wildlife species and humans.
 Biologically transmitted by black flies
mechanically by Culicoides, houseflies.
 virus may be transmitted by fomites, such as
contaminated feed, milking machine and
restraint devices

20.  The incubation period is up to five days.
 Subclinical infection is common
 Vesicles develop on the tongue and on oral
mucous membranes, often accompanied by
profuse salivation
 Secondary lesions may occur on the coronary
band and teats. Lameness is often a
prominent feature of the disease in pigs

21.  Mastitis may develop in cows with severe
teat lesions.
 In the absence of secondary infection, lesions
generally heal within two weeks.
 Following infection, animals develop high
levels of neutralizing antibodies but the
duration of protection is variable.

22.  Horses
 There is fever, depression and drooling of
saliva.
 Affected horse may rupture their lips on
troughs.
 Vesicles coalesce, rupture and formation of
shallow ulcers.
 Lesions are also seen in coronary band and
teats.

25.  Specimens for isolation of virus -epithelium
from lesions and vesicular fluid
 If horses present with vesicular lesions,
infection with vesicular stomatitis virus
should be considered
 Antigen detection- CFT or ELISA
 FAT, ELlSA, CFT or

26.  Specific treatment is not available. Measures
aimed at minimizing secondary infections
may be beneficial.

27.  Movement restrictions and a 30-day
quarantine period following the last clinical
cases are recommended for infected
premises.
 Insect-proof buildings and avoidance of
habitats associated with insect vectors
reduce the likelihood of infection.
 Although both inactivated and attenuated
vaccines have been used, they are not
commercially available.