Electromagnetic Simulations for Antenna Design and its Placement, RF Interference Analysis and Lightning Strike for Aerospace Applications

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
Electromagnetic Simulations for Antenna Design
and its Placement, RF Interference Analysis and
Lightning Strike for Aerospace Applications
Pankaj Jha
Senior EMAG Solutions Consultant, Virtual Integrated Analytics Solution (VIAS) LLC
June 17,2020

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
Agenda
• Electromagnetics Phenomena and its importance to
society
• Antenna Placement Analysis
• RF Interference Analysis
• Lightning Strike Analysis

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
Electromagnetics Phenomena
• Natural
(Static) electric field (Static) magnetic field

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
Electromagnetics Phenomena

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
Electromagnetics and its value to society

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
Aerospace and Defense

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
Antenna Placement Analysis

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
“Will small aircraft be
detected?”
• Proliferation in number of aircraft and denser airspace
• Evolving aircraft technology, drones, air taxis etc.
• Trend towards highly autonomous flight
• Demands for faster communication speed / bandwidth
• Increase in number of antennas / sensors on aircraft
• Increasing use of lightweight composite materials
• How to ensure reliability of communication and safety?
“Where are the best
places to locate the
antennas?”
“Will the communications
systems interfere with each
other?”
“Will the aircraft structure
affect antenna
performance?”
“Is space available to route
cables to the antennas?”
Modern Aircraft

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
Communication System Performance Analysis
1 CAD Assembly
2
Antenna Design
3
Antenna Placement
4
Installed
Performance
5
Co-Site Interference

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
Antenna Design with Antenna Magus

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
Antenna Array Design
• Antenna Array Design with CST Studio suite Antenna
Array Task
Infinite Array Model Finite Array Model

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
Antenna Array Design: Unit Cell Analysis Results
Scan angle simulation using unit cell model Active element impedance at 14 GHz

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
Antenna Array Design : Full Array
Scan at theta 45 degreesMulti-layer thin panel used to represent radome
(Epoxy / Honeycomb / Epoxy sandwich)
TLM

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Installed Antenna Performance Analysis
Communications Antennas
VHF1
VHF2
VHF3

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Installed Antenna Performance Analysis
KPI
Minimize
Reflection

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
Installed Antenna Performance Analysis | VHF
127.5 MHz

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
Installed Antenna Performance Analysis
VHF Installed Radiation Pattern
Installed on ideal ground plane Installed on aircraft

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
Communication Systems Performance Analysis | KEY
CAPABILTIIES
1.09 GHz
Hybrid Simulation of DME Antenna

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
Communication Systems Performance Analysis | KEY
CAPABILTIIES
High performance 3D
field visualization Antenna Synthesis
Complete EM solver
technology, hybrid simulation,
single GUI

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
Installed Antenna Performance
• Solver choice depends on antenna type, materials and
electrical size
• Hybrid solution used to efficiently handle large electrical size
• Uni-directional hybrid approach sufficient for many cases
Electrical Size
DME SATCOMVHF GPS RADAR

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
RF-Interference Analysis

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
Antenna Co-Site Interference
UHF Lwr
IFF Up
DME Up
IFF Lwr
DF-V/UHF
TACAN Lwr
DME Lwr
TACAN Up
GPS L1&L2
VHF Up

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Interference Task Workflow
Coupling Matrix Parametric RF Systems Violation Matrix

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
RF Interference in UAV
TX:VHF-H
118-174MHz
RX: GPS-L1
1575.42 MHz
Interference of 77.26 dB caused
by 10th harmonic of TX.
VHF-H TX-159: 10th harmonic

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Lightning Strike Analysis

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
ELECTROMAGNETIC Systems Performance Analysis |
LIGHTNING STRIKE
1
CAD Model
2
E-Static Zoning
Analysis
3Lightning Model /
Cables
4
Return Stroke
Analysis
5
Transient Levels

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The Conference on Advancing Analysis & Simulation in Engineering | CAASE20nafems.org/caase20 June 16th – 18th | Virtual Conference
Lightning STRIKE | KEY CAPABILTIIES
High performance
3D field visualization
Complete EM solver
technology, statics, LF, HF,
single GUI
Tight integration between
CAD and Computational
Electromagnetics

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LIGHTNING STRIKE | Example
Induced Current Distributions for Various Lightning Strike Scenarios
Simulation features:
✓ Direct transient simulation
✓ Bi-directional coupling
between EM fields, cables,
circuits
✓ Multi-layer thin panel
✓ Current diffusion
✓ Coupling to cable bundles

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Electromagnetic Simulation in 3DEXPERIENCE

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Industry Process Experience: Technical Capabilities
MW & RF EMI/EMC EDA/ELECTRONICS
Low Frequency Charge Particles OEPRA

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