practice

1. Content Statement 5:
Latitude and longitude can be used to make
observations about location and generalizations about
climate.

2. Relationship Between Latitude,
Longitude, and Climate
 Key Terms:
 Latitude
 Longitude
 Equator
 Prime Meridian
 Absolute Location
 Relative Location
 Climate

3. Imaginary Lines Divide the Earth
 Locations on the Earth’s surface are identified using
lines of latitude (horizontal) and longitude
(vertical).
 These lines help us locate places.
 These lines run around the Earth from left to right and
from top to bottom.

4. Lines of Latitude and Longitude

5. Imaginary Lines Divide the Earth
 Equator – imaginary line that runs left to right around
the center of the Earth from halfway between the
North Pole and South Pole.
 Equator divides the Earth into a northern half and a
southern half.
 These 2 halves are called hemispheres (remember
from your spelling packet?)
 The half to the north is the Northern Hemisphere.
 The half to the south is the Southern Hemisphere.

6. Equator

7. Imaginary Lines Divide the Earth
 Prime Meridian – the imaginary line that runs
around the Earth from the top to bottom.
 Prime Meridian divides the Earth into eastern and
western hemisphere.
 The half to the east of the prime meridian is called the
Eastern Hemisphere.
 The half to the west of the prime meridian is called the
Western Hemisphere.

8. Prime Meridian

9. Fascinating Fact
 Every place in the world is located in two hemispheres
– northern or southern and eastern or western! Some
continents are located in more than two hemispheres.
 What hemisphere is the United States located in?
 (Remember every place is located in 2)

10. Map-Skill Builder
 Turn in your packet to page 49 and analyze the maps of
the hemispheres and answer questions 1-7.

11. Map Skills Answers to pg. 49
 1. Equator
 2. Prime Meridian
 3. North America & Asia
 4. Australia & Antarctica
 5. Asia & Australia
 6. North America & South America
 7. Africa

12. Latitude and Longitude
 Latitude describes a point’s position on Earth’s surface
in relation to the Equator. Imaginary circles called
parallels of latitude run around the Earth parallel to
the Equator.
 Longitude describes a point’s position on Earth’s
surface in relation to the Prime Meridian. Meridians
of longitude are imaginary half circles that run
between the North and South Poles.

13. Latitude and Longitude
 Positions found using latitude and longitude are
measured by degrees (°). The Equator is at 0 °
latitude. The Prime Meridian is at 0 ° degrees
longitude.

14. Latitude Lines at the Poles
 The Arctic Circle is am imaginary circle around the North
Pole.
 Line of latitude at about 66° north of the Equator.
 North of this latitude are periods of continuous night in
the winter and continuous day in the summer.
 The Antarctic Circle is am imaginary circle around the
South Pole.
 Line of latitude at about 66° south of Equator.
 South of this latitude are period of continuous night in the
winter and continuous day in the summer

15. Map Skill-Builder
 Turn to page 50 and label the globe.
 You will need a red, blue, green, yellow, and brown
crayon or colored pencil.

16. Absolute and Relative Location
 Every place on Earth has a location!
 Absolute location expresses a point on the Earth’s
surface by means of a grid (using latitude and
longitude lines). It is the EXACT location.
 Cleveland, Ohio is located at 41 ° N (latitude) and 81 °
W (longitude)
 Relative Location expresses a point on the Earth’s
surface by describing it in relation to other places. For
example, Cleveland, Ohio is located east of Toledo,
Ohio. Canada is located north of the U.S. These are
both relative locations.

17. Absolute and Relative Location
 Turn to page 51 in your packet and answer True/False
questions 1-6.
 CORRECT ANY FALSE STATEMENT TO MAKE IT
TRUE!

18. Answers to pg. 51
 1. F – All places on Earth have a location.
 2. F – Relative location tells us where a location is in
relation to another location.
 3. T
 4. T
 5. F – Latitude and Longitude are necessary to help
you find an absolute location.
 6. T

19. Location Absolutely Affects Climate
 Latitude and Longitude can be used to make
generalizations about climate.
 Regions near the Equator are the warmest because they
receive more of the sun’s rays year-round.
 These areas are located in low latitude.
 Regions farther away from the Equator experience milder
climates.
 These areas are in the middle latitudes.
 The North and South Pole are so cold because they receive
little direct sunlight. They are said to be in the high
latitudes.

20. Cause and Effect
 Turn in your packet to page. 52 and complete the
graphic organizer.
 For latitude, write low, middle, high.
 For climate, write warm, mild, or cold.