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MAIN BOUNDARIES IN CEREBRUM
▸ Central sulcus
▸ Separates the frontal and parietal lobes
▸ Longitudinal fissure
▸ Separates the cerebrum into right and left hemispheres
▸ Lateral cerebral hemisphere
▸ Separates the frontal and temporal lobes
▸ Parieto-occipital sulcus
▸ Separates parietal and occipital lobes
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SUMMARY OF TRACTS
▸ Projection tracts
▸ From brain to spinal cord and vice vera
▸ Forms internal capsule
▸ Commissural tracts
▸ Cross to opposite hemisphere
▸ Corpus callosum
▸ Anterior and posterior commissures
▸ Association tracts
▸ Connect lobes and gyri within a hemisphere
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CEREBRAL LOBE FUNCTIONS
▸ Frontal
▸ Voluntary motor functions
▸ Planning, mood, smell and social judgement
▸ Parietal
▸ Receives and integrates sensory information
▸ Occipital
▸ Visual center of the brain
▸ Temporal
▸ Areas for hearing, smell, learning, memory, emotional behaviour
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SPEECH CENTRES
▸ Language interpretation in the brain includes reading, writing, speaking and
understanding words
▸ Wernicke’s area
▸ permits recognition of spoken and written language and creates a plan for
speech
▸ Broca’s area
▸ generates motor signals for larynx, tongue, cheeks and lips and transmits
these to the primary motor cortex for action
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CEREBELLUM
▸ the cerebrocerebellum = lateral hemispheres
▸ planning movements and motor learning
▸ the spinocerebellum = vermis and intermediate
▸ regulating body movements by allowing for error correction
▸ the vestibulocerebellum = flocculonodular lobe
▸ controlling balance and ocular reflexes, mainly fixation on a target
