Overview on the current situation and future master plan For Solid waste management in Syria

1. Overview on
the current situation
and future master plan
For Solid waste management
in Syria
ENGINEER
AMIR ALBOUKHARI

2. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Signing
contract with
Trivalor co

3. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
GENERALITIES
 Main constraints for waste management in Syria :
- Outside burning, with generation of pollution,
- No landfill with total containment,
- No real operation in most of dumpsites,
- No treatment plant for hazardous waste,
- Important shortage of vehicles, containers and workers,
- No awareness about waste impact on environment.

4. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Current situation
In Syria

5. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Sorting waste
Damascus
Current situation
In Syria
Collecting batteries

6. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Current situation
In Syria
Ever clean co

7. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Damascus
Transfer station
Aleppo
Current situation
In Syria

8. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Damascus composting plant
Current situation
In Syria

9. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Salamya composting plant
Current situation
In Syria

10. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Damascus
Homs
Current situation
In Syria
landfills

11. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
‫ا‬Latakia
Aleppo
landfills
Current situation
In Syria

12. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Idleb
Deir alzor
Current situation
In Syria
landfills

13. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Medical waste management in Damascus

14. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Solid waste
management
Master plan

15. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Basic network Generalization
1 OK NO
OK, in Damascus,
Lattakia and
Salameya
NO NO OK
2 OK NO OK NO NO OK
3 OK OK OK NO NO OK
3 bis OK OK OK NO NO OK
4 OK OK OK OK NO OK
5 OK OK OK OK
OK, in Damascus
and Aleppo (1)
OK
6 OK OK OK OK
OK, in :
Damascus (1),
Aleppo, Tartous,
Lattakia, Douma,
Suweida + Daraa
OK
(1) only for rejected waste from composting
Sanitary
landfilling
Composting
Scenario
Remediation
dumpsite
Recovery
of dry
materials
Thermic treatment
The seven scenarios for domestic waste management
in the Syrian Arab Republic

16. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
GENERALITIES
 A rational waste management is :
- Keep a clean town,
- Minimize the current proportion of waste in dumpsite,
- Set up a network of landfill with waterproof and
leachate control,
- Increase training for operating of landfills and
composting plants,
- Ban outside burning.

17. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Domestic waste : 5 400 000 t/year
recovery bulky wastebiowaste inertMixed waste hazardous waste
sorting plant
Landfill
3 000 000 t
home
composting
spécific
treatment
7 400 t
10 000 t4 540 000 t600 000 t 70 000 t 90 000 t
780 000 t
medical waste
7 400 t 3 100 t
spécific
treatment
3 100 t
780 000 t
1 550 000 t
Compost
1 550 000 t
Mechanical
preparation
Inert landifilling
70 000 t
Recycling
790 000 t
1 550 000 t
190 000 t
3 850 000 t
650 000 t
Composting
3 100 000 t
Recycling
90 000 t
0,1%1,3%28%55%14% 0,1%1,6%
Domestic waste : 5 400 000 t/year
recovery bulky wastebiowaste inertMixed waste hazardous waste
sorting plant
Landfill
3 000 000 t
home
composting
spécific
treatment
7 400 t
10 000 t4 540 000 t600 000 t 70 000 t 90 000 t
780 000 t
medical waste
7 400 t 3 100 t
spécific
treatment
3 100 t
780 000 t
1 550 000 t
Compost
1 550 000 t
Mechanical
preparation
Inert landifilling
70 000 t
Recycling
790 000 t
1 550 000 t
190 000 t
3 850 000 t
650 000 t
Composting
3 100 000 t
Recycling
90 000 t
0,1%1,3%28%55%14% 0,1%1,6%

18. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
GENERALITIES
 An optimal waste management needs also
to implement actions in the order below :
Waste minimization
Adapted collection
Adapted treatment
Landfill
Main aim : reduce
waste in landfill

19. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
 IN PRACTICE, IT NEEDS :
- Technical means (vehicles, plants…),
- Technical organization (good managerial staff),
- Administrative organization (planification in each
governorate, intermunicipal organization),
- National policies,
- Financial ressources :
- Financing of investment,
- Financing of services.

20. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
WASTE MINIMIZATION

21. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
WASTE MINIMIZATION
Consciousness
raising
Financial
incentives
MINIMIZATION
OF WASTE
GENERATION
Promotion of eco-
responsible
purchase
MASS MEDIA
Promotion of « less
collected waste »

22. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
WASTE MINIMIZATION
 Solutions :
 - Deposit system for
batteries, bottles,
tires, plastic bags,
 -Specific tax on
plastic bags You buy the first bag and
after you change old bag for
a new, free of charge

23. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
WASTE MINIMIZATION
 Solutions :
 - Encourage reuse :
repair lists, support
second-hand
market…
 - Home composting,

24. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
WASTE COLLECTION
 IMPROVEMENT OF TRADITIONAL COLLECTION :
- Decrease the large shortage of collection containers,
- Decrease the large shortage of compactors for
collection,
- Increase the labor force for cleanliness and collection,
(2 workers for 1 000 inhabitants),
- Set up a managerial staff to optimize waste
management in each town,
- Promote partnership with private companies.

25. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Possible separative collection
glass
plastic
Cardboard
Packaging and old papers Biowaste
steel
Vegetables
Green waste

26. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
RECYCLING CONTAINERS

27. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
SEPARATIVE COLLECTION OF
BULKYWASTE IN DROP-OFF CENTRE
Principle : enclosed
place supervised,
where municipal
services,
households, and
small companies
bring and separate
bulky waste :
furniture, household
electrical appliance,
big objects

28. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
WASTE TRANSPORT
 Waste transport is
not efficient with
tractor or
compactor on
long distances.
 Transfer station
and transport by
truck is necessary
to gather waste in
a big treatment
plant.
Main plant
Transfer stations for small centres

29. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
WASTE TRANSPORT : MINIMUM DISTANCE
Ton/day
Distance
of
treatment
center
(km)
Transfer plant
advantageous area

30. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Transfer
station for
rural areas
Simple
skip
WASTE TRANSPORT

31. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Transfer station for urban areas
WASTE TRANSPORT

32. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Governorate
Nb. of
sites
Governorate Nb. of sites
Damascus City 1 Hama 12
Damascus countryside 11 Lattakia 13
Daa’ra 7 Tartous 9
Suweida 6 Deir Es Zor 8
Aleppo 14 Hasakeh 8
Idleb 3 Rakka 9
Homs 9 TOTAL 110
Number of transfer stations per governorate

33. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Network of transfer
stations : 1 to14
transfer station per
Governorate
WASTE TRANSPORT
 Provisional investment :
4 to 40 million SP/transfer
station,
 Transport cost : 80 to 100
SP/ton for medium and
long distance.

34. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
DIFFERENT TYPE OF WASTE TREATMENT
 Sorting plant
 Composting
 Other treatment of organic matter
 Thermic treatment

35. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
INTEGRATED CENTRE OF WASTE TREATMENT

36. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
SORTING PLANT GENERAL ORGANISATION
Weighing
Reception area
Mechanical sorting
Manual sorting
To sell
Storage before conditionning
Weighing
Storage before evacuation
conditionning
Offices

37. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
SORTING PLANT
P EN TE
OPENER
OF BAGS
ALIMENTATION
MECHANICAL
SORTING SORTING
CABIN
CONVEYOR OF
PRESS
PRESS
EVACUATION

38. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
SORTING PLANT

39. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
RECEIPTS OR EXPENSES FOR SORTING
FACILITIES (mixed waste)
5900
2600
1200
600
130 -10 10 -20 -50
-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
1500
3000
6000
10000
15000
20000
30000
40000
50000
Annual recovery tonnage (t/year)
S.P./tonofrecovery
material

40. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
COMPOSTING PLANT
 Organic matter treatment
 Aerobic way
 Different ways:
 Mixed domestic waste
 Green waste
 Organic matter from domestic waste after
separative collection

41. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
COMPOSTING PLANT
MAIN ORGANISATION
RECEPTION AND
PREPARATION
FERMENTATION
PHASE
MATURATION
COMPOST
REFINING
STORAGE
AVOID SCHREDDING
SELLING
PREARE COMPOST FOR SELLING

42. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
COMPOSTING PLANT
 Parameters involved to optimize composting
 Humidity,
 Aeration
 An efficient composting process has
to optimize these parameters in a
simple way

43. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
COMPOSTING PLANT
OUTSIDE PLATEFORM WITH NATURAL AERATION

44. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
COMPOSTING PLANT
OUTSIDE PLATEFORM WITH NATURAL AERATION
compost
Retourneur enjambeurTurner
GREEN WASTE
COMPOSTING

45. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
COMPOSTING COSTS
920
500
320
260 230 220 220
0
500
1 000
5 000 15 000 50 000 100 000 160 000 225 000 260 000
t/year
S.P./ton

46. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
DIFFERENT TYPE OF LANDFILL
 Depending on type of admitted waste
 1st class: for hazardous waste
 2nd class: for domestic waste or non hazardous
industrial waste
 3th class: for demolition waste (inert)

47. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
CHARACTERISTICS OF SITE FOR LANDFILLING
Criterion Characteristics
Localisation Distance : 5 km of habitations and
others activities.
Geology Limited ground settlement
Impermeable materials in bottom and
around the site.
Hydraulic Permeability:
1m with permeability < 1.10-9 m/s +
5m with permeability < 1.10-6 m/s
Hydro-geology Site basis over the maximum level of
the water table

48. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
General design

49. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
General designTypical multiple active and passive barrier
Géotextile
Géomembrane PEHD
groundwater
Clay1m – 10-9 m/s
Clayor equivalent
5m – 10-6 m/s
WASTE
At least 10 meters
Typical multiple active and passive barrier
Geotextile
Géomembrane PEHD
groundwater
Clay1m – 10-9 m/s
Clayor equivalent
5m – 10-6 m/s
WASTE
At least 10 meters
passive
Substratum
Rock/soil
active

50. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Control and supervision
Underground water -monthly sampling and analysis,
-control of water level,
Superficial water -implementation of reject points,
-monthly analysis
Leachate -treatment to define in special
conditions,
-implementation of reject points,
-monthly analysis,
-quality of rejects to be define in
special conditions book,
Biogaz -analysis of composition (6 per
year),
-quality of rejects to be define in
book of special conditions
Documents -plan of operation,
-annual hydric balance

51. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
BIOGAZ
NETWORK OF COLLECTION
CONTROLED BURNING PRODUCTION OF ENERGY

52. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
LEACHATE
STORAGE AND
TREATMENT

53. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
CONSTRUCTION OF COMPARTMENT

54. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Cost per ton landfilled in relation with the landfill annual
capacity
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
0 50 000 100 000 150 000 200 000 250 000 300 000 350 000 400 000 450 000 500 000
Capacity in tons
CostinSP/ton

55. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT
The priority : separative collection
of medical waste in the
hospital

56. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Syria – Medical Waste Facilities Nominal Treatment capacities - 5000 t in 2014
Al Quneitra
JORDAN
Aleppo
El Hasakeh
Miadeen
Homs
As Suweida
Dar’a
Damascus
Edleb
Hama
Tartus
Lattakia
A’ Zaz Al Bab
Manbij
El Thaourah
Ar Raqqa
El Qamishli
Deir ez Zor
Abu kamal
Tadmor
Masyaf
Nabk
Duma
Busra
Orontes
Euphrates
Buhayrat al’ Asad
Jebleh
Yabroud
950 t/y
500 t/y
100 t/y
100 t/y
150 t/y
1 000 t/y
1 000 t/y
300 t/y
300 t/y
Medical Waste Treatment
Facility by Steam Disinfection
300 t/y
100 t/y
300 t/y
100 t/y
300 t/y
Syria – Medical Waste Facilities Nominal Treatment capacities - 5000 t in 2014
Al Quneitra
JORDAN
Aleppo
El Hasakeh
Miadeen
Homs
As Suweida
Dar’a
Damascus
Edleb
Hama
Tartus
Lattakia
A’ Zaz Al Bab
Manbij
El Thaourah
Ar Raqqa
El Qamishli
Deir ez Zor
Abu kamal
Tadmor
Masyaf
Nabk
Duma
Busra
Orontes
Euphrates
Buhayrat al’ Asad
Jebleh
Yabroud
950 t/y950 t/y
500 t/y500 t/y
100 t/y100 t/y
100 t/y100 t/y
150 t/y150 t/y
1 000 t/y1 000 t/y
1 000 t/y1 000 t/y
300 t/y300 t/y
300 t/y300 t/y
Medical Waste Treatment
Facility by Steam Disinfection
Medical Waste Treatment
Facility by Steam Disinfection
300 t/y300 t/y
100 t/y100 t/y
300 t/y300 t/y
100 t/y100 t/y
300 t/y300 t/y

57. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT
 RECOMMENDATION :
A specific collection with
safety rules and
specific trucks for
medical waste, with
regular disinfection

58. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT:
The best solution : steam
disinfection

59. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT
 RECOMMENDATION FOR SYRIA:
1 plant per governorate for steam disinfection, with :
- 1 large plant in big areas (500 to 1 000 t/year),
- 1 small plant in other areas (100 to 150 ton/year).
New jobs : 4 to 6 persons per facility.

60. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Syria – Medical Waste Facilities Nominal Treatment capacities - 5000 t in 2014
Al Quneitra
JORDAN
Aleppo
El Hasakeh
Miadeen
Homs
As Suweida
Dar’a
Damascus
Edleb
Hama
Tartus
Lattakia
A’ Zaz Al Bab
Manbij
El Thaourah
Ar Raqqa
El Qamishli
Deir ez Zor
Abu kamal
Tadmor
Ariha
Ma’ arrar
Masyaf
Al Qusayr
Nabk
Duma
Busra
Orontes
Euphrates
Buhayrat al’ Asad
Jebleh
Yabroud
1000 t/y
150 t/y
100 t/y
100 t/y
Medical Waste Treatment
Facility by Steam Disinfection
Medical Waste Treatment
Facility by Incineration
1500 t/y
1500 t/y
1500 t/y
Syria – Medical Waste Facilities Nominal Treatment capacities - 5000 t in 2014
Al Quneitra
JORDAN
Aleppo
El Hasakeh
Miadeen
Homs
As Suweida
Dar’a
Damascus
Edleb
Hama
Tartus
Lattakia
A’ Zaz Al Bab
Manbij
El Thaourah
Ar Raqqa
El Qamishli
Deir ez Zor
Abu kamal
Tadmor
Ariha
Ma’ arrar
Masyaf
Al Qusayr
Nabk
Duma
Busra
Orontes
Euphrates
Buhayrat al’ Asad
Jebleh
Yabroud
1000 t/y
150 t/y
100 t/y
100 t/y
Medical Waste Treatment
Facility by Steam Disinfection
Medical Waste Treatment
Facility by Incineration
1500 t/y
1500 t/y
1500 t/y
Al Quneitra
JORDAN
Aleppo
El Hasakeh
Miadeen
Homs
As Suweida
Dar’a
Damascus
Edleb
Hama
Tartus
Lattakia
A’ Zaz Al Bab
Manbij
El Thaourah
Ar Raqqa
El Qamishli
Deir ez Zor
Abu kamal
Tadmor
Ariha
Ma’ arrar
Masyaf
Al Qusayr
Nabk
Duma
Busra
Orontes
Euphrates
Buhayrat al’ Asad
Jebleh
Yabroud
1000 t/y
150 t/y150 t/y
100 t/y100 t/y
100 t/y100 t/y
Medical Waste Treatment
Facility by Steam Disinfection
Medical Waste Treatment
Facility by Incineration
1500 t/y
1500 t/y
1500 t/y

61. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Typical multiple active and passive barrier
Geotextile
Géomembrane HDPE
Drainage layer 0,5 m
K = 10 -4 m/s
Substratum
Rock/soil
groundwater
Clay or equivalent
5m K=10-9 m/s
Hazardous and medical WASTE
Typical multiple active and passive barrier
Geotextile
Géomembrane HDPE
Drainage layer 0,5 m
K = 10 -4 m/s
Substratum
Rock/soil
groundwater
Clay or equivalent
5m K=10-9 m/s
Hazardous and medical WASTE

62. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
HAZARDOUS WASTE
 Hazardous waste
collection is an
absolute priority :
great impact on
compost quality ,
on environment
and water
pollution

63. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
HAZARDOUS WASTE STORAGE
 In municipal
services or fire
station : a
closed cupboard
with retention
system on the
soil

64. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT
Aim for Syria : carry out
one plant for toxic waste
Several activities in the Syrian plant :
- Recovery,
- Physical and chemical treatment,
- Incineration.
- For specific toxic waste, export is necessary : PCB for
example (Europe, Asia…).
- Suggestion : partnership between Middle East countries
to set up a network of plant for all toxic waste

65. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
FINANCING OF INVESTMENT
 Government or regional grant
 Budget of municipality (need financial
reserves)
 Bank loan
 Private ( by B.O.T: built, operate and
transfer tendering procedure)

66. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Al Quneitra
Aleppo
El Hasakeh
Miadeen
Homs
As Suweida
Dar’a
Damascus
Edleb
Hama
Tartus
Lattakia
A’ Zaz Al Bab
Manbej
Al Thora
Al Raqqa
El Qamishli
Deir ez Zor
Abu kamal
Tadmor
Masyaf
Nabk
Duma
Busra
Orontes
Euphrates
Buhayrat al’ Asad
Jebleh
Yabroud
Treatment unit
Sanitary landfill
Al Quneitra
Aleppo
El Hasakeh
Miadeen
Homs
As Suweida
Dar’a
Damascus
Edleb
Hama
Tartus
Lattakia
A’ Zaz Al Bab
Manbej
Al Thora
Al Raqqa
El Qamishli
Deir ez Zor
Abu kamal
Tadmor
Masyaf
Nabk
Duma
Busra
Orontes
Euphrates
Buhayrat al’ Asad
Jebleh
Yabroud
Treatment unit
Sanitary landfill
Treatment unit
Sanitary landfill
Map of main Syrian facilities (Integrated centres and landfill)

67. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Governorate of Hasakeh – 1 620 000 inhabitants in 2014 – 336 960 ton/year in 2014
Al Malkiye (81 820)
El Hasakeh (251 000)
Amuda (38
000)
Ash Sadaddih
Tall Tamir (3 500)
Qamischli (180 000)
Ain Diwar
( 7 000)
Tel Halaf ( 7 000)
Ras al Ein
(51 000)
Ad Dughayrat
Al Hawl (6 200)
Al Khatuniya (4 500)
Al ‘Ya Rubiyeh
Tall Brak
Darbasiyah (24 000)
39
27 28
27
50
42
13
30
35
60
41
56
Area A
Population 700 000
inh
Total domestic waste 145 600 ton/year
Transferred waste 43 800
ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 27 230 ton/year
Composting 93 450 ton/year
Landfilling 75 845 ton/year
Area C
Population 260 000
inh
Total domestic waste 54 080 ton/year
Transferred waste 37 800
ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 7 800 ton/year
Composting 0 ton/year
Landfilling 46 280 ton/year
Area B
Population 460 000
inh
Total domestic waste 95 680 ton/year
Transferred waste 57 600
ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 17 894 ton/year
Composting 61 410 ton/year
Landfilling 49 841 ton/year
Area D
Population 200 000
inh
Total domestic waste 41 600 ton/year
Transferred waste 31 500
ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 6 000 ton/year
Composting 0 ton/year
Landfilling 35 600 ton/year
10
Tal Hamies ( 20 000)
Al Qahtaniyeh (22 000)
Al Jawadiyah (3 270)
31
Marqadeh
39
35
30
44
Treatment unit
Sanitary landfill
Transfer plant
Sorting plant

68. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Governorate of Deir Es Zor – 1 315 000 inhabitants in 2014 – 273 520 ton/year in 2014
Miadeen (50 000)
Der ez Zor (230 000)
Abu kamal (70
000)
Al Thibnah (10 000)
Suwar (10 000)
Al Kasrah (10
000)
Muhasan (22 000)
Al Asharah (23 000)
Hajin (43 200)
41 8
25
64
57
Ziban (14 000)
54
20
13
37
16
50
Bussayra (20 000)
Al Kharayej (27 000)
Area A
Population 1 115 000 inh
Total domestic waste 231 920 ton/year
Transferred waste 139 200 ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 43 374 ton/year
Composting 148 853 ton/year
Landfilling 120 810 ton/year
Area B
Population 200 000
inh
Total domestic waste 41 600 ton/year
Transferred waste 21 000 ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 6 000 ton/year
Composting 0 ton/year
Landfilling 35 600 ton/year
10
Sbeikhan (24
000)
Ash Shafeh (21 000)
16
40
16
15
Treatment unit
Sanitary landfill
Transfer plant
Sorting plant

69. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Governorate of Raqqah – 910 000 inhabitants in 2014 – 226 590 ton/year in 2014
Al Thora (80 000)
Al Raqqa (250 000)
Sluk (16 000)
Halabiyeh
Al Madane (9
000)
Al Karamah (35 000)
Ayn Isa (16 800)
As Sabkha (26 000)
Tal Abiad (50 000)
21
28
52
30
26
33
24
27
23
42
Dibsi’Affnan (24 000) 32
Qantari11
17
58
Al Jirniyeh (18 000)
Area A
Population 460 000
inh
Total domestic waste 114 540 ton/year
Transferred waste 57 500
ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 18 837 ton/year
Composting 75 555 ton/year
Landfilling 60 686 ton/year
Area C
Population 170 000
inh
Total domestic waste 42 330 ton/year
Transferred waste 25 200ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 5 100 ton/year
Composting 0 ton/year
Landfilling 37 230 ton/year
Area B
Population 280 000
inh
Total domestic waste 69 720 ton/year
Transferred waste 42 000
ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 8 400 ton/year
Composting 0 ton/year
Landfilling 61 320 ton/year
Kafifeh
20
Treatment unit
Sanitary landfill
Transfer plant
Sorting plant

70. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Governorate of Aleppo – 4 740 000 inhabitants in 2014 – 1 019 100 ton/year in 2014
Ain Al Arab (45000)
A’ Zaz (70
000)
Al Bab (120 000)
Manbij (186 000)
Maskaneh (10 000)
Tal Adaman (8000)
Daret Azze (40 000)
Der Hafer (26 400)
As Sufira (91 600)
Kanasir (14000)
Ifrin (46 000)
Nubul (29 000)
Tal Rifaat (31 000)
Mare (40 000)
Al Rai (12 300)
38
Jarablos (38 000)
32
15
13
18
10
23
40
25
Athareb ( 20 000)
28
60
45
Hreitan (17 000)
Rajo ( 6 600)
Jandires (13 000)
Cheikh Al Hadid (10 000)
Bolbol (10 500)
Sarba ( 4 600)
Akhtarin (14
000)
Tadef (33 000)
Al Ghandourah (7 000)
Abu Kolokol (5 000)
Khafseh (18 000)
Al Mahmoudyah (9 000)
35
35
47
37
15
Serrin Al
Chamalieh
(10 000)
18
30
24
24
26 10
8
31
18
20
20
16
40
40
Aleppo
(2 800 000)
Area A
Population 3 110 000
Total domestic waste 668 650 ton/year
Transferred waste 669 000 ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 107 295 ton/year
Composting 443 175 ton/year
Landfilling 355 318 ton/year
Area C
Population 300 000
inh
Total domestic waste 64 500 ton/year
Transferred waste 16 250 ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 7 500 ton/year
Composting 0 ton/year
Landfilling 57 000 ton/year
Area B
Population 560 000
inh
Total domestic waste 120 400 ton/year
Transferred waste 30 000 ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 19 320 ton/year
Composting 79 800 ton/year
Landfilling 63 980 ton/year
Area D
Population 280 000
inh
Total domestic waste 60 200 ton/year
Transferred waste 24 000 ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 7 000 ton/year
Composting 0 ton/year
Landfilling 53 200 ton/year
Area E
Population 90 000 inh
Total domestic waste 19 350 ton/year
Transferred waste 7 600 ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 2 700 ton/year
Composting 0 ton/year
Landfilling 16 650 ton/year
30
Area F
Population 400 000
Total domestic waste 86 000 ton/year
Transferred waste 60 200
ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 12 000 ton/year
Composting 0 ton/year
Landfilling 74 000 ton/year
Treatment unit
Sanitary landfill
Transfer plant
Sorting plant

71. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Governorate of Idleb - 1 450 000 inhabitants in 2014 – 311 750 ton/year in 2014
Msebin
Idleb ( 113 000)
Taftanaz (10 000)
Sarahqueb (35 000)
Sinjar (3000)
30
16
15
27
Ma’ arrat an Numan (70000)
Ariha (50 000)
Abu Dhour
(12 000)
Khan Chekhoun (52 000)
Kafr Nobol (22
000)
Ehsem (11
000)
Mambel (8 000)
Jisr Al Shoghour (38 000)
Bdama
(6 000)
Harem (30 000)
Banesh (28 000)
Al Dana (20 000)
Ma’artamsrin (30 000)
20
15
22
15
10
12
12
37
29
25
20
9
30
7
S.landfill of
Hantoutin
27
NOTA: The site south of
Ehsem planned by the
municipalities in the SW area
is useless. The surrounding
municipalities could join the
Hantoutin landfill.
Area C
Population 280 000
inh
Total domestic waste 60 200 ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 8 400 ton/year
Composting 0 ton/year
Landfilling 51 800 ton/year
Area A
Population 460 000
inh
Total domestic waste 98 900 ton/year
Transferred waste 14 850
ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 18 055 ton/year
Composting 63 825 ton/year
Landfilling 51 693 ton/year
Area B
Population 460 000
inh
Total domestic waste 98 900 ton/year
Transferred waste 29 700 ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 18 055 ton/year
Composting 63 825 ton/year
Landfilling 51 693 ton/year
Area D
Population 250 000
inh
Total domestic waste 53 750 ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 7 500 ton/year
Composting 0 ton/year
Landfilling 46 250 ton/year
Salquin (29 000)
Kafr Takharim (21000)
Darkush (10 300)
Foua’a (21 000)
Sarmin (18 000)
Armanaz (20 000)
Kelli (11 000)
20
Treatment unit
Sanitary landfill
Transfer plant
Sorting plant

72. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Governorate of Lattakia – 1 050 000 inhabitants in 2014 – 316 050 ton/year in 2014
Slinfa (2000)
Lattakia
465 000
Al Haffeh (12 000)
Jableh
(62 000)
Sharquiyah (4 000)
Kassab (4 000)
Jobet Birghal (3 000)
Al Qardaha (20 000)
20
22
20
14
20
Watal Khan
Rabiah (8 000)
Qastal Ma’ar (5 400)
Einl Baidah
Al Bahloulieh (9 400)
Kansabba (5 000)
Ayn al Tinah (4 500)
Fakhurah (10 000)
16
24
Projected S.landfill
of Al Qasia +
composting plant
Population 1 050 000
inh
Total domestic waste 316 050 ton/year
Transferred waste 221 200 ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 45 728 ton/year
Composting 213 413 ton/year
Landfilling 169 916 ton/year
Qutelbiya (15 000)
Ad Dalieh (12 000)
12
13
20
Rehabilitation of the
composting plant
25
20
45
41
28
24
5
12
16
20
Treatment unit
Sanitary landfill
Transfer plant
Sorting plant

73. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Governorate of Tartus – 785 000 inhabitants in 2014 – 202 530 ton/year in 2014
Al Hamadiyah (10 000)
Banias (35 000)
Tartous
(150 000)
Dreykish (19000)
Al Quadmus (6 000)
Hamman wasel (5 000)
Sheikh Badr (15 100)
20
36
20
18
45
Al’Annazeh (6 000)
At Tawaheen (2 000)
Ar Rawda (6 000)
As Sawda (7 000)
Himmeen (9 000)
Mashtal’halu (7 000)
Safita (27 000)
As Safateh (7 000)
Kirbetl’Nizeh
35
Taleen (5
600)
17
14
9
9
11
23
24 16
29
18
13
26
Projected S.landfill
of Hade Valley
Arwad Island (18 000)
Population 785 000
inh
Total domestic waste 202 530 ton/year
Transferred waste 151 500
ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 32 499 ton/year
Composting 134 235 ton/year
Landfilling 107 624 ton/year16
Treatment unit
Sanitary landfill
Transfer plant
Sorting plant

74. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Governorate of Hama – 1 700 000 inhabitants in 2014 – 365 500 ton/year in 2014
Misyaf (30 000)
Sabouhra (10 000)
Karnaz (13 000)
Al Sequelbiya (15 000)
Kafr zeta (20 000)
As Sa’an (10 000)
Bural Sharqi ( 6 000)
24
18
25
47
33
20
Qalaat Almadiq (18 000)
Muharde (20 000)
13
20 30
Al Hamra (28 000)
A’ Qeirbat (5 000)
15
25
40
Murek (16 000)
Hama ( 460 000)
Talsalhab (17 000)
Salameya
(85 600)
Area A
Population 1 340 000 inh
Total domestic waste 288 100 ton/year
Transferred waste 86 400 ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 52 595 ton/year
Composting 185 925 ton/year
Landfilling 150583 ton/year
Area C
Population 160 000 inh
Total domestic waste 34 400 ton/year
Transferred waste 13 600 ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 6 280 ton/year
Composting 22 200 ton/year
Landfilling 17 980 ton/year
Area B
Population 200 000 inh
Total domestic waste 43 000 ton/year
Transferred waste 32 250 ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 6 000 ton/year
Composting 0 ton/year
Landfilling 37 000 ton/year
Az’ziara (9 000)
Shat hat attahtah (8 600)
Kafrbhm (17 000)
Wadiel I’Youn (10 000)
Aoj (5 000)
Ein Halakim (5
000)
Al Hmeri (4 000)
Hilfaya (20 000)
Kafrnabude (15 000)
11
25
13
24
Soran (28 000) + Tibet Aliman (27 000)
5
6 8
12
Treatment unit
Sanitary landfill
Transfer plant
Sorting plant

75. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Governorate of Homs – 1 900 000 inhabitants in 2014 – 490 200 ton/year in
2014
Area A
Population 1 425 000 inh
Total domestic waste 361 650 ton/year
Transferred waste 72 400
ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 58 695 ton/year
Composting 239 175 ton/year
Landfilling 191 918 ton/year
Talkalak (30 000)
An’Nasra
(21 000)
As Suknah (36 500)
Ar Rastan (50 000)
Tal Daw (21 000)
Talbissé (37 000)
Sadad (13 000) Al Quaryatayn (30 000)
120
115
25
40
25
Al Qseir (50 000)
Shin (15 000) 20
20
Hasya ( 6 400) Al Raqana (5 000)
Al Fruglos (7 000)
Mkharram Foqani (9 000)
Jibl Jarrah (4
000)
Mhin (12 500)
Al Basiri
24
35
25
40
25
35
Homs ( 1 037 000)
Area D
Population 60 000 inh
Total domestic waste 21 480 ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 2 784 ton/year
Composting 14 760 ton/year
Landfilling 11 676 ton/year
Area C
Population 110 000 inh
Total domestic waste 28 380 ton/year
Transferred waste 28 000 ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 3 300 ton/year
Composting 0 ton/year
Landfilling 25 080 ton/year
Area B
Population 180 000 inh
Total domestic waste 46 440 ton/year
Transferred waste 46 000
ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 5 400 ton/year
Composting 0 ton/year
Landfilling 41 040 ton/year
Tal Zahab (14 000)
Kafr laha (21 500)
Quateeneh (7 500)
Mishfreh (11 000)
Area F
Population 80 000 inh
Total domestic waste 20 640 ton/year
Transferred waste 12 600 ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 2 400 ton/year
Composting 0 ton/year
Landfilling 18 240 ton/year
(Maghliah in a second term)
75
Area E
Population 45 000 inh
Total domestic waste 11 610 ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 1 350 ton/year
Composting 0 ton/year
Landfilling 10 260 ton/year
85
14
3
4
15
17
30
32
33
10
Treatment unit
Sanitary landfill
Transfer plant
Sorting plant
*The Master plan recommends to
transfer the waste to Homs landfill.
Nevertheless the any municipality
could decide to implement a landfill in
condition a suitable site is found and
authorized by the governorate.
*

76. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Nabk (47 000)
Qtaifé (40 000)
Duma (300 000)
Yabroud (38 000)
Raqqleh
Al Kiswah (22 000)
Jeiroud (42 000)
Ar Ruhaybah (28
000)
Dumeir (40 000)
Sadaneya (10 000)
Zabadani (40 000)
Tall (50 000)
Harasta (150 000)
Al Gusnalié (10 000)
Quatana (47 000)
Daraya (85 000)
Governorate of Damascus Countryside – 3 140 000 inhabitants in 2014 – 945 140 t/year in 2014
30
15
5 35
26
39
12
9
40
7
Kanakir (13 000)
Sa’asa’a (47 000)
15
23
14
7
34
18
Projected S.landfill
of Jeiroud
Existing S.landfill of
Al Jaronia
18
Existing sorting plant
Treatment unit
Sanitary landfill
Transfer plant
Sorting plant
Area A
Population 920 000 inh
Total domestic waste 276 920 ton/year
Transferred waste 166 200 ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 35 696 ton/year
Composting 190 440 ton/year
Landfilling 150 604 ton/year
Area B
Population 1 000 000 inh
Total domestic waste 301 000 ton/year
Transferred waste 255 850
ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 38 800 ton/year
Composting 207 000 ton/year
Landfilling 163 700 ton/year
Area C
Population 610 000 inh
Total domestic waste 183 610 ton/year
Transferred waste 128 800
ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 23 668 ton/year
Composting 126 270 ton/year
Landfilling 99 857 ton/year
Area D
Population 610 000 inh
Total domestic waste 183 610 ton/year
Transferred waste 138 000
ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 23 668 ton/year
Composting 126 270 ton/year
Landfilling 99 857 ton/year
Deir Atiyeh (20 000)
Qara (20 000)
9
8
To Al Quneitra
landfill

77. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Al Gusnalié
Governorate of Damascus – 3 400 000 inhabitants in 2014 - 584 800 ton/year in 2014
Damascus
40
Existing landfill of Al Jaronia
Transfer station to implement
Existing composting plant to extend
Population 3 400 000 inh
Total domestic waste 584 800 ton/year
Transferred waste 584 800 ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 93 840 ton/year
Composting 387 600 ton/year
Landfilling 310 760 ton/year
Treatment unit
Sanitary landfill
Transfer plant
Sorting plant

78. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Governorate of As Suweida – 360 000 inhabitants in 2014 – 74 880 ton/year in 2014
As Suweida (57 000)
Shaba (14000)
Ariqa (6500)
As Sijn (4400)
Shaqqa (7000)
Al Mushanaf (3 000)
Salkad (12700)
Mallah (10 000)Al Qraya (6000)
Dibin (4400)
15
18
15
22
17
13
Assoura
22
21
12
20
14
19
10
15
Population 360 000 inh
Total domestic waste 74 880 ton/year
Transferred waste 63 750
ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 14 004 ton/year
Composting 48 060 ton/year
Landfilling 39 006 ton/year
At Taleh (10
500)
Al Qanawat (10 000)
Arman (10 000)
At Theel ( 9 000)
Treatment unit
Sanitary landfill
Transfer plant
Sorting plant

79. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Al Musaifra (11 000)
Kirbeth Ghazaleh (17 000)
Bosral Harir (14 000)Tseel (16 000)
Ash Shajara (8 000) Daele (27 000)
Governorate of Daara – 1 040 000 inhabitants in 2014 – 216 320 ton/year in 2014
Nawa (55 000)
As Shaykh (23 400)
Izraa (25 000)
Al Harrak (22 000)Tafas (30 000)
Dar’a
(100 000)
Bosra (25000)
Khabab
Assanamein (24 000)
Al Harrah (18 400)
Jasem (38 000)
15
15
12
11
22
25
Seda (12 000)
Al Mismiyeh (4 000)
Ghabagheb (11 000)
Kafrshams (14 000)
5
10
25
30
10
8
15
15
18
Area A
Population 660 000 inh
Total domestic waste 137 280 ton/year
Transferred waste 82 200 ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 25 674 ton/year
Composting 88 110 ton/year
Landfilling 71 511 ton/year
Area B
Population 380 000 inh
Total domestic waste 79 040 ton/year
Transferred waste 63 200
ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 14 782 ton/year
Composting 50 730 ton/year
Landfilling 41 173 ton/year
Treatment unit
Sanitary landfill
Transfer plant
Sorting plant

80. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
Governorate of Al Quneitra – 190 000 inhabitants in 2014 – 38 000 ton/year in 2014
Al
Khshniyeh
Al Quneitra
Mas’ada
Ar’afie
d
Khan Arnabeh (10 000)
Afik
15
22
25
10
Population 190 000 inh
Total domestic waste 38 000 ton/year
Transferred waste 26 600
ton/year
Sorting of recyclable 4 608 ton/year
Composting 26 363 ton/year
Landfilling 20 781 ton/year
Waste from Sa’asa’a
transfer station
Occupied Area
Treatment unit
Sanitary landfill
Transfer plant
Sorting plant

81. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
The total investment to set up
all the facilities and equipments
is about 21,20 billion SP, that is
about 2,12 billion SP per year.
The total annual cost including investment pay
off and operations (within 2014) will be about
11,5 billion SP/year without separative
collection,

82. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
0 - Promote the national MSW Master Plan (documents, internet site, seminars) 5
A - Planification: Regional Master Plans 15 15
B - Waste Minimization 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25
C - Pilot Project 16 24 19 8 5
Arward island 5 5 5
Home composting 1 1 1
Plastic bags reuse campaign 3 3 3
Dropp-off centres in rural and urban areas ( Damascus and Tartus) 10 5
Separative collection in 1 large city (to be chosen) 10 10 5 5
D - Collection 710 732 733 697 697 697 697 697 697 697
Containers 33 33 33
Trucks and compactors 670 670 670 670 670 670 670 670 670 670
Hazardous Waste storage 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
Dropp-off centres 22 23 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
E - Transfer and Transportation 172 172 172 172 172 172 172 172 172 172
E1 - Main towns of each Mohafazat : Lattakia, Tartus, Aleppo, Damascus, Damascus countryside (Duma, Jaronia), 172 172 172 172 172
Al Bab, Salameya,Daraa, Hasakeh, Hama,Sweida, Deir Es Zor,Homs,Magliah and urgent situations
E2 - Other towns of the mohafazats : Al Quneitra, Damascus countryside ( Rakkleh, Jeiroud,Sa'asaa), Idleb, Qamischli, 172 172 172 172 172
Jawadijeh, Al Thora, Ain al Arab, Kassab, Talkhalak, Al Qseir,Abu kamal,Al Dana, Maharde, As Suknah,
Raqqah, Manbej, Ma'ar'at, Tadmur, Khabab, Tall Tamir, Ayn Isa, Quaryatayn, Ifrin, Jisr Al Shoghur,
F - Integrated Centres (mechanical separation, composting and sorting plants) 770 770 770 770 770 770 770 770 770 770
F1 - Main towns of each Mohafazat : Lattakia, Tartus, Aleppo, Damascus, Damascus countryside (Duma, Jaronia), 770 770 770 770 770
Daraa, Hasakeh, Hama,Sweida, Deir Es Zor,Homs,
F2 - Other towns of the mohafazats : Al Quneitra, Damascus countryside ( Rakkleh, Jeiroud), Idleb, Qamischli, 770 770 770 770 770
Raqqah, Manbej, Ma'ar'at, Tadmur, Khabab
G - Sorting Centres 228 228 228 228 228 228 228 228 228 228
G1 - Main towns of each Mohafazat : Lattakia, Tartus, Aleppo, Damascus, Damascus countryside (Duma, Jaronia), 228 228 228 228 228
Daraa, Hasakeh, Hama,Sweida, Deir Es Zor,Homs,
G2 - Other towns of the mohafazats : Al Quneitra, Damascus countryside ( Rakkleh, Jeiroud), Idleb, Qamischli, 228 228 228 228 228
Raqqah, Manbej, Ma'ar'at, Tadmur, Khabab, Tall Tamir, Ayn Al Arab, Kanasir,Al Bab, Abu Kamal, Misyaf, Quaratayn,
Jisr Al Shogour, Salameya, Jawadiyeh, Ayn Isa, Talkhalak, Al Kseir,
H - Controlled Sanitary landfills 228 228 228 228 228 228 228 228 228 228
H1 - Main towns of each Mohafazat : Lattakia, Tartus, Aleppo, Damascus, Damascus countryside ( Duma, Jaronia), 228 228 228 228 228
Abu kamal, Salameya, Daraa, Sweida, Homs, Magliah,
H2 - Other towns of the mohafazats :Al Quneitra, Hasakeh, Damascus countryside ( Rakkleh, jeiroud), Idleb, Hama, 228 228 228 228 228
Jawadijeh, Al Thora, Ain Al Arab, Qamischli, Al Bab,Deir Es Zor,Manbej, Ma'ar'at, Tadmur, Khabab, Tall Tamir, Ayn Isa,
Raqqah,Al Dana, As Suknah, Quaryatayn, Ifrin, Jisr Al Shoghur, Sequelbiah
I - Rehabilitation of dumpsites
Plannification of rehabilitation
Choice of the sites (will depend upon the creation of the sanitary landfills)
Environmental Studies
Rehabilitation work
J - Medical Waste Treatment 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25
Medical Waste Steam Disinfection in Damascus, Aleppo, Deir Es Zor, Douma, Homs, Lattakia 25 25 25 25 25
Medical Waste Steam Disinfection in Idleb, Tartus, Hama, Hasakeh, Raqqah, Tadmur, Daraa 25 25 25 25 25
Estimated Yearly Investment in 1000 SP 5 2 189 2 219 2 200 2 153 2 150 2 145 2 145 2 145 2 145 2 145
Previsionnal schedule for the implementation of the actions
evaluation after inventory of municipal dumpsites

83. Syrian master plan of waste management: Seminars
MINISTRY OF LOCAL
ADMINISTRATION
AND ENVIRONMENT