1.
1
The current situation of
solid waste management
in Syria
Engineer
Amir Alboukhari
SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC
MINISTRY OF LOCAL ADMINISTRATION
AND ENVIRONMENT

2.
2
Introduction:
Solid wastes represent one of aggravating problems which face
the administrative unites in Syria
The lack of financial incomes ,with the nature un suitable
infrastructure ,and the lack of trained competent had to a
weakness in treating and managing the solid wastes in this
unites.
Some big cities ,in Syria, tried ,through the last decade , to
establish some props to improve waste management by mission
many specialists to attend seminars in advanced countries .
There are some legal, social, and economical major
considerations which must be taken ; in planning ,executing ,
supervising, and managing to dispose the wastes.

3.
3
0
500000
1000000
1500000
2000000
2500000
3000000
3500000
D
am
as
A
leppo
H
om
s
Lattakia
H
am
a
G
ram
ana
R
akka
H
asaka
D
erzor
M
anbeg
Tartous
K
am
shli
D
araa
H
arasta
B
ab
Idleb
Sw
eida
D
aria
Distribution of population in some main
cities in Syria

4.
4
Preparing studies about solid waste management in Syria
Remarks Date Study title Study
source
City
finished 1995
1996
Supporting by
collecting
vehicles and
landfill
equipment
Improving
environmental
conditions
JICA
Damas
Finishes 1998
1999
Collecting
vehicles and
transfer
station
Improving
environmental
conditions
JICA
Aleppo
Not
completed
1999 ISWM in
Aleppo city
Study of
waste
management
COWI
Goal

5.
5
Only
study
yet
2001 Study of
current
situation in
(Lattakia
city- Hafa –
Jabla –
qerdaha)
and future
conception
Study of
solid waste
management
in Lattakia
governorate
JICA
lattakia
Study
only
1996 General
study
General
study about
solid waste
management
in Lattakia
gov.
MEDU
RBUS

6.
6
Study
only 2001
Study of
advantages of
constructing
composting
plant
Study about
solid waste
management
JICA
HomsStudy
only
1999 Study solid
waste
situation and
preparing a
designing
study ,and
solutions to
sanitary landfill
Solid waste
management
study
European
bank and
Cowi
Study
not
complete
2002-
2003
Situation of
hazardous
waste and
solutions
Hazardous
waste study
G.T.Z

7.
7
Under
constru
ction
2002 study of
current
situation
and
composting
plant
Executing
composting
plant
G.T.Z
Salamia
Study not
complete
2002
2003
Study of
current
situation
and future
conception
G.T.Z
TartousMunicipal
and
Hazardous
waste
study

8.
8
Preparation
of master plan for
solid waste
management
in Syria
Contract with
French Trivalor
company

9.
9
Seminars in ministry
of local administration
and environment
contribute to improve
solid waste
management in Syria

10.
10
Local studies
Sorting of solid waste
From source
Damascus - alsalihia
Damascus - almaza
Sorting battery

11.
11
Local studies
Integrated solid waste
management in
Damascus
countryside
(Jdaida-Mlaiha-
Ainlfija)
Sorting of waste
Medical waste
collection

12.
12
Local studies (Applying of GIS in solid
waste collection in Damascus ( Kassa district

13.
13
The administrative state
for solid waste management
There is no limited administrative division for solid waste
management in Syrian units ,
Damascus governorate has formed specialized directorate in
managing solid waste while waste management in ( Aleppo,
Homs , Lattakia ,Hama , Tartous ,and others cities ) is done by
cleaning department follow to the president of city council
directly or to health affairs directorate .

14.
14
Technical state
of solid waste management
Produced quantity of solid waste varies according
to the population and the economical activities in
Syrian units.
Damascus and Aleppo are considered the most
generated cities for waste , each city produce
more than 1000 tones daily.
Each person in Syria produce about ½ k.g daily.
Almost waste are collected through more than one
shift daily.

15.
15
1400
800
405
330
270
230
200
140
137
115
8580806563
326
1400
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
D
am
as
A
lepp
o
H
om
s
L
attakia
R
akka
H
am
a
D
eirzo
r
T
arto
us
G
arm
an
a
Id
leb
D
aria
H
asaka
D
araa
H
arsta
S
w
eid
a
M
an
b
eg
G
ab
la
Quantity of produced solid
waste in some cities in Syria

16.
16
Analysis of solid waste
(percentage) 2002
metal
1.7%
organic
53.8%
plastic
13.4%
others
8.5%
bon
0.6%
glass
1.7%
papper
15.9%
textile
4.4%
Damascus

17.
17
Aleppo
57%
14%
13%
0%
1% 7%
0%
4%
4%
organic
plastic
papper
dust
metal
glass
wood
textile
others
Analysis of solid waste
(percentage) 2002

18.
18
DARAA
64%6%
5%
3%
7%
5%
3% 3% 4%
organic
plastic
papper
dust
metal
glass
wood
textile
others
Analysis of solid waste
(percentage) 2002

19.
19
Transfer station
Damascus
Produced solid
wastes are
transferred to
landfills directly
except Damascus
and Aleppo
Transfer station
Aleppo

20.
20
Medical
waste
collection
separately
in Damascus

21.
21
Private sector
participation
in solid waste
management

22.
22
Landfills state
in the Syrian administrative units
The common way to get rid of solid waste is to throw
it irregular landfills .
Some cities cover wastes by soil.
There are fences around landfills of Damascus ,Homs
, and Idleb only.
.

23.
23
Final landfill
of Damascus
before
rehabilitation

24.
24
Rehabilitation
of Damascus
Landfill

25.
25
Final
landfill in
Homs
Before
rehabilitatio
n

26.
26
Rehabilitation
of Homs
landfill

27.
27
Idleb landfill

28.
28
Lattakia
landfill
before
rehabilitation

29.
29
Rehabilitation
of lattakia
landfill

30.
30
The first
sanitary
landfill in
Syria
Deir alzoor

31.
31
Alhasaka
Landfills
in Syria
Alkamishli

32.
32
Landfills
in
Damascus
countryside
DeiratiaZabadani
Jdaidetartooz

33.
33
Rehabilitation
of Damascus
countryside
landfill in
Rakhla

34.
34
Damascus
countryside
landfill
(Albajja)
before
rehabilitation

35.
35
Rehabilitation
of Albajja
landfill in
Damascus
countryside

36.
36
Composting plant in Damascus

37.
37
Composting
plant in
Lattakia
(stopped)

38.
38
Composting
plant in
Hama
(stopped)

39.
39
Composting plant
project
in Salamia
(under construction)
50 tones daily

40.
40
Sorting plant
In Damascus
countryside
Ever clean
company

41.
41
Medical
waste
incinerators
in
Damascus

42.
42
Medical
waste
incinerator
in Almiadeen
Almiadeen
city

43.
43
The financial of solid waste management
The administrative units depend on cleaning fees to finance
solid waste management ,
this fees are ( 75 – 500 ) s.p per house.
All this fees cover only a small part of collecting and
disposing of the waste budget so this units almost depend on
there common budget

44.
44
685000
385115
111428
119900
88112
18041
19417
23007
3240
35200
34900
0
100000
200000
300000
400000
500000
600000
700000
800000
D
am
as
A
leppo
H
om
s
Lattakia
H
am
a
D
araa
Sw
eida
Idleb
R
akka
D
erzor
H
asaka
Costs of solid waste in some
cities (thousands S.P)

45.
45
67888
43792
64500
4950
3390
4029
723
2630
3000
1987
1370
603
322
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
D
am
as
A
leppo
H
om
s
H
am
a
Lttakia
Tartous
D
araa
H
asaka
R
akka
Idleb
D
erzor
S
w
eida
G
ram
ana
Incomes of slid waste in some
cities (thousands S.P)

46.
46
Un cooperation of
inhabitants cause
many problems for
collection of wastes
Awareness
campaigns are not
enough to increase
cooperation of
inhabitants

47.
47
The legislation for solid waste management
1- Decisions of local councils
2- Environment low no 50 /2002 /
3- General guideline for medical waste
4- Book of general conditions for facilities of solid waste
treatment
5- Financial low no 1 / 1994 /
6- Low of cleanliness and beauty of administrative units
7- Hazardous waste management system

48.
48
MINISTRY OF LOCAL
ADMINISTRATION AND
ENVIRONMENT