crystallization

1. PRESNTED BY: AMAN SINGH PATEL
(2nd SEMESTER m.pharm)
Guided by : DR. pallavi Tiwari
(assistant professor)
department : PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY
subject : Advanced organic chemistry – II
TOPIC: Crystallization

2. Contents
.Introduction
.Types
.Process
.Factors affecting crystallization
.Application

3. l
Crystallization-
.Crystallization is a technique used for the purification of
substances. A separation technique to separate solids from a
solution.
.It is a physical change.

4. Examples of Crystallization-
. Some common examples of crystallization are listed below:
.The crystallization of water forms ice cubes and snow.
.The crystallization of honey when it is placed in a jar and exposed to suitable
conditions.
.The deposition of gemstone crystals

5. Types Of Crystallization
There are three types of crystallization and these types are based on the methods of
formation of crystals. These types are as follows:
1. Evaporative Crystallization: In this type of crystallization, the crystals are formed
by heating the solution which contains the solvent and soluble component. This is one
of the most commonly used methods and is used to form crystals from inorganic salts,
sucrose, etc.
2. Cooling Crystallization: In this type of crystallization, the liquid which is to be
crystallized, is cooled to such a temperature which is below the equilibrium solubility is
usually when the temperature increases, the solubility of a liquid also increases. So,
when it is cooled to a temperature that is below the equilibrium solubility, it forms
crystals.
3. Reactive Crystallization Or Precipitation: In this type of crystallization, the crystals
are formed from a solute which is formed when its reactants react. This process of
crystallization is faster than any other type of crystallization as the reaction process is
quick.

6. Crystallization Process

8. Application of Crystallization
•Purification of drug
•Ease for handling
•Improved physical stability
•Improved bioavailability
•Manufacturing of pure API by high yield