Done by "Lumiere" group at Al-Arqam academy . under supervision from Al-Bairaq

1. AL-Bairaq
I am Discovering Materials
Manipulation of light in Nano World
LUMIERE
Amna Sadiq Kaltham Alfakhroo
Rawdha Alkhalaf Reem Altaher

2. Outline:
– Background on Light.
– Activities :
• ACTIVITY 1: LIGHTS AND THEIR SPECTRUM.
• ACTIVITY 2: DIFFRACTION
– Part A: Diffraction in Water Waves.
– Part B :Diffraction Simulation.
– Part C: Diffraction of light through openings
• ACTIVITY 3: INTERFERENCE
– Part A: Making Interference Transparent.
– Part B : Two Slit Simulation.
• ACTIVITY 4: OBSERVING IRIDESCENCE
– Part A: Nail Polish.
– Part B : Compact Disk.
– Part C: Peacock Feather.
– Part D: Soap Film
– Part E: Two Colors at Once
– Design product: Qatar in light

3. Introduction
Light is electromagnetic radiation within a
certain portion of the electromagnetic
spectrum. The word usually refers to
visible light, which is visible to the human
eye and is responsible for the sense of
sight.

4. Activity 1: light and their spectrum
Objective: To make our own spectroscope,
and test it to see spectrums of different
sources of light.
Materials: we needed to make a
Spectroscope: tape; black cardboard paper;
CD; scissors; 2 cardboard tubes and
different light sources.
• We started by scratching off the first
layer off the CD without damaging the
surface. In order to not ruin the surface,
we used tape
• We cut two circles out of the black
cardboard. We deliberately made the
circles larger than the tube as it would be
easier to stick on the tube. Before
attaching it, we slit the circles and each
slit was of a different size.
• After making the spectroscopes we
positioned the it in front of the different
light sources (Florescent, White LED,
Red LED) and saw the results.
• Fluorescent light showed a discrete
spectrum while incandescent light
showed a continuous spectrum

5. Activity 2: observing diffraction
part A: diffraction in water wave
Objective: To observe diffraction of
water waves as they pass through a
slit.
• We did that by filing a plastic
container with water and
carefully placing blocks to form
a barrier with a small slit in the
middle.
• We dunked a wooden stick
rapidly into the water and
observed how it formed straight
waves but once the waves
crossed the barrier, the formed a
semi circular pattern

6. Activity 2: observing diffraction
part A: diffraction in water wave
Objective: To observe diffraction of
water waves as they pass through a
slit.
Results:
• Diffraction was more clear when
the size of the slit was small. As
we increased the slit width,
diffraction was diminished.

7. Activity 2: observing diffraction
part B: diffraction simulation
Objective: Observing the
diffraction of light through
a slit using a simulator
• We watched a video
that explained how
diffraction of waves
changes with different
numbers of holes and
sizes.
• Most visible diffraction
was seen when the slit
width was almost equal
to half the wavelength.

8. Activity 2: observing diffraction
part C: diffraction of light through opening
Objective: observing light
diffraction through a
single slit
• We applied what we
saw from the video on
light waves. We did that
by using a light source
(Florescent, White LED)
behind a aluminum foil
sheet. We also tried it
with different holes
sizes.

9. Activity 3: observing interference
part A: Making interference
transparent
Objective: Observe
interference (constructive and
destructive waves).using a
transparent sheet.
• We used transparent plastic
sheets with black circles to
inspect and investigate
constructive and destructive
waves. We also tried it out
with different colored
backgrounds for the results
to be clearer.

10. Activity 3: observing interference
part B: two slits experiment
Objective: Observing the diffraction of light
through two slits.
• The interference of waves caused the creation
of dark areas and bright light areas.

11. Activity 4: observing iridescence
• Objective: To
observe
iridescence in
different
objects.

12. Activity 4: observing iridescence
• iridescence: is
due to thin film
interference or the
structural features of
the object itself.

13. Qatar in light
We thought of a box, a box that
will hold the meaning of the
Manipulation of Light and our loyalty
for our homeland. At the end, this
could be created to show what Qatar
is and encourage foreigners to know
more about Qatar.

14. Materials and Method
The module will be composed from two boxes,
a small one and a slightly larger one. Inside the
small box will be a lamp and each side of the
cube will describe a part of our culture and
symbols of our country through carving. The
large box will act as the projector that all the
symbols will be projected onto. It could be used
as a way to show the simple icons of our
country, such as the meaning behind the Oryx
and what is it’s relationship with us.

15. Results and Recommendations
Our product “Qatar in light” could be
created to show what Qatar is and could
be used as a tourist attraction in
museums and during Qatar's national
days celebration.

16. Conclusions
Throughout this journey, we gained skills
like: teamwork; displaying and
introducing our ideas to the world and
to assimilate the characteristics and
properties of light. During the workshop
week, we thought of ideas for our final
project . Our ideas were both scientific
and artistic.

17. Acknowledgment
Thanks to UNESCO, Qatar National
Commission, Shell, and Center for Advanced
Materials, Qatar University.
We would also like to thank our teachers who
helped us throughout all of this, Ms. Eman and
Ms. Enas. In addition to our teachers, our
friends and family who supported us when we
almost gave up.