This document outlines 10 different methods for collecting data in educational research: journals/diaries, document collection, field notes, interviews/discussions, stimulated recall, classroom diagrams/maps, think aloud, self report, questionnaire, and observations. Journals are written for public consumption while diaries are private. Field notes describe observed events. Interviews involve planned or unplanned verbal interactions. Stimulated recall uses previous data to prompt participant responses. Think aloud asks participants to express thoughts. Self report involves participants reporting their teaching and learning. Questionnaires can be self-administered or interviewer-administered. Observations can be real-time, audio recorded, video recorded, or transcribed.

1. ABDULKADIR ABDULRAHIM

2. 1. JOURNAL/DIARIES
Journal: is a daily record that is written in
order to be read in public.
Diary: is essentially private document that
is written for personal use.

3. 2. DOCUMENT
COLLECTION

4. 3. FIELD NOTES
The description and accounts of observed events,
including non-verbal information, physical setting,
interaction between the participants.

5. 4.
INTERVIEWS/DISCUSSIONS
This a planned/unplanned or a structured face
to face verbal interaction.

6. 5. STIMULATED RECALL
 Using previous recorded or transcribed
data to prompt responses from
participants on actions, feelings,
thoughts, beliefs, following events being
researched.
 The researcher or the teacher stops the
videotape at useful interval in order to
inquire about the thinking going on at
that moment.

7. 6. CLASSROOM DIAGRAMS &
MAPS

8. 7. THINK ALOUD
 This is the situation whereby the
participants are asked to express their
thoughts aloud.

9. 8. SELF REPORT
 A process in which participants are
asked to report to others, how they go
about teaching and learning (usually
through an interview).

10. 9. QUESTIONNAIRE
 Self administered
questionnaire.
 Interviewer administered
questionnaire

11. 10. OBSERVATIONS
 Real Time Observation.
 Recording
1. Audio taping
2. Videotaping
 Transcription
1. Making & transcribing audio recordings.
2. Making & transcribing video recordings.

12. Any difficult QUESTION must
have answer…
So ask me…

13. Thank you for being
awesome audience.