The document discusses various techniques for solid waste disposal and treatment including dumping, landfilling, composting, incineration, and recycling. Landfilling techniques include trench, ramp, and area methods. Composting can be done through various methods like Bangalore, mechanical, and vermicomposting. Incineration reduces waste volume by combustion and has different types like refuse-derived fuel and mass burn. Recycling processes used materials into new products to reduce consumption of raw materials and pollution. Common materials recycled include metals like steel and tin cans, and paper products.
CCS335 _ Neural Networks and Deep Learning Laboratory_Lab Complete Record
Solid waste disposal and treatment
1. Solid Waste Disposal & Treatment
Abdul Majid (5961)
Aizaz Hussain (5959)
Hasnain Khan (5956)
Department of Civil Engineering
Abasyn University Peshawar
2. Plan of Presentation
Introduction to waste disposal
Techniques of waste disposal
oDumping
oLandfill
oComposting
oIncineration
Recylcing
3. Proper disposition of a discarded or discharged material in accordance with local environmental
guidelines or laws”. (BUSINESS DICTIONARY)
Mid-1950s era was emphasis on a disposable life style.
•Wave of the future
•Way to reduce household duties.
Introduction to Waste Disposal
6. Dumping
Refuse is dumped in low lying areas.
As a result of bacterial action, refuse
decreases considerably in volume and is
converted gradually into humus.
Drawback: is exposed to files and
Rodents.
Pollution of surface and ground water.
7. Land Fill
Different types like:-
•Trench Method: Used for leveled ground, 2-3m deep and 4-12m wide.
•Refuse is compacted and covered with excavated earth.
•Ramp Method: Well suited where terrain is moderately sloping.
•Small excavations are usually done.
•Area Method: Filling land depressions.
•2-2.5m deep. Each layer is sealed at least 30cm
9. Method of combined disposal of refuse and night soil or sludge.
Composting
Organic
Matter
Bacterial
Action
Humus like
material
Manurial
value for soil
10. 3 types:
1. Bangalore Method: Anaerobic composting; also called “Hot fermentation process.
Composting
13. Incineration
Solid organic wastes are subjected to combustion so as to convert them into residue and gaseous
products.
Applied where suitable landfill site is not available.
Reduce size of SW to 20-30% of the original vol.
Disadvantage: Air Pollution
14. Incinerator types−
•Refuse-Derived Fuel : Refuse is sorted to remove recyclable and unburnable materials.
•Mass Burn : Everything smaller than major furniture and appliances loaded into furnace.
Incineration
15. Recycle is processing of used materials into new products.
It reduce−
Consumption of fresh raw materials
Energy usage
Pollution
Recycling
16. Recycling of Solid Waste
Recycling refers to the collection and reprocess of waste materials.
Many of the materials we consider as waste can actually be reprocessed and used for
recycling for new products in order to protect our environment and our planet.
Materials for recycling may be collected separately from general waste using
dedicated bins.
17. What we can Recycle
Metals
o Recycling steel and tin cans saves 74% of the energy used to produce them.
Paper
o Recycling of waste paper/Newspaper
o used to produce
otissue paper, paperboard,
ostationery, magazines and
o other paper products.