2. WHAT IS SOLID WASTE?
โข Solid or semi-solid waste material
(including gases and liquids in containers)
which are non soluble in nature are solid
waste.
โข It may be hazardous or not and includes
agricultural refuse, demolition waste,
industrial waste, mining residues,
municipal garbage and sewage sludge.
6. Solid Waste in India
โข 7.2 million tonnes of hazardous waste generated per year
โข One Sq km of additional landfill area reqiured every-year
โข Rs 1600 crore for treatment & disposal of these wastes
โข In addition to this industries discharge about 150 million
tonnes of high volume low hazard waste every year,
which is mostly dumped on open low lying land areas.
Source: Estimate of Ministry of Environment & Forest
7. Growth of Solid Waste In India
โข Waste is growing by leaps & bounds
โข In 2002-2012, population of Mumbai increased from 8.2
million to 12.3 million
โข During the same period, municipal solid waste has grown
from 3200 tonnes to 5355 tonne, an increase of 67%
โข Waste collection is very low for all Indian cities
โข City like Bangalore produces 2000 tonnes of waste per
annum, the ever increasing waste has put pressure on
hygienic condition of the city
Source: The Energy & Resources Institute, New Delhi
8. How solid waste affected us in past years?
โข Cloudburst in Mumbai clogged the sewage line
due to large number of plastic bags
โข Stray animals dying on streets and farmland due
to consumption of plastic bags, which blocks the
food movement in their stomach
โข Reduction in the number of birds due to
consumption of hazardous waste
9. Major Polluting Industries in India
โข Around 2500 tanneries discharge 24 million
cubic metre of waste water containing high
level of dissolved solids and 4,00,000
tonnes of hazardous solid waste
โข Thermal power plants and around 300
distilleries discharge huge waste materials
which are disposed without proper
treatment.
10. Waste Collection in India
โข Primarily by the city municipality
-Collection of waste product eg glasses, polybags, paper
shreds etc
-Dump these wastes to the city outskirts
โข Local rag pickers
-Collecting glass bottles
-Collecting paper for recycling
โข Sophisticated Waste Management
(By Waste Management vehicle)
-Collecting bio-degradable and non bio degradable waste
separately
12. Managing Waste
Recycling: Processing of a waste item into usable forms.
Benefits of recycling:
-Reduce environmental degradation
-Making money out of waste
-Save energy that would have gone into waste handling &
product manufacture
Saving through recycling:
-When Al is resmelted- considerable saving in cost
-Making paper from waste saves 50% energy
-Every tonne of recycled glass saves energy equivalent to
100 litres of oil
13.
14. OPEN DUMPING
๏ถ They are in open areas
๏ถ Minimum effort and expense
๏ถ Unsanitary and smelly
๏ถ Vermin and pests breed there
๏ถ Contaminate soil, water and air
๏ถ Chances of fire hazard
๏ถ Therefore it is not much preferred
15.
16. SANITARY LANDFILLS
๏ถSanitary landfills have largely replaced
open dumps.
๏ถEach day trash is spread in thin layers
๏ถIt is then compacted down
๏ถCovered with a soil layer
๏ถGraded for drainage
17.
18. INCENARATION
๏ถIncineration is a waste treatment process
that involves the combustion of solid waste
at 1000 degree celsius.
๏ถwaste materials are converted into ash, flue
gas, and heat.
๏ถThe ash is mostly formed by the inorganic
constituents of the waste and gases due to
organic waste.
๏ถthe heat generated by incineration is used to
generate electric power.
20. OCEAN DUMPING
๏ถOcean dumping is the dumping or placing
of materials in the ocean, often on the
continental shelf in specially designed
containers.
๏ถA wide range of materials are involved,
including garbage, construction and
demolition debris, sewage sludge, dredge
material, waste chemicals, and nuclear
waste.
21. BIOLOGICAL REPROCESSING
๏ถMaterials such as plants, food scraps, and
paper products can be decomposed into the
organic matter.
๏ถThe organic matter that is produced from
this type of recycling can then be used for
such things as landscaping purpose or
agricultural uses.
๏ถUsually this method of recycling is done by
putting the materials in a container and let
to stay there until it decomposes.
22. PLASMA GASIFICATION
๏ถPlasma gasification is a new garbage
disposal solution using plasma technology.
๏ถUses electrical energy and the high
temperatures (4000ยฐC to over 7000ยฐC)
created by an plasma torches.
๏ถAlmost completely breaks down the waste
into syngas which are used to generate
electricity.
๏ถThe remaining material (slag) is used to
produced material for building projects
23. OUR CONTRIBUTION
๏ถReduce paper waste
๏ถSwitch to reusable transport containers.
๏ถReuse furniture and supplies such as
envelopes, file folders etc
๏ถ Use durable towels, tablecloths, napkins,
dishes, cups, and glasses
๏ถDonate/Exchange:
old books,old clothes,old computers,excess
building materials,old equipment to local
organizations