2. Introduction
• Mechatronics is an interdisciplinary area of engineering
that combines mechanical and electrical engineering and
computer science.
• A typical mechatronic system picks up signals from the
environment, processes them to generate output signals,
transforming them for example into forces, motions and
actions.
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4. • mechatronics = mechanics + electronics + computing
• Mechatronics applications of the PIC or any embedded
systems mainly involves driving motors(like stepper motors,
DC motor, servo motors etc.),interfacing displays(like LCD or
LED),interfacing sensors etc.
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5. Interfacing examples for Mechatronicsusing
PIC microcontroller.
• Interfacing DC motor
1)The DC motor is normally interfaced using an H-bridge.
2) The motor is such connected that the arrangement of switches will decide
the direction of the motor’s shaft rotation.
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6. Interfacing Stepper Motor
1)Stepper motor is motor useful for moving things in small
increments.
2)The step sizes range from 0.9° to 30 °.
3)A stepper motor is stepped from one position to the next by
changing the current through the fields in the motor.
4)The PIC port provides very less current .Hence it is not able to
drive the stepper motor coils.
Fig: Stepper motor
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7. Figure: Darlington pair transistor s to drive stepper motor coils
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9. Step A B C D
1 1 0 0 1 =09H
2 1 0 1 0 =0AH
3 0 1 1 0 =06H
4 0 1 0 1 =05H
There are two possible step modes
Mode 1:Full stepping L
In this case the motor moves by one step (the step size may vary
from 0.9° to 30° depending on the motor),to do this 2 bits are
changed at a time ,bit patterns are as follows:
Mode 2: Half stepping
In this case the motor moves by 0.9°, to do this 1 bit is
changed at a time
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10. Temperature sensor LM35
1)Temperature is the most measured process variable in industrial automation.
2)Temperature sensor is used to convert temperature value to an electrical value.
3) Temperature sensors are the key to read temperatures correctly and to control
temperature in industrial applications.
4)The LM34 is precision integrated circuit temperature sensors, whose output
voltage is linearly proportional to the Fahrenheit temperature.
5)The LM35 is precision integrated circuit temperature sensors, whose output
voltage is linearly proportional to the Celsius temperature.
6) The output of the pin of the LM35 sensor can be connected to the ADC of the
PIC microcontroller and hence measure the temperature.
•
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12. Multiple Choice Questions:
Sr.
no.
Question OptionA Option B Option C Option D Answer
1 The sequence of the 4-
bits to be given for full
stepping in a stepper
motor is______.
09H,0AH,06H,
05H
09H,06H,05H,
0AH
0AH,09H,06H,0
5H
05H,06H,09H,
0AH
A
2 DC motor is interfaced
with_____
H-bridge D-bridge A-bridge z-bridge A
3 Temperature sensor is
used to
Measure tempe
rature
convert
temperature
value to an
electrical value
BothAand B None C
4 In half stepping
stepper motor moves
by-----
0.9 degree 0 to 90 degree 0 to 180 degree all A
5 In half stepping
stepper motor moves
by-----
0.9 degree 0 .9 to 30
degree
0 to 180 degree all B
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