To purify water collected from Kallada river and Munroe island using modified sand filter.

1. MODIFIED SAND FILTER UNIT
FOR SURFACE WATER
TREATMENT
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ASWIN SANKAR P (B17CHA15)
MOHAMMED HAFIS V A (B17CHA32)
ANAGHA M.S (B17CHA63)
AMAL THOMAS (B17CHA66)
Guided by :
Prof. Al Ameen A

2. Aim
• Design project to purify water collected from Kallada river and Munroe
island using modified sand filter.
• To test this water before and after filtration by following parametres.
1. pH
2. Acidity
3. Total hardness
4. TSS
5. TDS
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3. Sand filter
• Used for removal of suspended matter,
floating and sinkable particles.
• Particles are removed by absorption
or physical encapsulation.
• The system is easy and simple in
construction.
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4. FILTER MEDIA
Straw
4
charcoal
Fine sandPebbles and
Gravels

5. Construction
• Sand, gravel and pebbles preparation.
• Collection and preparation of straw and charcoal.
• Construction of with inlet, diffuser lid and collection tank with outlet.
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6. Layout
▪ An apparatus is made by using charcoal, fine sand, pebbles and
gravel as the filter media and contaminated water is passed
through this filter media.
▪ After a certain time interval, pure water is obtained from the
bottom which is of better quality.
▪ A distributor, inlet and collection tank with outlet is also provided
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7. 7
Sand filter unit Layer of filter media

8. Sand
• For the removal of suspended matter – floating and sinkable particles.
(adsorption or physical encapsulation)
Charcoal
• To remove poisonous substances fom raw water
• Remove chlorine content effectively
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9. Straw
• Functional groups present in the straw have high affinity for heavy metal
complexes.
• Biosorbent
Gravel & Pebbles
• Used to support sand and other filter media and permits the filtered water to
move freely to the underdrains
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10. Operation of sand filter
• Effluent is allowed to enter the inlet chamber of the filter unit.
• Water percolates through the filter media and gets purified.
• The water comes out through the gravel as filtered water.
• The filtered water gets collected in the collection tank.
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11. WATER ANALYSIS
1. pH Value
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pH value Kallada river Munroe
Before
filtration
7 9
After filtration 7 8

12. WATER ANALYSIS
12
Acidity value(mg/
l of CaCO3)
Kallada river Munroe
Before filtration 15 40
After filtration 13 26
2. Acidity

13. WATER ANALYSIS
13
Total hardness
value (ppm of
CaCO3)
Kallada river Munroe
Before filtration 159 176
After filtration 130 138
3.Total Hardness

14. WATER ANALYSIS
14
TSS(mg/l) Kallada river Munroe
Before filtration 5 3
After filtration 0 0
4. Total Suspended Solids(TSS):
▪ Done by weighing suspended particles in dried filter paper after
filtering through it.

15. WATER ANALYSIS
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TDS (mg/l) Kallada river Munroe
Before filtration 2.1 3
After filtration 0.5 0.7
5.Total Dissolved Solids(TDS):
▪ Done by weighing filtrate from TSS experiment after whole water is evaporated.

16. Conclusions
• Made from used materials.
• The results from water analysis shows that it is a promising technology which
can be used for domestic purposes.
• Standing water height and effective size of filter media materials are key
determinant factors for good sand filter performance.
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17. Reference
• Saranya U, Dr. Lancelet T.S. Asian Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 09, Issue, 07,
pp.8331-8335, July, 2018
• ASCE (1991). Slow sand filtration. Logsdon, G.S. (Ed). American Society of Civil
Engineers, New York, USA.
• Coulson, J. M.; Richardson, J. F.; Backhurst, J. R., Harker, J. H. (1991). Chemical
Engineering. Vol.2, 4th ed
• Enas M. AbouTaleb , Ahmed Abd El-Aziz, Innovative Method to improve the Efficiency
of Combined Wastewater Treatment Plant International Journal of ChemTech Research
CODEN(USA): IJCRGG ISSN: 0974-4290 Vol.8, No.11, pp 26-35,2015
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