1. RELATIVECLAUSES
1. Relative clauses are subordinateclauses.
2. Are introduced by a Relative Pronoun or adverb:
Who, Which, That, Whose, Where, When
3. Relative Pronouns/adverbs substitutethe NOUNthey follow. The NOUN can be the
Subjector Direct Objectof the subordinateclause.
WHO = For people (Subject/
Object)
WHERE = PLACES
WHICH =THINGS and ANIMALS WHEN = TIME
THAT = 1- Substitutes Which/ who
in defining relative clauses.
WHOSE= INDICATES POSESSION
WHY
4. Defining Relative clause: Itgives important or necessary information essentialto the
meaning of the main sentence. Itis not put in commas. Itis introduced with a relative
pronoun or adverb. The relative pronoun can be omitted when is the OBJECT
Example:
*The girl who lives here is very nice. (There might be more than one girl but the one
who lives here is the nice one). Who is the Subjectof the Relative clause.
** The girl who I saw lastweek is very nice / The girl I saw last week is very nice.
Who is the Objectof the relative clause.
5. Non-defining Relative Clauses: Itgives extra information and is not essential to the
meaning of the main sentence. Itis put in commas and introduced with a relative
pronoun or adverb. The relative pronoun cannotbe omitted.
“The girl, who worea black dress, is very nice” (there is probably ONE girl)
6. Who / which / That CAN be omitted when they are the OBJECT (DO ) of the relative
clause ( subordinate)
Example: The girl ( that ) Maria saw is very intelligent / The girl Maria saw is very
intelligent ( both are correct)
7. Who/ which / that CANNOT be omitted when they are the subjectof the relative
clause.
Example: The girl who boughtme the present is very intelligent / The girl bought me
the presentis very intelligent ** (notcorrect)
8. WHOSEis never omitted. Itexpresses possession.
Example: She’s the woman whosehusband had an accident.
2. Do the following exercises:
A. Copy the sentences below and answer the questions:
a. He will never forget the place wherehe lost her dog.
b. My neighbor, whosebike is black, boughtme an ice-cream.
c. My neighbor whosebike is black bought me an ice-cream.
d. I met her that day when we moved to the neighborhood.
e. The book which Maria gave me is very interesting.
Also: The book that Maria gave me…
f. There were a few comics that I wanted to read.
g. The woman who helped me last week has come to visit me.
B.
1. Underline the SubordinateClause ( _____) and Relative Pronoun/adverb ( _ _ _ _)
.
2. What Noun does the Relative Pronoun/adverb substitutein the Main clause?
3. Is the Relative Clause Defining or Non-Defining?
C. What is the difference between sentence B and C?
