Power point presentation

1. DURGAPUR INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY AND
MANAGEMENT
BATCH 2015-2019..
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

2. PRESENTED BY…
• SHIV SHANKAR PRASAD – (ME/15/103)
• ABHINAV ASHUTOSH – (ME/15/112)
• SANTOSH VISHWAKARMA – (ME/15/115)
• MD SHAKIL AHMAD – (ME/15/118)
• KESHRI NANDAN – (ME/15/113)
• VED PRAKASH THAKUR – (ME/15/110)
• VISHAL TIWARI – (ME/15/111)
• AMIT SINGH – (ME/15/104)

3. GREEN COAL TECHNOLOGY

4. INTRODUCTION
Green coal technology is a collection of technologies being developed
to attempt to help lessen the environmental impact of coal energy
generation.
Green coal technology usually addresses atmospheric problems
resulting from burning coal.
Green coal technology helps to mitigate worldwide climate change.

5. GREEN COAL TECHNOLOGIES
GREEN Coal Technologies are
defined as ‘technologies designed to
enhance:
Efficiency of conversion
Environmental acceptability of coal
extraction, preparation and use.

6. POWER SCENARIO IN INDIA

7. DEMAND PROJECTION
YEAR 2012 CAPACITY ADDITION BY SECTORS
• Central 46,500 MW
• State & IPP 41,800 MW
• NCES 10,700 MW
• Nuclear 6,400 MW
• Total 105,400 MW
YEAR 2020 MIX OF GENERATION
• Thermal 326,000MW
• Renewable & Hydro 104,000 MW
• Nuclear 20,000 MW
• Total 450,000 MW

8. INDIA AMONGST TOP SIX EMITTERS
OF CO2
Country Total emission Percentage of
(Million Tonnes of CO2) world emission
USA 5470 24%
China 3121 14%
Russian Federation 1456 6%
Japan 1173 5%
Germany 884 4%
India 881 4%

9. VISION 2020
PROGRAM
Post combustion Clean-up-
Desulfurization
(FGC systems) Supercritical
In-combustion Clean-up
Fluidized bed
combustion (CFBC,
PFBC, AFBC)
Gasification using +
fluidized bed, moving bed
or Entrained bed Gasifiers
Pre combustion Clean-
up beneficiation/washing
Technologies for utilization of Coal for Power Generation with minimal
pollutants discharged to the atmosphere (Reduced CO2, Sox, Nox,
SPM) at high conversion efficiency……….World Coal Institute.
CLEAN COAL
TECHNOLOGIES

10. GREEN COAL TECHNOLOGIES
• Mining Management & Practices
(Reduction of Extraneous
material)
• Coal Preparation Process after mining to improve
inherent & Extraneous material
(washing & beneficiation)
• Conversion Technologies IGCC and PFBC
• Post combustion cleaning Particulate and gaseous
pollutants removal
(Environmental requirement)

11. IGCC TECHNOLOGY ...
• Gasification of coal is the cleanest way of utilization of coal.
• With the help of this technology, power generation offers the
benefits of very low emissions and efficiencies of the order of
44-48%.
• The comparative indices show that in case of IGCC, emission of
particulate, NOx and SOx are:
7.1%, 20% and 16%, respectively, of the
corresponding emissions from PC plant.

12. IGCC ...
• Three major areas of technology that will contribute to
improvements in IGCC are :
 hot gas de-sulfurisation
 hot gas particulate removal
 advanced turbine systems

13. Gasifier
Raw Gas
Cooler
Combustion
Chamber
Comp. Turb.
Alternator
Air
COAL
Ash
Exhaust
Gases
Condenser
WHB
Alternator
ST
Air
Fuel
Steam
Gas
Clean Up
Booster
Steam
IGCC

14. DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS FOR IGCC
• To utilize India’s low grade coal for power generation with
improved plant efficiency.
• To introduce coal gas in Natural Gas based Combined
Cycle Plants in a phased manner.
• To increase power generation capacity at the level of
present emission.
• To develop state of Art Technology for Indigenous and
Export Markets.

15. IGCC DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM IN INDIA
MAJOR MILE STONES:
• Choice of gasification for high ash coals by BHEL
• 6.2 MW IGCC demonstration plant established by BHEL both with
Moving Bed and Fluidized Bed.
• Coal Characterization by BHEL & IICT for gasification application.
• Intensive data generated by IICT on oxygen-steam gasification in their
Moving Bed gasifier.
• Task force CEA, CSIR, NTPC & BHEL constituted to assess
technological maturity & Financial requirement for a green field IGCC
plant of 100 MW capacity at Dadri (NTPC).
• BHEL, CSIR & NTPC prepared proposal for setting up of this 100 MW
IGCC demonstration plant.

16. • Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion (CFBC)
technology has selectively been applied in India
for firing high sulphur refinery residues, lignite,
etc.
CFBC Technology is superior to PC Power Plant
Technology:
• Lower NOx formation and the ability to capture
SO2 with limestone injection the furnace.
Circulating fluidized Bed Combustion

17. Steam to Super Heater
Cyclone
Furnace
Coal Feed
Hopper
Ash Cooler
Back-Pass
ESP
External
Heat-Exchanger
HPAir
Circulating Fluidised Bed Boiler

18. • Good combustion efficiencies comparable to PC Power
Plants.
• The heat transfer coefficient of the CFB furnace is
nearly double that of PC which makes the furnace
compact.
• Fuel Flexibility: The CFB can handle a wide range of
fuels such as inferior coal, washery rejects, lignite,
anthracite, petroleum coke and agricultural waste with
lower heating.
Circulating fluidized Bed Combustion

19. CONCLUSION
• The future of green coal technologies is bright and they will definitely
play a key role in global efforts of reduction in environmental impact
of power generation.
• The clean coal technologies offer: more efficient power generation
and cleaner power generation (reduction in GHG emission).
• The recent developments in clean coal technologies have been very
encouraging and have increased possibility of reaching ‚near-zero–
emission power generation.