RESOURCES AND SERVICES IN EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY

4. Introduction
Education Technology has the potential to provide equal
opportunities in several ways. According to Means and Olson
access to educational technology at school can give students
from low income homes , where there is little or no access to
technology, “a needed edge to compete with children from
more affluent homes where technology is common place in
other words we can say that guaranteeing access for all
classrooms to affordable educational technology in order to
achieve curricular goals makes it possible to begin to address
the inequities that exist among schools.

5. Grabe and grabe note that technology in the
form of telecommunications allow access to
people access to interactive services through
online discussion groups, interactive conference
and interactive tutorials and access to files
through online databases, library holdings texts
and graphic files on the internet.

6. Theoretical Overview
 Satellite Instructional Television Experiment (SITE)
The Satellite instructional Television Experiment or
SITE was an experimental Satellites communications
project launched in India in 1975 by National aeronautics
and space administration (NASA), USA and ISRO. SITE
made available informational Television to rural India by
various international agencies such as UNDP, UNESCO,
UNICEF, ITU. It plays a major role in helping develop
India’s own Satellite Programe, INSAT.

7. SITE(1975)

8. The programmes under the SITE were classified into 2 categories
a) Educational Television (ETV)
b) Instructional Television (ITV)
ETV programs mainly focused on School Children in the
age group of 5-12 years. It makes the education more
interesting creative purposive and stimulating and also
create awareness in the changing society
ITV is mainly for adult Audience and cover incidents of
national importance improved practices in agriculture,
health, hygiene, family planning, Nutritions etc and some
recreation programme.

9. The programmes were Telecaste for 4 hours each day in
two transmitions. The programmes were produced after
categorizing the target audience in to 4 groups. Such as
Hindi, Oria, Telugu and Kannada. The SITE was
operated for one fall year from August 1975 July 1976
and covered six states.

10. Objectives of SITE
1. Gain experience in the development, testing and management
of Satallite based instructional TV system particularly in rural
areas.
2. Demonstrate the potential value of satellite technology in the
rapid development of effective communication in the
developing countries
3. Democrate the value of Satallite broadcaste TV in the
practical instruction of village inhabitants
4. Stimulate national development in India with monogerial
economics technological Social implication
SITE was more effective than all other media. It was more attractive to
female audience

11. Gyan-Darsan Educational Channel
Gyan-Darsan is launched by ministry of
Human resource development, information and
broadcasting, Prasar Bharti and Igno in 26thJanuary
2000 as the exclusive educational daily test
transmission channel for students of open and
conventional Universities. The time was further
increase due to good response up to 19 hours within
1 year it became non-stop daily 24 hours
transmission channel for educational programmes..

12. The programme constitute 23 hours indigenous
programmes and 1 hour foreign programmes.
Curriculam based and enrichment programmes
telecasted for 24 hours. And 4 hours for 1 GNO
CIET-NCERT , 3 hours for IIT 2 and half hours for
CEC-UGC and 1 hour each for TTTI and adult
education. It has been used extensively in
conventional and distant education format.

14. EDUSAT (EducationSatellite)
Edusat was launched by Indian space research
Organization on 20th September 204. It is a path-breaking effort
in the concept of tele education. The main purpose of this is to
provide education to all people primarly children from remot
areas of the country who can not go to schools or colleges. The
claude would be conducted by (varioue stte education board)
NCERT, CBSE, Universities etc. in a studio environment using
powerpoint presentation as well as the common blackboard. It
is having interactive as well as non-interactive sessions offered.

15. EDUSAT

16. Objectives of EDUSAT
1. Ensure availability of quality content online and through
variety of access devices in schools.
2. Promote a shift from current passive learning to active
learning.
3. Inservice and recurrent training of School teachers
continues upgradion of their knowledge and skills.
4. Enrich the curriculum and pedagogic by employing all
the technologies available including virtual class room,
video on demand.

17. CES (Consortiumfor Educational Communication)
The consortium for educational communication
popularly known as CEC is one of the inter
University centres setup by the University
Grants Commission of India. It has been
established with the goal of addressing the
needs of Higher education through the use of
powerful medium of Television along with the
appropriate use of emerging information
communication Technology(ICT). Realizing the
potential and power of Television to act as
means of educational knowledge dissemination
UGC started the country wide classroom
programmes in the year 1984.

18. For production of such programmes media
senders were setup at 6 Universities.
Subsequently CEC emerged in 1993 as a nodal
agency to co ordinate , guide and facilitate such
educational production at the national level.
Today 22 media centers are working towards
achieving this goal under the umbrella of CEC.

19. UGC (University Grants Commission)
The UGC was formed in 1946 to oversee the
work of 3 central Universities of Aligarh ,
Banaras and Delhi. In 1947 the committee
was entrusted with the responsibility of
dealing with all the existing Universities.
UGC was formally inaugurated by Abdul
Kalam Azad, the minister of Education. The
motto of UGC is “Gyan-Vigyan Vimutaye”.

20. SIET(StateInstituteof Education Technology)
SIET in Kerala, the state institute of educational technology is
responsible for the planning, research production and
evaluation of educational software like video, audio
programmes and computer multimedia. SIET Kerala also aims
to implement scheme to generate teaching technology and
process in the modern context. SIET Kerala is the latest in the
array of 7 SIET’s in the country. Department of Education ,
ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of
India sanctioned the state institute of educational technology
for Kerala in 1998.

21. SIET

22. C-DIT( Centre for developmentof imaging Technology)
C-Dit is a unique institution with diverse skill sets and
achievements in the areas of information and communication
Technologies and their applications. Founded in December
1988 as an offshoot of Kerala state film development
corporation, C-Dit started its operations with two projects
founded by the government of India-one in the field of research
and development in film and electronics technology and another
in the area of science and development communication using
video.

24. AKSHAYA
Akshaya is a ICT project by the Kerala state
information Technology mission (KSITM) To bridge the
digital divide and to bring the benefits of ICT to the inter
population. In the initial phase it the focus was placed on
educating one person in each family to be e-
literate. Malappuram a backward district Kerala was
selected for piloting e-literacy. Now akshya is emerged
as one of the finest common service centre networks in
the nation.

26. IT@school
It @school is a project of department of general
education. Government of Kerala, setup in 2001, to foster the IT
education in school and which on a longer term would facilitate
ICT enabled education in the state. The project is now been
implemented from5th to 12th standards in the state covering as
many as 8000 schools. An estimated50 lakhs students and 2
lakhs teachers are now part of this project who have benefited
from ICT enabled education. Today the project is one the verge
of completing its 10thyear of operation and it has a strong
network of 160 mater trainers and 5600 school IT co-
coordinators’ statewide, who are school teachers themselves.

27. The project functions on free software platform since
it provides the freedom to an individual to study,
copy, modify and re-distribute any content, a
process which would ultimately benefit the whole
society

29. VICTERS
12 hours educational channel for school education was
officially inaugurated by Hon. Cheif Minister of Kerala Sri.
V.S. Achuthananthan on 3rdAugust 2006. The channel is
unique in the sense that it caters to students and teachers on a
need based manner. The programmes are aired on demand,
sensitive to school curriculum and even time-table.
The ISRO has augmented the unlinking station in time
for another channel a non interactive one. The technology
deployed is similar to the direct to home (DTH) technology
used in other T V channels. Education videos, as per the Kerala
syllabus and curriculm, are primarily aired during school timings

30. CONCLUSION
The ultimate goal of any plan for educational technology
should reflect two intentions, equitable access to technology for
all students and educators and comparable levels of educational
technology for all schools. In setting up on educational
technology resources centre tree aspects have to be
addressed. Determinationof the equipment required hardware
and software, securing require founds so as to cover initial costs
such as maintenance and technical assistance providing
professional development for educators. So that technologyis
utilizedand implemented meaningfully. Thus Technology can
become the force that equalizes educational opportunities of all
children regardless of location and social and economical factors.

31. REFERENCE
 Educational Technology (Vanaja.M)
 Fundamental aspects of educational Technology
(Yogendra. K. Sharma)
 WWW.Educational .Com