2. Cultures Clash
• The Dutch were the first
Europeans to settle in
South Africa.
• They set up a trade
station near the Cape of
Good Hope.
• The Europeans who settled
in South Africa called
themselves Afrikaners.
• Eventually, the British took
control of most of South
Africa.
3. Cultures Clash
• The British and the
Afrikaners (also known as
the Boers) fought each
other for control of South
Africa.
• The British also fought
with the Zulu tribe.
• The British eventually
defeated the Afrikaners
and Zulus and declared
South Africa an
independent country in
1910.
4. The Birth of Apartheid
• The white-controlled
government of South Africa
created laws to keep land
and wealth in the hands of
whites.
• They created a system called
APARTHEID, which was
designed to separate South
African society into groups
based on race: whites,
blacks, Coloureds, and
Asians.
6. The Impact of Apartheid
• It forced blacks to move to
poor rural areas called
HOMELANDS.
• Blacks could not vote.
• Blacks were kept in low-
paying jobs.
• Blacks were put in poor
schools.
• Blacks had to carry
identification.
• Separate schools,
restaurants, and
hospitals were created
for whites and blacks.
8. The Impact of Apartheid
Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act, Act No
55 of 1949
prohibited marriages between white people and
people of other races.
Population Registration Act, Act No 30 of
1950
led to the creation of a national register in
which every person's race was recorded.
Extension of University Education Act,
Act 45 of 1959
put an end to black students attending
white universities
Group Areas Act, Act No 41 of 1950
forced physical separation between races
by creating different residential areas for
different races
9. The Struggle to Defeat Apartheid
• After many years of
protests from black South
Africans and pressure from
foreign countries,
APARTHEID was finally
ended by President F.W. de
Klerk.
• In 1994, Nelson Mandela,
who had spent 28 years in
prison for fighting
APARTHEID, was elected
president of South Africa
during the country’s first
multiracial election.
10. The Challenge of
Building a New Nation
• Although some whites
supported the ending of
legal DISCRIMINATION in
South Africa, many whites
resisted the change.
• Nelson Mandela and the
new leaders of South Africa
have worked hard to create
a new South Africa based
on equality and peace.
12. Issues Facing South Africa Today
• Although South Africa
has a stable
government and one of
the strongest
economies in Africa, it
still faces many issues:
– economic inequality
(whites still control
most of wealth)
– fear of change
– HIV/AIDS
